{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4294354936","doi":null,"title":"An analysis of diversity within academic urology leadership.","display_name":"An analysis of diversity within academic urology leadership.","publication_year":2022,"publication_date":"2022-08-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4294354936","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35969723"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"pmid:35969723","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35969723","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"The Canadian journal of urology","raw_type":"Journal Article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5016600136","display_name":"Randy K. Casals","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9280-4839","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9280-4839"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1282516798","display_name":"Atrium Health Wake Forest Baptist","ror":"https://ror.org/04v8djg66","country_code":"US","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1282516798","https://openalex.org/I47251452"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Randy K Casals","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Urology, Wake Forest Baptist Health, Winston-Salem, North Carolina, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Urology, Wake Forest Baptist Health, Winston-Salem, North Carolina, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1282516798"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5011057831","display_name":"Tyler L Overholt","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1354-0378","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1354-0378"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1282516798","display_name":"Atrium Health Wake Forest Baptist","ror":"https://ror.org/04v8djg66","country_code":"US","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1282516798","https://openalex.org/I47251452"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Tyler L Overholt","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Urology, Wake Forest Baptist Health, Winston-Salem, North Carolina, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Urology, Wake Forest Baptist Health, Winston-Salem, North Carolina, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1282516798"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5108920249","display_name":"Catherine Ann Matthews","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2237-6094","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2237-6094"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1282516798","display_name":"Atrium Health Wake Forest Baptist","ror":"https://ror.org/04v8djg66","country_code":"US","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1282516798","https://openalex.org/I47251452"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Catherine A Matthews","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Urology, Wake Forest Baptist Health, Winston-Salem, North Carolina, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Urology, Wake Forest Baptist Health, Winston-Salem, North Carolina, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1282516798"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5084009842","display_name":"Ram Anil Pathak","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0578-2649","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0578-2649","https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7575-9722"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1282516798","display_name":"Atrium Health Wake Forest Baptist","ror":"https://ror.org/04v8djg66","country_code":"US","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1282516798","https://openalex.org/I47251452"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ram A Pathak","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Urology, Wake Forest Baptist Health, Winston-Salem, North Carolina, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Urology, Wake Forest Baptist Health, Winston-Salem, North Carolina, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1282516798"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5058375255","display_name":"John D. McConnell","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1282516798","display_name":"Atrium Health Wake Forest Baptist","ror":"https://ror.org/04v8djg66","country_code":"US","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1282516798","https://openalex.org/I47251452"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"John D McConnell","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Urology, Wake Forest Baptist Health, Winston-Salem, North Carolina, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Urology, Wake Forest Baptist Health, Winston-Salem, North Carolina, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1282516798"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5109097891","display_name":"Matvey Tsivian","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0000-0046-3548","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0009-0000-0046-3548"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1282516798","display_name":"Atrium Health Wake Forest Baptist","ror":"https://ror.org/04v8djg66","country_code":"US","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1282516798","https://openalex.org/I47251452"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Matvey Tsivian","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Urology, Wake Forest Baptist Health, Winston-Salem, North Carolina, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Urology, Wake Forest Baptist Health, Winston-Salem, North Carolina, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1282516798"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1282516798"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.3795,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":4,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.82448852,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":95},"biblio":{"volume":"29","issue":"4","first_page":"11204","last_page":"11208"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10843","display_name":"Diversity and Career in Medicine","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3318","display_name":"Gender Studies"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10843","display_name":"Diversity and Career in Medicine","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3318","display_name":"Gender Studies"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10254","display_name":"Innovations in Medical Education","score":9.999999747378752e-05,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2739","display_name":"Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11047","display_name":"Gender Diversity and Inequality","score":9.999999747378752e-05,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3318","display_name":"Gender Studies"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/gender-diversity","display_name":"gender