{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4294030573","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0100562","title":"The impact of rapid thermal annealing for the ferroelectricity of undoped sputtered HfO2 and its wake-up effect","display_name":"The impact of rapid thermal annealing for the ferroelectricity of undoped sputtered HfO2 and its wake-up effect","publication_year":2022,"publication_date":"2022-09-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4294030573","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0100562"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1063/5.0100562","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0100562","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0100562","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S187991544","display_name":"Journal of Applied Physics","issn_l":"0021-8979","issn":["0021-8979","1089-7550","1520-8850"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-d","jufo-1","norway-1","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320257","host_organization_name":"American Institute of Physics","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320257"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["American Institute of Physics"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Applied Physics","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5042899176","display_name":"Ole Gronenberg","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0003-0232-1078","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0009-0003-0232-1078"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I32021983","display_name":"Christian-Albrechts-Universit\u00e4t zu Kiel","ror":"https://ror.org/04v76ef78","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I32021983"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"O. Gronenberg","raw_affiliation_strings":["Synthesis and Real Structure, Institute for Materials Science, Faculty of Engineering, Kiel University 1 , 24143 Kiel, Germany"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Synthesis and Real Structure, Institute for Materials Science, Faculty of Engineering, Kiel University 1 , 24143 Kiel, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I32021983"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5014530284","display_name":"Richard Marquardt","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1105-9289","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1105-9289"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I32021983","display_name":"Christian-Albrechts-Universit\u00e4t zu Kiel","ror":"https://ror.org/04v76ef78","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I32021983"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"R. Marquardt","raw_affiliation_strings":["Nanoelectronics, Institute of Electrical Engineering and Information Engineering, Kiel University 2 , 24143 Kiel, Germany"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Nanoelectronics, Institute of Electrical Engineering and Information Engineering, Kiel University 2 , 24143 Kiel, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I32021983"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5014014965","display_name":"Rouven Lamprecht","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0000-2324-6714","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0009-0000-2324-6714"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I32021983","display_name":"Christian-Albrechts-Universit\u00e4t zu Kiel","ror":"https://ror.org/04v76ef78","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I32021983"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"R. Lamprecht","raw_affiliation_strings":["Nanoelectronics, Institute of Electrical Engineering and Information Engineering, Kiel University 2 , 24143 Kiel, Germany"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Nanoelectronics, Institute of Electrical Engineering and Information Engineering, Kiel University 2 , 24143 Kiel, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I32021983"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5013400788","display_name":"Y. Ekici","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I32021983","display_name":"Christian-Albrechts-Universit\u00e4t zu Kiel","ror":"https://ror.org/04v76ef78","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I32021983"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Y. Ekici","raw_affiliation_strings":["Synthesis and Real Structure, Institute for Materials Science, Faculty of Engineering, Kiel University 1 , 24143 Kiel, Germany"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Synthesis and Real Structure, Institute for Materials Science, Faculty of Engineering, Kiel University 1 , 24143 Kiel, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I32021983"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5054341679","display_name":"Ulrich Sch\u00fcrmann","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I32021983","display_name":"Christian-Albrechts-Universit\u00e4t zu Kiel","ror":"https://ror.org/04v76ef78","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I32021983"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"U. Sch\u00fcrmann","raw_affiliation_strings":["Synthesis and Real Structure, Institute for Materials Science, Faculty of Engineering, Kiel University 1 , 24143 Kiel, Germany"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Synthesis and Real Structure, Institute for Materials Science, Faculty of Engineering, Kiel University 1 , 24143 Kiel, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I32021983"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5041996726","display_name":"H. Kohlstedt","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5181-8633","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5181-8633"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I32021983","display_name":"Christian-Albrechts-Universit\u00e4t zu Kiel","ror":"https://ror.org/04v76ef78","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I32021983"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"H. Kohlstedt","raw_affiliation_strings":["Nanoelectronics, Institute of Electrical Engineering and Information Engineering, Kiel University 2 , 24143 