{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4295154930","doi":"https://doi.org/10.7759/cureus.29028","title":"Dengue Fever, Crimean-Congo Hemorrhagic Fever, and COVID-19 Triple Co-infection: Out of the Frying Pan Into the Fire","display_name":"Dengue Fever, Crimean-Congo Hemorrhagic Fever, and COVID-19 Triple Co-infection: Out of the Frying Pan Into the Fire","publication_year":2022,"publication_date":"2022-09-11","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4295154930","doi":"https://doi.org/10.7759/cureus.29028","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/36249653"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.7759/cureus.29028","doi":"https://doi.org/10.7759/cureus.29028","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.7759/cureus.29028","pdf_url":"https://www.cureus.com/articles/112055-dengue-fever-crimean-congo-hemorrhagic-fever-and-covid-19-triple-co-infection-out-of-the-frying-pan-into-the-fire.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2738950867","display_name":"Cureus","issn_l":"2168-8184","issn":["2168-8184"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310316779","host_organization_name":"Cureus, Inc.","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310316779"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Cureus, Inc."],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Cureus","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"diamond","oa_url":"https://www.cureus.com/articles/112055-dengue-fever-crimean-congo-hemorrhagic-fever-and-covid-19-triple-co-infection-out-of-the-frying-pan-into-the-fire.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5103273155","display_name":"Fawad Rahim","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4972-1656","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4972-1656"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2801036794","display_name":"Hayatabad Medical Complex","ror":"https://ror.org/03vpd6e34","country_code":"PK","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2801036794"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4403386779","display_name":"Khyber Girls Medical College","ror":"https://ror.org/05c08zp36","country_code":null,"type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4403386779"]}],"countries":["PK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Fawad Rahim","raw_affiliation_strings":["Internal Medicine, Hayatabad Medical Complex Peshawar, Peshawar, PAK","Internal Medicine, Khyber Girls Medical College, Peshawar, PAK"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Internal Medicine, Hayatabad Medical Complex Peshawar, Peshawar, PAK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2801036794"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Internal Medicine, Khyber Girls Medical College, Peshawar, PAK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4403386779"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101733072","display_name":"Said Amin","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0671-9342","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0671-9342"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2801036794","display_name":"Hayatabad Medical Complex","ror":"https://ror.org/03vpd6e34","country_code":"PK","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2801036794"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4403386779","display_name":"Khyber Girls Medical College","ror":"https://ror.org/05c08zp36","country_code":null,"type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4403386779"]}],"countries":["PK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Said Amin","raw_affiliation_strings":["Internal Medicine, Hayatabad Medical Complex Peshawar, Peshawar, PAK","Internal Medicine, Khyber Girls Medical College , Peshawar, PAK"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Internal Medicine, Hayatabad Medical Complex Peshawar, Peshawar, PAK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2801036794"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Internal Medicine, Khyber Girls Medical College , Peshawar, PAK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4403386779"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5086183184","display_name":"Mohammad Sayed Noor","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0007-8369-8385","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0009-0007-8369-8385"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2801036794","display_name":"Hayatabad Medical Complex","ror":"https://ror.org/03vpd6e34","country_code":"PK","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2801036794"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4403386779","display_name":"Khyber Girls Medical College","ror":"https://ror.org/05c08zp36","country_code":null,"type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4403386779"]}],"countries":["PK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mohammad Noor","raw_affiliation_strings":["Internal Medicine, Hayatabad Medical Complex Peshawar, Peshawar, PAK","Internal Medicine, Khyber Girls Medical College, Peshawar, PAK"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Internal Medicine, Hayatabad Medical Complex Peshawar, Peshawar, PAK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2801036794"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Internal Medicine, Khyber Girls Medical College, Peshawar, PAK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4403386779"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5104489155","display_name":"Barkat Ali","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2801036794","display_name":"Hayatabad Medical Complex","ror":"https://ror.org/03vpd6e34","country_code":"PK","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2801036794"]}],"countries":["PK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Barkat Ali","raw_affiliation_strings":["Internal Medicine, Hayatabad Medical Complex Peshawar, Peshawar, PAK"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Internal Medicine, Hayatabad Medical Complex