{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4296845006","doi":"https://doi.org/10.24248/eahrj.v6i1.682","title":"Inhaler Non-Adherence, Associated Factors and Asthma Control among Asthma Patients in a Tertiary Level Hospital in Tanzania","display_name":"Inhaler Non-Adherence, Associated Factors and Asthma Control among Asthma Patients in a Tertiary Level Hospital in Tanzania","publication_year":2022,"publication_date":"2022-07-27","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4296845006","doi":"https://doi.org/10.24248/eahrj.v6i1.682","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/36424951","pmcid":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/9639640"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.24248/eahrj.v6i1.682","doi":"https://doi.org/10.24248/eahrj.v6i1.682","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.24248/eahrj.v6i1.682","pdf_url":"https://eahrj.eahealth.org/eah/article/download/682/1352","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210185126","display_name":"East African Health Research Journal","issn_l":"2520-5277","issn":["2520-5277","2520-5285"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":["jpps-2","ki-jl-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4405262180","host_organization_name":"East African Health Research Commission","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4405262180"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"East African Health Research Journal","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"diamond","oa_url":"https://eahrj.eahealth.org/eah/article/download/682/1352","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5008270946","display_name":"Grace Ambrose Shayo","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9482-8703","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9482-8703"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I154840374","display_name":"Muhimbili University of Health and Allied Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/027pr6c67","country_code":"TZ","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I154840374"]}],"countries":["TZ"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Grace A. Shayo","raw_affiliation_strings":["Pulmonology section of the Department of internal medicine, Muhimbili University of Health and Allied Sciences, Dar es Salaam Tanzania"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Pulmonology section of the Department of internal medicine, Muhimbili University of Health and Allied Sciences, Dar es Salaam Tanzania","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I154840374"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5048313672","display_name":"Amina Omary","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I154840374","display_name":"Muhimbili University of Health and Allied Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/027pr6c67","country_code":"TZ","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I154840374"]}],"countries":["TZ"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Amina Omary","raw_affiliation_strings":["Pulmonology section of the Department of internal medicine, Muhimbili University of Health and Allied Sciences, Dar es Salaam Tanzania"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Pulmonology section of the Department of internal medicine, Muhimbili University of Health and Allied Sciences, Dar es Salaam Tanzania","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I154840374"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5071539184","display_name":"Ferdinand M Mugusi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7479-4913","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7479-4913"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I154840374","display_name":"Muhimbili University of Health and Allied Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/027pr6c67","country_code":"TZ","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I154840374"]}],"countries":["TZ"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ferdinand Mugusi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Pulmonology section of the Department of internal medicine, Muhimbili University of Health and Allied Sciences, Dar es Salaam Tanzania"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Pulmonology section of the Department of internal medicine, Muhimbili University of Health and Allied Sciences, Dar es Salaam Tanzania","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I154840374"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5008270946"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I154840374"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":4.4034,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":23,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.95553936,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":88,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"6","issue":"1","first_page":"78","last_page":"85"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11620","display_name":"Medication Adherence and Compliance","score":0.9564999938011169,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2714","display_name":"Family Practice"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11620","display_name":"Medication Adherence and Compliance","score":0.9564999938011169,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2714","display_name":"Family Practice"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10051","display_name":"Asthma and respiratory diseases","score":0.03660000115633011,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2737","display_name":"Physiology (medical)"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13970","display_name":"Pharmacy and Medical Practices","score":0.0015999999595806003,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3004","display_name":"Pharmacology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/30","display_name":"Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/asthma-control","display_name":"asthma control","score":0.6899999976158142},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/asthma","display_name":"asthma","score":0.8999999761581421},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/treatment-adherence","display_name":"medication adherence","score":0.8489999771118164},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/inhaler-technique","display_name":"inhaler technique","score":0.9430000185966492},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/health-insurance","display_name":"health insurance","score":0.7730000019073486},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/socioeconomic-factors","display_name":"socioeconomic factors","score":0.7179999947547913},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/asthma-self-management-education","display_name":"asthma self-management education","score":0.5199999809265137},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/tanzania","display_name":"Tanzania","score":0.6169999837875366}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.9164546132087708},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776042228","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q35869","display_name":"Asthma","level":2,"score":0.8948211669921875},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780261241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1394363","display_name":"Inhaler","level":3,"score":0.824864387512207},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779357621","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q655495","display_name":"Tanzania","level":2,"score":0.6403191685676575},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779356329","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q922625","display_name":"Checklist","level":2,"score":0.5671808123588562},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C151956035","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1132755","display_name":"Logistic regression","level":2,"score":0.4863203465938568},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126322002","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11180","display_name":"Internal medicine","level":1,"score":0.46510347723960876},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3020110884","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q695416","display_name":"Outpatient clinic","level":2,"score":0.4328690767288208},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C1862650","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q186005","display_name":"Physical therapy","level":1,"score":0.37008464336395264},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39432304","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188847","display_name":"Environmental science","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C91375879","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q15473274","display_name":"Environmental planning","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C180747234","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q23373","display_name":"Cognitive psychology","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.24248/eahrj.v6i1.682","doi":"https://doi.org/10.24248/eahrj.v6i1.682","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.24248/eahrj.v6i1.682","pdf_url":"https://eahrj.eahealth.org/eah/article/download/682/1352","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210185126","display_name":"East African Health Research Journal","issn_l":"2520-5277","issn":["2520-5277","2520-5285"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":["jpps-2","ki-jl-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4405262180","host_organization_name":"East African Health Research Commission","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4405262180"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"East African Health Research Journal","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:9639640","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/9639640","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"East Afr Health Res J","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmid:36424951","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/36424951","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"The East African health research journal","raw_type":"Journal Article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.24248/eahrj.v6i1.682","doi":"https://doi.org/10.24248/eahrj.v6i1.682","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.24248/eahrj.v6i1.682","pdf_url":"https://eahrj.eahealth.org/eah/article/download/682/1352","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210185126","display_name":"East African Health Research Journal","issn_l":"2520-5277","issn":["2520-5277","2520-5285"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":["jpps-2","ki-jl-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4405262180","host_organization_name":"East African Health Research Commission","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4405262180"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"East African Health Research Journal","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","display_name":"Good health and well-being","score":1.0}],"study_designs":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/study-designs/observational-study","display_name":"Observational Study"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4296845006.