Kiel, Germany"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5181-8633","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Nanoelectronics, Institute of Electrical Engineering and Information Engineering, Kiel University 2 , 24143 Kiel, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I32021983"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5041200678","display_name":"Lorenz Kienle","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9638-3290","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9638-3290"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I32021983","display_name":"Christian-Albrechts-Universit\u00e4t zu Kiel","ror":"https://ror.org/04v76ef78","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I32021983"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"L. Kienle","raw_affiliation_strings":["Synthesis and Real Structure, Institute for Materials Science, Faculty of Engineering, Kiel University 1 , 24143 Kiel, Germany"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9638-3290","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Synthesis and Real Structure, Institute for Materials Science, Faculty of Engineering, Kiel University 1 , 24143 Kiel, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I32021983"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5041200678"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I32021983"],"apc_list":{"value":3500,"currency":"USD","value_usd":3500},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.8175,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":17,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.66924645,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":95,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"132","issue":"9","first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12808","display_name":"Ferroelectric and Negative Capacitance Devices","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12808","display_name":"Ferroelectric and Negative Capacitance Devices","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10472","display_name":"Semiconductor materials and devices","score":0.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10107","display_name":"Ferroelectric and Piezoelectric Materials","score":0.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2505","display_name":"Materials Chemistry"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/25","display_name":"Materials Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ferroelectric-hfo2","display_name":"ferroelectric HfO2","score":0.843999981880188},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wake-up-effect","display_name":"wake-up effect","score":0.9810000061988831},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/rapid-thermal-annealing","display_name":"rapid thermal annealing","score":0.9549999833106995},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/remnant-polarization","display_name":"remnant polarization","score":0.8080000281333923},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/tin-electrodes","display_name":"TiN electrodes","score":0.7170000076293945},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/grain-orientation","display_name":"grain orientation","score":0.8190000057220459},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ferroelastic-domain-switching","display_name":"ferroelastic domain switching","score":0.9259999990463257},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/polarization-switching","display_name":"polarization switching","score":0.47600001096725464},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/defect-concentration","display_name":"defect concentration","score":0.6140000224113464},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/microstructure","display_name":"microstructure","score":0.5379999876022339}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C79090758","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1045739","display_name":"Ferroelectricity","level":3,"score":0.8188628554344177},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192562407","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228736","display_name":"Materials science","level":0,"score":0.7254395484924316},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777855556","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4339544","display_name":"Annealing (glass)","level":2,"score":0.6911196112632751},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205049153","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2698605","display_name":"Polarization (electrochemistry)","level":2,"score":0.5724043846130371},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C173523689","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q215589","display_name":"Dipole","level":2,"score":0.42514997720718384},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C26873012","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q214781","display_name":"Condensed matter physics","level":1,"score":0.3693373203277588},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C49040817","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193091","display_name":"Optoelectronics","level":1,"score":0.3616524934768677},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C133386390","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q184996","display_name":"Dielectric","level":2,"score":0.2570146322250366},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159985019","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q181790","display_name":"Composite material","level":1,"score":0.24410900473594666},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.154475599527359},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C147789679","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11372","display_name":"Physical chemistry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C178790620","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11351","display_name":"Organic chemistry","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1063/5.0100562","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0100562","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0100562","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S187991544","display_name":"Journal of Applied