Peshawar, Peshawar, PAK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2801036794"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5053746386","display_name":"Azhar Wahab","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2801036794","display_name":"Hayatabad Medical Complex","ror":"https://ror.org/03vpd6e34","country_code":"PK","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2801036794"]}],"countries":["PK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Azhar Wahab","raw_affiliation_strings":["Internal Medicine, Hayatabad Medical Complex Peshawar, Peshawar, PAK"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Internal Medicine, Hayatabad Medical Complex Peshawar, Peshawar, PAK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2801036794"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.4031,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":2,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.60600227,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":93,"max":95},"biblio":{"volume":"14","issue":"9","first_page":"e29028","last_page":"e29028"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10166","display_name":"Mosquito-borne diseases and control","score":0.6723999977111816,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2739","display_name":"Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10166","display_name":"Mosquito-borne diseases and control","score":0.6723999977111816,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2739","display_name":"Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12047","display_name":"Viral Infections and Vectors","score":0.3140000104904175,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2725","display_name":"Infectious Diseases"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10041","display_name":"COVID-19 Clinical Research Studies","score":0.005799999926239252,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2725","display_name":"Infectious Diseases"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/dengue-virus","display_name":"dengue virus","score":0.906000018119812},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/crimean-congo-hemorrhagic-fever-virus","display_name":"Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever virus","score":0.9919999837875366},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sars-cov-2","display_name":"SARS-CoV-2","score":0.9430000185966492},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/covid-19","display_name":"COVID-19 pandemic","score":0.996999979019165},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/multiple-organ-failure","display_name":"multiple organ failure","score":0.7279999852180481},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/thrombocytopenia","display_name":"thrombocytopenia","score":0.9160000085830688},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/coagulopathy","display_name":"coagulopathy","score":0.968999981880188},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ribavirin","display_name":"ribavirin","score":0.8040000200271606}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.8751754760742188},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C533803919","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q30953","display_name":"Dengue fever","level":2,"score":0.7106420397758484},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780040827","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q421862","display_name":"Ribavirin","level":4,"score":0.632940411567688},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779635636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q476209","display_name":"Dengue virus","level":3,"score":0.575438916683197},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778748088","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1077505","display_name":"Crimean\u2013Congo hemorrhagic fever","level":3,"score":0.5518725514411926},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C761482","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q118093","display_name":"Transmission (telecommunications)","level":2,"score":0.4611867070198059},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C524204448","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q788926","display_name":"Infectious disease (medical specialty)","level":3,"score":0.44556957483291626},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779936836","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q890200","display_name":"Coagulopathy","level":2,"score":0.4183782637119293},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177713679","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q679690","display_name":"Intensive care medicine","level":1,"score":0.40949496626853943},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C203014093","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q101929","display_name":"Immunology","level":1,"score":0.4015768766403198},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2522874641","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q808","display_name":"Virus","level":2,"score":0.3843810260295868},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159047783","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7215","display_name":"Virology","level":1,"score":0.3476948142051697},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779134260","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12136","display_name":"Disease","level":2,"score":0.3067476749420166},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126322002","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11180","display_name":"Internal medicine","level":1,"score":0.2613951563835144},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776408679","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q708693","display_name":"Hepatitis C virus","level":3,"score":0.1551637053489685},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119599485","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43035","display_name":"Electrical engineering","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.7759/cureus.29028","doi":"https://doi.org/10.7759/cureus.29028","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.7759/cureus.29028","pdf_url":"https://www.cureus.com/articles/112055-dengue-fever-crimean-congo-hemorrhagic-fever-and-covid-19-triple-co-infection-out-of-the-frying-pan-into-the-fire.