{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4295297582","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.shaw.2022.08.009","title":"Protective Measures From Solar Ultraviolet Radiation for Beach Lifeguards in Tuscany (Italy): Shade and Clothing Strategies","display_name":"Protective Measures From Solar Ultraviolet Radiation for Beach Lifeguards in Tuscany (Italy): Shade and Clothing Strategies","publication_year":2022,"publication_date":"2022-09-09","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4295297582","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.shaw.2022.08.009","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/36579014","pmcid":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/9772484"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1016/j.shaw.2022.08.009","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.shaw.2022.08.009","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.shaw.2022.08.009","pdf_url":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2093791122001366/pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2765035337","display_name":"Safety and Health at Work","issn_l":"2093-7911","issn":["2093-7911","2093-7997"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","dongbi-c","doyens","jufo-1","kci-candidate","ki-jl-1","norway-1","poland-100","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Safety and Health at Work","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref","doaj","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2093791122001366/pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5082345679","display_name":"Daniele Grifoni","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0811-1624","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0811-1624"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210155236","display_name":"National Research Council","ror":"https://ror.org/04zaypm56","country_code":"IT","type":"nonprofit","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210155236"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4405256913","display_name":"Laboratorio di Monitoraggio e Modellistica Ambientale per lo sviluppo sostenibile","ror":"https://ror.org/04npskv21","country_code":"IT","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210155236","https://openalex.org/I4405256913"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4405261809","display_name":"Istituto per la BioEconomia","ror":"https://ror.org/05wq02383","country_code":"IT","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210155236","https://openalex.org/I4405261809"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Daniele Grifoni","raw_affiliation_strings":["CNR-IBE - Institute of Bioeconomy - National Research Council, Sesto Fiorentino, Italy","LaMMA Consortium, Sesto Fiorentino, Italy"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0811-1624","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"CNR-IBE - Institute of Bioeconomy - National Research Council, Sesto Fiorentino, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210155236","https://openalex.org/I4405261809"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"LaMMA Consortium, Sesto Fiorentino, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4405256913"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5025675137","display_name":"Giulio Betti","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4418-027X","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4418-027X"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210155236","display_name":"National Research Council","ror":"https://ror.org/04zaypm56","country_code":"IT","type":"nonprofit","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210155236"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4405256913","display_name":"Laboratorio di Monitoraggio e Modellistica Ambientale per lo sviluppo sostenibile","ror":"https://ror.org/04npskv21","country_code":"IT","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210155236","https://openalex.org/I4405256913"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4405261809","display_name":"Istituto per la BioEconomia","ror":"https://ror.org/05wq02383","country_code":"IT","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210155236","https://openalex.org/I4405261809"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Giulio Betti","raw_affiliation_strings":["CNR-IBE - Institute of Bioeconomy - National Research Council, Sesto Fiorentino, Italy","LaMMA Consortium, Sesto Fiorentino, Italy"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4418-027X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"CNR-IBE - Institute of Bioeconomy - National Research Council, Sesto Fiorentino, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210155236","https://openalex.org/I4405261809"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"LaMMA Consortium, Sesto Fiorentino, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4405256913"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5067855876","display_name":"Andrea Bogi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2949-7578","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2949-7578"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Andrea Bogi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Physical Agents Sector, Regional Public Health Laboratory, Siena, Italy"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2949-7578","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Physical Agents Sector, Regional Public Health Laboratory, Siena, Italy","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5097553603","display_name":"Lucia Bramanti","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6258-7797","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6258-7797"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Lucia Bramanti","raw_affiliation_strings":["AUSL North West Tuscany, Hygiene and Health at Work Unit, Prevention Department, Versilia, Italy"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6258-7797","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"AUSL North West Tuscany, Hygiene and Health at Work Unit, Prevention