{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4294200477","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1192/j.eurpsy.2022.1463","title":"Is TikTok increasing the number of self-diagnoses of ADHD in young people?","display_name":"Is TikTok increasing the number of self-diagnoses of ADHD in young people?","publication_year":2022,"publication_date":"2022-06-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4294200477","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1192/j.eurpsy.2022.1463","pmcid":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/9567752"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1192/j.eurpsy.2022.1463","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1192/j.eurpsy.2022.1463","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1192/j.eurpsy.2022.1463","pdf_url":"https://www.cambridge.org/core/services/aop-cambridge-core/content/view/3A287F5B52A610F7893FDBAB460D243F/S0924933822014638a.pdf/div-class-title-is-tiktok-increasing-the-number-of-self-diagnoses-of-adhd-in-young-people-div.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S87202501","display_name":"European Psychiatry","issn_l":"0924-9338","issn":["0924-9338","1778-3585"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","doaj","dongbi-c","doyens","jufo-2","ki-jl-2","medline","norway-2","oarl","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310311721","host_organization_name":"Cambridge University Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310311721","https://openalex.org/P4310311702"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Cambridge University Press","University of Cambridge"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"European Psychiatry","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"conference-abstract","is_traditional":false,"indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.cambridge.org/core/services/aop-cambridge-core/content/view/3A287F5B52A610F7893FDBAB460D243F/S0924933822014638a.pdf/div-class-title-is-tiktok-increasing-the-number-of-self-diagnoses-of-adhd-in-young-people-div.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5021662841","display_name":"R. Gilmore","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1118541","display_name":"University of East Anglia","ror":"https://ror.org/026k5mg93","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1118541"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"R. Gilmore","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of East Anglia, Norwich Medical School, Norwich, United Kingdom"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of East Anglia, Norwich Medical School, Norwich, United Kingdom","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1118541"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5085560138","display_name":"J. Beezhold","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1118541","display_name":"University of East Anglia","ror":"https://ror.org/026k5mg93","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1118541"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"J. Beezhold","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of East Anglia, Norwich Medical School, Norwich, United Kingdom"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of East Anglia, Norwich Medical School, Norwich, United Kingdom","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1118541"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5048522602","display_name":"Victoria Selwyn","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5278-2548","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5278-2548"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1118541","display_name":"University of East Anglia","ror":"https://ror.org/026k5mg93","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1118541"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"V. Selwyn","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of East Anglia, Norwich Medical School, Norwich, United Kingdom"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of East Anglia, Norwich Medical School, Norwich, United Kingdom","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1118541"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5021586880","display_name":"R. Howard","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1118541","display_name":"University of East Anglia","ror":"https://ror.org/026k5mg93","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1118541"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"R. Howard","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of East Anglia, Norwich Medical School, Norwich, United Kingdom"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of East Anglia, Norwich Medical School, Norwich, United Kingdom","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1118541"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5066818861","display_name":"Irene Bartolom\u00e9","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1118541","display_name":"University of East Anglia","ror":"https://ror.org/026k5mg93","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1118541"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"I. Bartolome","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of East Anglia, Norwich Medical School, Norwich, United Kingdom"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of East Anglia, Norwich Medical School, Norwich, United Kingdom","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1118541"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5063662345","display_name":"N. Henderson","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1118541","display_name":"University of East