Physics","issn_l":"0021-8979","issn":["0021-8979","1089-7550","1520-8850"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-d","jufo-1","norway-1","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320257","host_organization_name":"American Institute of Physics","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320257"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["American Institute of Physics"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Applied Physics","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7806779314","display_name":"SFB 1461: Neuroelektronik: Biologisch inspirierte Informationsverarbeitung","funder_award_id":"434434223","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320879","funder_display_name":"Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320879","display_name":"Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft","ror":"https://ror.org/018mejw64"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":65,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W597886269","https://openalex.org/W1628672899","https://openalex.org/W1636395677","https://openalex.org/W1961772386","https://openalex.org/W1981617496","https://openalex.org/W1985130467","https://openalex.org/W2009676411","https://openalex.org/W2011684982","https://openalex.org/W2018452678","https://openalex.org/W2024600253","https://openalex.org/W2026711063","https://openalex.org/W2044942009","https://openalex.org/W2049111035","https://openalex.org/W2056099944","https://openalex.org/W2065586390","https://openalex.org/W2068554424","https://openalex.org/W2077212619","https://openalex.org/W2095024313","https://openalex.org/W2295632285","https://openalex.org/W2334220755","https://openalex.org/W2346962696","https://openalex.org/W2473045264","https://openalex.org/W2483506684","https://openalex.org/W2487544860","https://openalex.org/W2618981230","https://openalex.org/W2621540248","https://openalex.org/W2768000314","https://openalex.org/W2769564332","https://openalex.org/W2795975403","https://openalex.org/W2806665830","https://openalex.org/W2884364679","https://openalex.org/W2899544551","https://openalex.org/W2900794478","https://openalex.org/W2907392033","https://openalex.org/W2911996398","https://openalex.org/W2914148994","https://openalex.org/W2926856315","https://openalex.org/W2942727208","https://openalex.org/W2953912193","https://openalex.org/W2964715359","https://openalex.org/W2969157225","https://openalex.org/W2973443493","https://openalex.org/W2980336784","https://openalex.org/W2990400855","https://openalex.org/W3025101079","https://openalex.org/W3028511488","https://openalex.org/W3048027067","https://openalex.org/W3083674471","https://openalex.org/W3087245689","https://openalex.org/W3089833991","https://openalex.org/W3106349905","https://openalex.org/W3119722285","https://openalex.org/W3124971593","https://openalex.org/W3126777165","https://openalex.org/W3131455214","https://openalex.org/W3137639454","https://openalex.org/W3141027850","https://openalex.org/W3152816201","https://openalex.org/W3193628930","https://openalex.org/W3200247931","https://openalex.org/W3217539448","https://openalex.org/W4205857636","https://openalex.org/W4207025884","https://openalex.org/W4210599653","https://openalex.org/W4246749317"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W3197307102","https://openalex.org/W3141027850","https://openalex.org/W3107671814","https://openalex.org/W4367061023","https://openalex.org/W2295632285","https://openalex.org/W4310584584","https://openalex.org/W2969602497","https://openalex.org/W4382703356","https://openalex.org/W2346962696","https://openalex.org/W4307353527"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Fundamental":[0],"aspects":[1],"of":[2,27,48,52,74,120,132,195],"ferroelectric":[3,50,69],"HfO2,":[4],"a":[5,59,146,159,178],"fluorite-type":[6],"oxide,":[7],"are":[8,87],"not":[9],"understood":[10],"yet.":[11],"This":[12],"is":[13],"evident":[14],"by":[15,91],"different":[16,31,68,112],"theories":[17],"regarding,":[18],"e.g.,":[19],"the":[20,24,49,78,84,118,121,127,133,138,155,208,214,219],"wake-up":[21,79,142,161,189,220],"effect":[22,162,190],"or":[23,33],"antiferroelectric-like":[25],"behavior":[26],"HfO2":[28,43,134],"manufactured":[29],"with":[30,145,163,200],"doping":[32],"deposition":[34],"techniques.":[35],"Therefore,":[36],"we":[37,185],"focus":[38],"on":[39,58,96],"sputtered":[40],"and":[41,77,98,124,129],"undoped":[42],"to":[44,67,89,169,191,203],"gain":[45],"deeper":[46],"understanding":[47],"properties":[51],"pure":[53],"HfO2.":[54],"A":[55],"temperature":[56,113],"gradient":[57],"10\u00d710mm2":[60],"substrate":[61],"during":[62],"rapid":[63],"thermal":[64],"annealing":[65],"led":[66],"device":[70],"performances":[71],"in":[72,101,106,182,213],"terms":[73],"remnant":[75,147,164],"polarization":[76,148,165,202],"effect.":[80,221],"The":[81],"results":[82],"from":[83,137,154,167],"electrical":[85],"characterization":[86],"compared":[88],"observations":[90],"transmission":[92],"electron":[93],"microscopy,":[94],"performed":[95],"pristine":[97,196],"trained":[99,183],"samples":[100],"plan-view":[102],"as":[103,105],"well":[104],"cross":[107],"section.":[108],"We":[109],"observed":[110],"that":[111],"treatments":[114],"caused":[115],"effects":[116],"at":[117],"interfaces":[119],"TiN":[122],"electrodes":[123],"also":[125],"affected":[126],"microstructure":[128],"defect":[130],"concentration":[131],"itself.":[135],"Devices":[136],"hot":[139,215],"corner":[140,157,216],"showed":[141,158],"free":[143],"ferroelectricity":[144],"below":[149],"10":[150],"\u03bcC/cm2,":[151],"whereas":[152],"devices":[153],"cold":[156],"strong":[160,188],"starting":[166],"0":[168],"above":[170],"20":[171],"\u03bcC/cm2":[172],"after":[173],"106":[174],"cycles.":[175],"After":[176],"observing":[177],"small":[179],"structural":[180],"transformation":[181],"devices,":[184],"attributed":[186],"this":[187],"gradual":[192],"ferroelastic":[193],"switching":[194],"[110]":[197],"oriented":[198,211],"grains":[199,212],"in-plane":[201],"partially":[204],"out-of-plane":[205],"polarization,":[206],"while":[207],"predominantly":[209],"\u27e8111\u27e9":[210],"can":[217],"suppress":[218]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":4}],"updated_date":"2026-11-04T10:54:05.112534","created_date":"2022-09-01T00:00:00"}