Department, Versilia, Italy","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5016821513","display_name":"Alessandra Chiarugi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7392-9350","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7392-9350"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Alessandra Chiarugi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Screening and Secondary Prevention Unit, Institut for Cancer Research, Prevention and Clinical Network (ISPRO), Florence, Italy"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7392-9350","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Screening and Secondary Prevention Unit, Institut for Cancer Research, Prevention and Clinical Network (ISPRO), Florence, Italy","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5034597366","display_name":"Bernardo Gozzini","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0730-095X","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0730-095X"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210155236","display_name":"National Research Council","ror":"https://ror.org/04zaypm56","country_code":"IT","type":"nonprofit","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210155236"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4405256913","display_name":"Laboratorio di Monitoraggio e Modellistica Ambientale per lo sviluppo sostenibile","ror":"https://ror.org/04npskv21","country_code":"IT","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210155236","https://openalex.org/I4405256913"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4405261809","display_name":"Istituto per la BioEconomia","ror":"https://ror.org/05wq02383","country_code":"IT","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210155236","https://openalex.org/I4405261809"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Bernardo Gozzini","raw_affiliation_strings":["CNR-IBE - Institute of Bioeconomy - National Research Council, Sesto Fiorentino, Italy","LaMMA Consortium, Sesto Fiorentino, Italy"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0730-095X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"CNR-IBE - Institute of Bioeconomy - National Research Council, Sesto Fiorentino, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210155236","https://openalex.org/I4405261809"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"LaMMA Consortium, Sesto Fiorentino, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4405256913"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5022463429","display_name":"Marco Morabito","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8799-4866","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8799-4866","https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4238-1644"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210155236","display_name":"National Research Council","ror":"https://ror.org/04zaypm56","country_code":"IT","type":"nonprofit","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210155236"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4405261809","display_name":"Istituto per la BioEconomia","ror":"https://ror.org/05wq02383","country_code":"IT","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210155236","https://openalex.org/I4405261809"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Marco Morabito","raw_affiliation_strings":["CNR-IBE - Institute of Bioeconomy - National Research Council, Sesto Fiorentino, Italy"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8799-4866","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"CNR-IBE - Institute of Bioeconomy - National Research Council, Sesto Fiorentino, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210155236","https://openalex.org/I4405261809"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5010360640","display_name":"Francesco Picciolo","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5595-1140","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5595-1140"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I102064193","display_name":"University of Siena","ror":"https://ror.org/01tevnk56","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I102064193"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Francesco Picciolo","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Physic, University of Siena, Italy"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5595-1140","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Physic, University of Siena, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I102064193"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5045487264","display_name":"Francesco Sabatini","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4812-4606","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4812-4606"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210155236","display_name":"National Research Council","ror":"https://ror.org/04zaypm56","country_code":"IT","type":"nonprofit","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210155236"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4405261809","display_name":"Istituto per la BioEconomia","ror":"https://ror.org/05wq02383","country_code":"IT","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210155236","https://openalex.org/I4405261809"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Francesco Sabatini","raw_affiliation_strings":["CNR-IBE - Institute of Bioeconomy - National Research Council, Sesto Fiorentino, Italy"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4812-4606","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"CNR-IBE - Institute of Bioeconomy - National Research Council, Sesto Fiorentino, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210155236","https://openalex.org/I4405261809"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5024828268","display_name":"Lucia Miligi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8223-485X","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8223-485X"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Lucia Miligi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Environmental and Occupational Epidemiology Branch - Cancer Risk Factors and Lifestyle Epidemiology Unit, Institute