diversity","score":0.6340000033378601},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/underrepresented-minorities","display_name":"underrepresented minorities","score":0.8640000224113464},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/international-medical-graduates","display_name":"international medical graduates","score":0.9990000128746033},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/women-in-medicine","display_name":"women in medicine","score":0.7590000033378601},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/diversity-equity-and-inclusion","display_name":"diversity, equity, and inclusion","score":0.7580000162124634},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/department-heads","display_name":"department heads","score":0.6660000085830688},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/faculty-demographics","display_name":"faculty demographics","score":0.5389999747276306},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/academic-medicine","display_name":"academic medicine","score":0.46700000762939453}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126894567","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q105650","display_name":"Urology","level":1,"score":0.7206993103027344},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.6653744578361511},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780084366","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q37732","display_name":"Demographics","level":2,"score":0.6484395861625671},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126322002","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11180","display_name":"Internal medicine","level":1,"score":0.5573644638061523},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781316041","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1230584","display_name":"Diversity (politics)","level":2,"score":0.5246620178222656},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2910734998","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25305118","display_name":"Underrepresented Minority","level":2,"score":0.48409736156463623},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C509550671","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q126945","display_name":"Medical education","level":1,"score":0.377034991979599},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C512399662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3505712","display_name":"Family medicine","level":1,"score":0.3226483166217804},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144024400","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21201","display_name":"Sociology","level":0,"score":0.12315607070922852},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C19165224","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q23404","display_name":"Anthropology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149923435","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q37732","display_name":"Demography","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D005180","descriptor_name":"Faculty, Medical","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005260","descriptor_name":"Female","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D007857","descriptor_name":"Leadership","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D008913","descriptor_name":"Minority Groups","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D014481","descriptor_name":"United States","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D014572","descriptor_name":"Urology","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true}],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"pmid:35969723","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35969723","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"The Canadian journal of urology","raw_type":"Journal Article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/10","display_name":"Reduced inequalities","score":0.7578999996185303},{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/5","display_name":"Gender equality","score":0.6025999784469604},{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","display_name":"Good health and well-being","score":0.4000000059604645}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W3189531049","https://openalex.org/W3129712696","https://openalex.org/W4224233542","https://openalex.org/W3093904219","https://openalex.org/W4394801686","https://openalex.org/W3087460445","https://openalex.org/W2743500842","https://openalex.org/W4225249783","https://openalex.org/W4360745461","https://openalex.org/W4410477024"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"INTRODUCTION:":[0],"Women,":[1,43],"underrepresented":[2,9,44,143,224,228],"minorities,":[3,45],"and":[4,25,46,80,97,132,223,245],"international":[5,47,186,234],"medical":[6,27,40,48,124,175,187,213,235],"graduates":[7,49,188,236],"are":[8,226,237],"in":[10,19,50,71,90,95,100,104,110,146,190,209,229,255,258],"urology.":[11,260],"We":[12],"sought":[13],"to":[14,22,65,74,114,150,165,194],"compare":[15,66],"demographics":[16],"of":[17,34,68],"leaders":[18],"academic":[20,26,39,75,77,81,91,115,123,133,151,196,230,259],"urology":[21,23,72,101,111,116,147,166,191],"faculty":[24,41,89,99,167,176],"faculty.":[28],"MATERIALS":[29],"AND":[30],"METHODS:":[31],"The":[32],"Association":[33],"American":[35],"Medical":[36],"Colleges":[37],"provided":[38],"demographics.":[42],"leadership":[51,73,96,112,125,148,177,192,210,232,256],"roles":[52],"(department/division":[53],"chair":[54],"or":[55,174],"full":[56],"professor)":[57],"were":[58,63,87,109,145,189],"identified.":[59],"Fisher's":[60],"exact":[61],"tests":[62],"performed":[64],"proportions":[67],"those":[69,208],"groups":[70],"urology,":[76,197],"medicine":[78,92,134,152],"leadership,":[79],"medicine.":[82],"RESULTS:":[83],"In":[84],"2019,":[85],"there":[86],"179,105":[88],"with":[93,102,159],"41,766":[94],"1,614":[98],"567":[103],"leadership.":[105],"Significantly":[106,141,184],"fewer":[107,142,206],"women":[108],"compared":[113,149,164,193],"(7.4%":[117,126,135],"vs.":[118,127,136,154,169,179,199,216],"22.0%,":[119],"p":[120,129,138,156,171,181,201,218],"<":[121,130,139],"0.0001),":[122,131],"25.0%,":[128],"42.0%,":[137],"0.0001).":[140,220],"minorities":[144,225],"(6.9%":[153,168,178],"9.4%,":[155],"=":[157,172,182,202,219],"0.04)":[158],"no":[160],"significant":[161],"difference":[162],"when":[163],"8.1%,":[170],"0.4)":[173],"6.4%,":[180],"0.6).":[183],"more":[185],"across":[195,211],"(32%":[198,215],"24%,":[200],"0.0006),":[203],"but":[204],"significantly":[205,227],"than":[207],"all":[212],"specialties":[214],"40%,":[217],"CONCLUSIONS:":[221],"Women":[222],"urologic":[231],"while":[233],"statistically":[238],"overrepresented.":[239],"Considering":[240],"calls":[241],"for":[242,252],"diversity,":[243],"equity,":[244],"inclusion,":[246],"these":[247],"data":[248],"highlight":[249],"a":[250],"need":[251],"increased":[253],"representation":[254],"positions":[257]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-10-31T12:09:11.096373","created_date":"2022-09-03T00:00:00"}