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2738950867","display_name":"Cureus","issn_l":"2168-8184","issn":["2168-8184"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310316779","host_organization_name":"Cureus, Inc.","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310316779"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Cureus, Inc."],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Cureus","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:36249653","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/36249653","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Cureus","raw_type":"Case Reports"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:9550205","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/9550205","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Cureus","raw_type":"Text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.7759/cureus.29028","doi":"https://doi.org/10.7759/cureus.29028","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.7759/cureus.29028","pdf_url":"https://www.cureus.com/articles/112055-dengue-fever-crimean-congo-hemorrhagic-fever-and-covid-19-triple-co-infection-out-of-the-frying-pan-into-the-fire.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2738950867","display_name":"Cureus","issn_l":"2168-8184","issn":["2168-8184"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310316779","host_organization_name":"Cureus, Inc.","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310316779"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Cureus, Inc."],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Cureus","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","score":0.9922999739646912,"display_name":"Good health and well-being"}],"sustainable_development_goals_aurora":[],"study_designs":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/study-designs/case-report","display_name":"Case Report"}],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320330069","display_name":"Tamkeen","ror":"https://ror.org/00bqpz325"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4295154930.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4295154930.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":17,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1595441435","https://openalex.org/W2143184176","https://openalex.org/W2794331416","https://openalex.org/W2810346638","https://openalex.org/W2895972239","https://openalex.org/W2941554603","https://openalex.org/W3010047248","https://openalex.org/W3047547292","https://openalex.org/W3081358216","https://openalex.org/W3121755903","https://openalex.org/W3125886087","https://openalex.org/W3157703981","https://openalex.org/W3179309957","https://openalex.org/W3183200961","https://openalex.org/W3188353993","https://openalex.org/W4220761277","https://openalex.org/W4281260750"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2308586264","https://openalex.org/W3098921675","https://openalex.org/W2051134904","https://openalex.org/W2008026220","https://openalex.org/W1995517874","https://openalex.org/W2096105915","https://openalex.org/W2083004655","https://openalex.org/W2076100628","https://openalex.org/W2108939276","https://openalex.org/W3204874602"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"In":[0],"developing":[1],"countries,":[2],"infectious":[3,198],"diseases":[4],"are":[5,20,36,45],"thriving":[6],"due":[7,21,27],"to":[8,22,28,180,201],"poor":[9],"hygiene,":[10],"inadequate":[11],"public":[12,194],"health":[13,195],"infrastructure,":[14],"and":[15,41,54,66,99,121,128,132,156,171,178,197],"socio-cultural":[16],"factors.":[17],"Generally,":[18],"infections":[19,44],"a":[23,86,109,141,189],"single":[24],"pathogen,":[25],"but":[26],"the":[29,59,181,204],"shared":[30],"risk":[31],"factors":[32],"for":[33,78,146,192],"transmission,":[34],"co-infections":[35,207],"not":[37],"uncommon.":[38],"The":[39,70,105],"severity":[40],"outcome":[42],"of":[43,58,81,89,92,118,149,206],"adversely":[46],"affected":[47],"by":[48],"co-infection.":[49,183],"Co-infections":[50],"present":[51,85],"as":[52,188],"diagnostic":[53],"therapeutic":[55],"enigmas":[56],"because":[57],"complex":[60],"interaction":[61],"between":[62],"different":[63,82],"pathogens":[64],"involved":[65],"distorted":[67],"host":[68],"responses.":[69],"southeast":[71],"Asian":[72],"region,":[73],"particularly":[74],"Pakistan,":[75],"is":[76],"known":[77],"unique":[79],"combinations":[80],"infections.":[83],"We":[84],"distinctive":[87],"case":[88,107,185],"triple":[90,182],"co-infection":[91],"dengue":[93,150],"virus,":[94,98,151,155],"Crimean-Congo":[95,152],"hemorrhagic":[96],"fever":[97,154],"severe":[100,157],"acute":[101,158],"respiratory":[102,159],"syndrome":[103,160],"coronavirus-2.":[104,161],"index":[106],"was":[108],"60-year-old":[110],"gentleman":[111],"who":[112],"presented":[113],"with":[114],"fever,":[115],"cough,":[116],"shortness":[117],"breath,":[119],"bruises,":[120],"hemoptysis.":[122],"He":[123,162,174],"had":[124],"thrombocytopenia,":[125],"deranged":[126],"liver":[127],"renal":[129],"function,":[130],"coagulopathy,":[131],"infiltrates":[133],"in":[134],"both":[135],"lung":[136],"fields.":[137],"Subsequent":[138],"investigations":[139],"revealed":[140],"positive":[142],"polymerase":[143],"chain":[144],"reaction":[145],"ribonucleic":[147],"acid":[148],"Hemorrhagic":[153],"received":[163],"supportive":[164],"treatment":[165],"including":[166],"antibiotics,":[167],"blood":[168],"products,":[169],"ribavirin,":[170],"supplemental":[172],"oxygen.":[173],"developed":[175],"multi-organ":[176],"failure":[177],"succumbed":[179],"This":[184],"will":[186],"act":[187],"wake-up":[190],"call":[191],"clinicians,":[193],"authorities,":[196],"disease":[199],"specialists":[200],"plan":[202],"before":[203],"volcano":[205],"erupts.":[208]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-09-26T08:19:03.415552","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