for Cancer Research, Prevention and Clinical Network (ISPRO), Florence, Italy"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8223-485X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Environmental and Occupational Epidemiology Branch - Cancer Risk Factors and Lifestyle Epidemiology Unit, Institute for Cancer Research, Prevention and Clinical Network (ISPRO), Florence, Italy","institution_ids":[]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5082345679"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210155236","https://openalex.org/I4405256913","https://openalex.org/I4405261809"],"apc_list":{"value":1750,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1750},"apc_paid":{"value":1750,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1750},"fwci":1.6702,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":9,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.81463653,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":88,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":"13","issue":"4","first_page":"421","last_page":"428"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11013","display_name":"Skin Protection and Aging","score":0.7685999870300293,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2708","display_name":"Dermatology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11013","display_name":"Skin Protection and Aging","score":0.7685999870300293,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2708","display_name":"Dermatology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13315","display_name":"Occupational Health and Safety in Workplaces","score":0.20839999616146088,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2739","display_name":"Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13869","display_name":"Ocular and Laser Science Research","score":0.013399999588727951,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2731","display_name":"Ophthalmology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/solar-uv-radiation","display_name":"solar ultraviolet radiation","score":0.8420000076293945},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/occupational-uv-exposure","display_name":"occupational UV exposure","score":0.7739999890327454},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/uv-protection","display_name":"UV protection","score":0.6029999852180481},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/shading-devices","display_name":"shading devices","score":0.8899999856948853},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/gazebo","display_name":"Gazebo","score":0.7929999828338623},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/t-shirts","display_name":"t-shirts","score":0.7009999752044678},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ultraviolet-protection-factor","display_name":"UV protection factor","score":0.6119999885559082},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sunglasses","display_name":"sunglasses","score":0.5130000114440918},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sunscreen","display_name":"sunscreen","score":0.8519999980926514},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/primary-prevention","display_name":"primary prevention","score":0.765999972820282},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/outdoor-workers","display_name":"outdoor workers","score":0.5920000076293945}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C530175646","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11460","display_name":"Clothing","level":2,"score":0.7219982147216797},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2987742019","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11391","display_name":"Ultraviolet radiation","level":2,"score":0.6390009522438049},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C170853661","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193788","display_name":"Sunlight","level":2,"score":0.5020411014556885},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39432304","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188847","display_name":"Environmental science","level":0,"score":0.4808143377304077},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205649164","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1071","display_name":"Geography","level":0,"score":0.3393363356590271},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C166957645","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q23498","display_name":"Archaeology","level":1,"score":0.17650878429412842},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.12413239479064941},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.10237389802932739},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C1276947","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q333","display_name":"Astronomy","level":1,"score":0.07791349291801453},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177322064","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q750955","display_name":"Radiochemistry","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1016/j.shaw.2022.08.009","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.shaw.2022.08.009","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.shaw.2022.08.009","pdf_url":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2093791122001366/pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2765035337","display_name":"Safety and Health at Work","issn_l":"2093-7911","issn":["2093-7911","2093-7997"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","dongbi-c","doyens","jufo-1","kci-candidate","ki-jl-1","norway-1","poland-100","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Safety and Health at Work","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:36579014","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/36579014","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Safety and health at work","raw_type":"Journal Article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:9772484","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC9772484/","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Saf Health