Anglia","ror":"https://ror.org/026k5mg93","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1118541"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"N. Henderson","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of East Anglia, Norwich Medical School, Norwich, United Kingdom"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of East Anglia, Norwich Medical School, Norwich, United Kingdom","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1118541"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5021662841"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1118541"],"apc_list":{"value":2575,"currency":"USD","value_usd":2575},"apc_paid":{"value":2575,"currency":"USD","value_usd":2575},"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":62,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"65","issue":"S1","first_page":"S571","last_page":"S571"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10355","display_name":"Impact of Technology on Adolescents","score":0.739300012588501,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3312","display_name":"Sociology and Political Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10355","display_name":"Impact of Technology on Adolescents","score":0.739300012588501,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3312","display_name":"Sociology and Political Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12027","display_name":"Social Media in Health Education","score":0.13510000705718994,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3306","display_name":"Health"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10537","display_name":"Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder","score":0.08619999885559082,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2738","display_name":"Psychiatry and Mental health"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/tiktok","display_name":"TikTok","score":0.8360000252723694},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/attention-deficit-hyperactivity-disorder","display_name":"attention deficit hyperactivity disorder","score":0.8939999938011169},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/self-diagnosis","display_name":"self-diagnosis","score":0.996999979019165},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/youth","display_name":"youth","score":0.8529999852180481},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/social-media","display_name":"social media","score":0.7889999747276306},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/twitter","display_name":"Twitter","score":0.6029999852180481},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/online-health-information","display_name":"online health information","score":0.5429999828338623},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mental-health-stigma","display_name":"mental health stigma","score":0.8899999856948853},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/quality-of-life","display_name":"quality of life","score":0.5929999947547913}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C534262118","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q177719","display_name":"Medical diagnosis","level":2,"score":0.6164213418960571},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.5665233135223389},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134362201","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q317309","display_name":"Mental health","level":2,"score":0.5211189389228821},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C118552586","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7867","display_name":"Psychiatry","level":1,"score":0.49493545293807983},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C175202939","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2892912","display_name":"Self-disclosure","level":2,"score":0.4841673970222473},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779951463","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7268788","display_name":"Quality of life (healthcare)","level":2,"score":0.45834633708000183},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C70410870","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q199906","display_name":"Clinical psychology","level":1,"score":0.37080150842666626},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.3397538363933563},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77805123","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q161272","display_name":"Social psychology","level":1,"score":0.17842864990234375},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C542102704","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q183257","display_name":"Psychotherapist","level":1,"score":0.12624281644821167},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142724271","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7208","display_name":"Pathology","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1192/j.eurpsy.2022.1463","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1192/j.eurpsy.2022.1463","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1192/j.eurpsy.2022.1463","pdf_url":"https://www.cambridge.org/core/services/aop-cambridge-core/content/view/3A287F5B52A610F7893FDBAB460D243F/S0924933822014638a.pdf/div-class-title-is-tiktok-increasing-the-number-of-self-diagnoses-of-adhd-in-young-people-div.