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4296845006.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":37,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W387031605","https://openalex.org/W751328058","https://openalex.org/W1835779809","https://openalex.org/W1963695116","https://openalex.org/W1998679555","https://openalex.org/W2009048696","https://openalex.org/W2013428264","https://openalex.org/W2013576653","https://openalex.org/W2039206076","https://openalex.org/W2045685449","https://openalex.org/W2057252382","https://openalex.org/W2085902327","https://openalex.org/W2113454527","https://openalex.org/W2121612376","https://openalex.org/W2124360721","https://openalex.org/W2131956878","https://openalex.org/W2135785083","https://openalex.org/W2140647407","https://openalex.org/W2149354450","https://openalex.org/W2160604800","https://openalex.org/W2253883513","https://openalex.org/W2326267187","https://openalex.org/W2406450865","https://openalex.org/W2518109705","https://openalex.org/W2605703167","https://openalex.org/W2616424562","https://openalex.org/W2735747071","https://openalex.org/W2758896016","https://openalex.org/W2762605876","https://openalex.org/W2809019570","https://openalex.org/W2897121999","https://openalex.org/W2910647236","https://openalex.org/W2914362419","https://openalex.org/W2916830291","https://openalex.org/W2945792041","https://openalex.org/W3135110699","https://openalex.org/W4240967526"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4313063534","https://openalex.org/W3179636028","https://openalex.org/W4225906984","https://openalex.org/W2762605876","https://openalex.org/W7221290917","https://openalex.org/W2998306129","https://openalex.org/W6949185224","https://openalex.org/W7161294424","https://openalex.org/W2778296815","https://openalex.org/W4412493659"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Background:":[0],"Inhaled":[1],"medications":[2,229],"including":[3],"corticosteroids":[4],"are":[5,304],"the":[6,24,54,60,78,120,177,219],"most":[7],"effective":[8],"long-term":[9],"controller":[10],"medicines":[11],"for":[12,251,301],"asthma-related":[13],"chronic":[14],"airway":[15],"inflammation.":[16],"Despite":[17],"this":[18],"fact,":[19],"30%":[20],"to":[21,30,59,110,193,228,262,299],"70%":[22],"of":[23,56,62,81,108,145,154,212,237,241,270],"uncontrolled":[25],"asthma":[26,42,63,76,150,214,252,276,286,308],"patients":[27,43,73,215],"report":[28],"non-adherence":[29,39,261,272],"their":[31],"inhalers.":[32],"This":[33],"study":[34,69],"investigated":[35],"factors":[36,93,195],"affecting":[37],"inhaler":[38,57,161,198,255,271],"among":[40,72],"outpatient":[41],"in":[44,77,85,218,306],"Muhimbili":[45,82],"National":[46,83],"Hospital,":[47],"Dar":[48],"es":[49],"Salaam":[50],"Tanzania":[51],"and":[52,91,230,253,273,287,295,310],"related":[53],"level":[55,201],"adherence":[58,101,281],"extent":[61],"control.":[64],"Methods:":[65],"A":[66,143,210],"cross-sectional":[67],"hospital-based":[68],"was":[70,102,115,122,134,164,172,191,202],"conducted":[71],"with":[74,197,260],"bronchial":[75],"pulmonology":[79],"clinic":[80],"Hospital":[84],"Dar-es-salaam,":[86],"Tanzania.":[87],"Patients'":[88,160],"demographic,":[89],"clinical":[90],"socio-economic":[92],"were":[94,179,184,216,222,226,257,277],"collected":[95],"using":[96,104,136,166],"a":[97,105,137,152,167],"structured":[98],"questionnaire.":[99,113],"Medication":[100],"self-reported":[103],"10-item":[106],"Test":[107,141],"Adherence":[109,114],"Inhalers":[111],"(TAI)":[112],"gauged":[116],"as":[117,186],"good":[118],"when":[119,175],"score":[121,144,153],"50,":[123],"intermediate":[124],"(score":[125,129],"46-49)":[126],"or":[127],"poor":[128],"\u2264":[130],"45).":[131],"Asthma":[132,139],"control":[133],"assessed":[135,165],"5-question":[138],"Control":[140],"(ACT).":[142],"\u226520":[146],"meant":[147,156],"well":[148],"controlled":[149,158,234,275],"while":[151],"\u226419":[155],"poorly":[157,233,274],"asthma.":[159,235],"use":[162],"technique":[163,171,256],"10-step":[168],"checklist.":[169],"Patient's":[170],"regarded":[173],"correct":[174],"all":[176,264],"steps":[178],"performed":[180,192],"correctly.":[181],"Categorical":[182],"data":[183],"summarised":[185],"proportions.":[187],"Binary":[188],"logistic":[189],"regression":[190],"identify":[194],"associated":[196,259],"non-adherence.":[199],"Significance":[200],"set":[203],"at":[204],"p-value":[205],"less":[206],"than":[207],".05.":[208],"Results:":[209],"total":[211],"385":[213],"enrolled":[217],"study.":[220],"Females":[221],"206":[223],"(53.5%),":[224],"232(60.3%)":[225],"non-adherent":[227],"283(73.5%)":[231],"had":[232],"Lack":[236],"health":[238],"insurance,":[239],"fear":[240],"medication":[242,250],"side":[243],"effects,":[244],"being":[245],"too":[246],"busy,":[247],"having":[248],"alternative":[249],"incorrect":[254],"significantly":[258],"inhalers,":[263],"p-values":[265],"<.05.":[266],"Conclusion:":[267],"The":[268],"magnitude":[269],"very":[278],"high.":[279],"Promoting":[280],"through":[282],"patients'":[283,292],"education":[284],"on":[285,291],"its":[288],"management,":[289],"emphasis":[290],"insurance":[293],"coverage":[294],"setting":[296],"aside":[297],"time":[298],"care":[300,309],"ones'":[302],"self":[303],"fundamental":[305],"optimising":[307],"treatment.":[311]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":10},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-11-04T10:54:05.112534","created_date":"2022-09-24T00:00:00"}