Work","raw_type":"Text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1016/j.shaw.2022.08.009","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.shaw.2022.08.009","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.shaw.2022.08.009","pdf_url":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2093791122001366/pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2765035337","display_name":"Safety and Health at Work","issn_l":"2093-7911","issn":["2093-7911","2093-7997"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","dongbi-c","doyens","jufo-1","kci-candidate","ki-jl-1","norway-1","poland-100","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Safety and Health at Work","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.9391000270843506,"display_name":"Good health and well-being","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3"},{"score":0.48510000109672546,"display_name":"Decent work and economic growth","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/8"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320326483","display_name":"European Organization for the Exploitation of Meteorological Satellites","ror":null}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4295297582.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4295297582.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":58,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W37891867","https://openalex.org/W51189901","https://openalex.org/W653115520","https://openalex.org/W1585124497","https://openalex.org/W1598410498","https://openalex.org/W1929746539","https://openalex.org/W1996810762","https://openalex.org/W2001697187","https://openalex.org/W2013829918","https://openalex.org/W2017322770","https://openalex.org/W2017743303","https://openalex.org/W2022401902","https://openalex.org/W2032416908","https://openalex.org/W2033294634","https://openalex.org/W2044206026","https://openalex.org/W2045934771","https://openalex.org/W2053791072","https://openalex.org/W2060409468","https://openalex.org/W2063095469","https://openalex.org/W2063266611","https://openalex.org/W2066384308","https://openalex.org/W2081714298","https://openalex.org/W2116226742","https://openalex.org/W2121753534","https://openalex.org/W2124783653","https://openalex.org/W2131467528","https://openalex.org/W2136584032","https://openalex.org/W2152483740","https://openalex.org/W2170956483","https://openalex.org/W2178418634","https://openalex.org/W2207232411","https://openalex.org/W2297402170","https://openalex.org/W2335810450","https://openalex.org/W2497342339","https://openalex.org/W2560322684","https://openalex.org/W2581061955","https://openalex.org/W2726683946","https://openalex.org/W2884108068","https://openalex.org/W2890853172","https://openalex.org/W2916624819","https://openalex.org/W2955058249","https://openalex.org/W2969945063","https://openalex.org/W2990186563","https://openalex.org/W3002770691","https://openalex.org/W3007510905","https://openalex.org/W3015596521","https://openalex.org/W3016284053","https://openalex.org/W3023949851","https://openalex.org/W3033870006","https://openalex.org/W3033914651","https://openalex.org/W3045244230","https://openalex.org/W3092151171","https://openalex.org/W3121798737","https://openalex.org/W3159069153","https://openalex.org/W3211488171","https://openalex.org/W3213543962","https://openalex.org/W4299120108","https://openalex.org/W4299953351"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W6960063516","https://openalex.org/W2066384308","https://openalex.org/W4387701628","https://openalex.org/W3092151171","https://openalex.org/W3134588783","https://openalex.org/W3033870006","https://openalex.org/W2089643273","https://openalex.org/W4392203744","https://openalex.org/W2001697187","https://openalex.org/W2036424035"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Background:":[0],"The":[1,118],"exposure":[2,27],"to":[3,51,129,161,197],"solar":[4,26],"ultraviolet":[5,56,125],"radiation":[6,57,126,137,202],"is":[7,138],"a":[8,34,69,85,90,115,132,156,189],"significant":[9],"risk":[10],"factor":[11],"generally":[12],"underestimated":[13],"by":[14,93,102,106,127],"outdoor":[15],"workers":[16],"and":[17,30,40,79,176],"employers.":[18],"Several":[19],"studies":[20],"have":[21],"pointed":[22],"out":[23],"that":[24],"occupational":[25],"increased":[28],"eye":[29],"skin":[31],"diseases":[32],"with":[33,114],"considerable":[35],"impact":[36],"on":[37,89],"the":[38,53,64,98,112,124,142,152,162,174],"lives":[39],"productivity":[41],"of":[42,47,58,66,72,95,178,201],"affected":[43],"workers.The":[44],"main":[45],"purpose":[46],"this":[48,170],"study":[49,171],"was":[50,108],"evaluate":[52],"effectiveness":[54],"against":[55],"some":[59,103],"measures":[60,147],"recently":[61],"undertaken":[62],"for":[63,192,203],"protection":[65,100,159],"lifeguards":[67,107,193],"in":[68,111,141,169],"coastal":[70],"area":[71],"Tuscany.":[73],"Methods:":[74],"Different":[75],"shading":[76,120],"structures":[77,121],"(gazebos":[78],"beach":[80,92],"umbrella)":[81],"were":[82],"tested":[83,110,153],"during":[84],"sunny":[86],"summer's":[87],"day":[88],"sandy":[91],"means":[94],"two":[96],"radiometers;":[97],"UV":[99],"offered":[101],"T-shirts":[104,154],"used":[105],"also":[109,139],"laboratory":[113],"spectrophotometer.":[116],"Results:":[117],"analysed":[119],"strongly":[122],"reduced":[123],"up":[128],"90%,":[130],"however":[131],"not":[133],"always":[134],"negligible":[135],"diffuse":[136],"present":[140],"shade,":[143],"requiring":[144],"further":[145],"protective":[146],"(T-shirt,":[148],"sunglasses,":[149],"sunscreen,":[150],"etc.);":[151],"showed":[155],"very":[157,198],"good-excellent":[158],"according":[160],"Australian/New":[163],"Zealand":[164],"standard.":[165],"Conclusion:":[166],"Results":[167],"obtained":[168],"suggest":[172],"how":[173],"adoption":[175],"dissemination":[177],"good":[179],"practices,":[180],"including":[181],"those":[182],"tested,":[183],"could":[184],"be":[185],"particularly":[186],"effective":[187],"as":[188],"primary":[190],"prevention":[191],"who":[194],"are":[195],"subjected":[196],"high":[199],"levels":[200],"long":[204],"periods.":[205]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-11-10T11:39:43.021295","created_date":"2022-09-12T00:00:00"}