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S87202501","display_name":"European Psychiatry","issn_l":"0924-9338","issn":["0924-9338","1778-3585"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","doaj","dongbi-c","doyens","jufo-2","ki-jl-2","medline","norway-2","oarl","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310311721","host_organization_name":"Cambridge University Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310311721","https://openalex.org/P4310311702"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Cambridge University Press","University of Cambridge"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"European Psychiatry","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:9567752","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC9567752/","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Eur Psychiatry","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:3f07f261887c4f068425151d02728e0b","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/3f07f261887c4f068425151d02728e0b","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"European Psychiatry, Vol 65, Pp S571-S571 (2022)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1192/j.eurpsy.2022.1463","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1192/j.eurpsy.2022.1463","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1192/j.eurpsy.2022.1463","pdf_url":"https://www.cambridge.org/core/services/aop-cambridge-core/content/view/3A287F5B52A610F7893FDBAB460D243F/S0924933822014638a.pdf/div-class-title-is-tiktok-increasing-the-number-of-self-diagnoses-of-adhd-in-young-people-div.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S87202501","display_name":"European Psychiatry","issn_l":"0924-9338","issn":["0924-9338","1778-3585"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","doaj","dongbi-c","doyens","jufo-2","ki-jl-2","medline","norway-2","oarl","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310311721","host_organization_name":"Cambridge University Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310311721","https://openalex.org/P4310311702"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Cambridge University Press","University of Cambridge"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"European Psychiatry","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","display_name":"Good health and well-being","score":1.0}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4294200477.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4294200477.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W7207829427","https://openalex.org/W7112147805","https://openalex.org/W4409672787","https://openalex.org/W4408614688","https://openalex.org/W7166126524","https://openalex.org/W4411988293","https://openalex.org/W6986508873","https://openalex.org/W7161538295","https://openalex.org/W7139027793","https://openalex.org/W7125985395"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Introduction":[0],"TikTok":[1,14,43,58,85,105,150,194],"is":[2,95],"a":[3,25,32],"free":[4],"mobile":[5],"application,":[6],"that":[7],"enables":[8],"users":[9,54,159],"to":[10,65,71,78,96,132,163],"create":[11],"short":[12],"videos.":[13,195],"has":[15,30,44],"an":[16],"estimated":[17],"one":[18],"billion":[19,46],"monthly":[20],"active":[21],"users,":[22],"comprised":[23],"of":[24,104,108,134,144,146,173,181,205,235],"mostly":[26],"younger":[27],"audience.":[28],"There":[29],"been":[31],"noticed":[33],"rise":[34],"in":[35,82,110,179],"content":[36,59,103],"discussing":[37,141],"ADHD":[38,41,61,102,109,147,191,227],"\u2013":[39],"hashtag":[40],"on":[42,51,215,232],"6.3":[45],"views.":[47],"The":[48],"discussions":[49,83],"continue":[50],"Twitter,":[52],"where":[53],"are":[55,189,229],"reporting":[56],"watching":[57,149],"explaining":[60],"symptomatology,":[62],"subsequently":[63],"relating":[64,131,153],"the":[66,98,122,155,177,203,206,213],"condition":[67],"and":[68,86,88,106,125,127,152,176],"requesting":[69],"referrals":[70],"specialist":[72],"psychiatry":[73],"services.":[74],"This":[75,92,196],"study":[76],"aims":[77],"identify":[79],"key":[80,129],"themes":[81,130],"around":[84],"ADHD,":[87],"its":[89],"ramifications.":[90],"Objectives":[91],"study\u2019s":[93],"objective":[94],"discuss":[97],"relationship":[99],"between":[100],"viewing":[101,193],"self-diagnoses":[107],"young":[111,187],"people.":[112],"Methods":[113],"In":[114],"our":[115],"study,":[116],"Twitter":[117],"posts":[118,169],"were":[119,139],"identified":[120],"with":[121,154,223],"words":[123],"\u2018ADHD\u2019":[124],"\u2018TikTok\u2019":[126],"established":[128],"self-diagnosis":[133,145],"ADHD.":[135],"Results":[136],"Numerous":[137],"tweets":[138],"found":[140],"individual\u2019s":[142],"experiences":[143],"after":[148,192],"videos":[151],"symptomology.":[156],"Furthermore,":[157,212],"many":[158],"discussed":[160],"their":[161,233],"efforts":[162],"seek":[164],"diagnosis":[165],"from":[166],"psychiatrists.":[167],"These":[168],"highlighted":[170],"positive":[171],"discussion":[172],"mental":[174,199],"health,":[175],"improvement":[178],"quality":[180,234],"life":[182],"since":[183],"diagnosis.":[184],"Conclusions":[185],"Many":[186],"people":[188],"self-diagnosing":[190],"may":[197],"improve":[198],"health":[200],"stigma,":[201],"however":[202],"expertise":[204],"video":[207],"creators":[208],"should":[209,220],"be":[210,221],"scrutinised.":[211],"impact":[214],"already":[216],"stretched":[217],"waiting":[218],"lists":[219],"considered,":[222],"individuals":[224],"who\u2019s":[225],"perceived":[226],"traits":[228],"not":[230],"impacting":[231],"life.":[236],"Disclosure":[237],"No":[238],"significant":[239],"relationships.":[240]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":19},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":23},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":15},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":5}],"updated_date":"2026-11-11T12:16:26.678958","created_date":"2022-09-02T00:00:00"}