{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4293403540","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvman.2022.116080","title":"Does R&D element flow promote the spatial convergence of regional carbon efficiency?","display_name":"Does R&D element flow promote the spatial convergence of regional carbon efficiency?","publication_year":2022,"publication_date":"2022-08-28","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4293403540","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvman.2022.116080","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/36044825"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1016/j.jenvman.2022.116080","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvman.2022.116080","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvman.2022.116080","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S44455300","display_name":"Journal of Environmental Management","issn_l":"0301-4797","issn":["0301-4797","1095-8630"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-c","fnege-2","jufo-2","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","poland-200","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Environmental Management","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.4139583","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5090119082","display_name":"Hua Shang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4278-4512","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4278-4512"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I27357992","display_name":"Dalian University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/023hj5876","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I27357992"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hua Shang","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Economics and Management, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, Liaoning Province, 116024, China. Electronic address: shanghua@dlut.edu.cn"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Economics and Management, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, Liaoning Province, 116024, China. Electronic address: shanghua@dlut.edu.cn","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I27357992"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5060236348","display_name":"Li Jiang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1328-2986","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1328-2986"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I27357992","display_name":"Dalian University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/023hj5876","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I27357992"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Li Jiang","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Economics and Management, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, Liaoning Province, 116024, China. Electronic address: jiangli97@mail.dlut.edu.cn"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1328-2986","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Economics and Management, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, Liaoning Province, 116024, China. Electronic address: jiangli97@mail.dlut.edu.cn","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I27357992"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5019540226","display_name":"Xiongfeng Pan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0350-0663","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0350-0663"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I27357992","display_name":"Dalian University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/023hj5876","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I27357992"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xiongfeng Pan","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Economics and Management, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, Liaoning Province, 116024, China. Electronic address: xiongfengpan@163.com"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Economics and Management, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, Liaoning Province, 116024, China. Electronic address: xiongfengpan@163.com","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I27357992"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5060236348"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I27357992"],"apc_list":{"value":3590,"currency":"USD","value_usd":3590},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":4.5917,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":36,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.95210931,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":98,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"322","issue":null,"first_page":"116080","last_page":"116080"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10357","display_name":"Efficiency Analysis Using DEA","score":0.5547000169754028,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1803","display_name":"Management Science and Operations Research"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/18","display_name":"Decision Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10357","display_name":"Efficiency Analysis Using DEA","score":0.5547000169754028,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1803","display_name":"Management Science and Operations Research"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/18","display_name":"Decision Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10438","display_name":"Energy, Environment, Economic Growth","score":0.4147999882698059,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2002","display_name":"Economics and Econometrics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/20","display_name":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10435","display_name":"Environmental Impact and Sustainability","score":0.00860000029206276,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2305","display_name":"Environmental Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/spatial-convergence","display_name":"spatial convergence","score":0.9909999966621399},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/gravity-model","display_name":"gravity model","score":0.7699999809265137},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/undesirable-outputs","display_name":"undesirable outputs","score":0.765999972820282},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/spatial-durbin-model","display_name":"spatial Durbin model","score":0.8009999990463257},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/regional-disparities","display_name":"regional disparities","score":0.8650000095367432},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/carbon-neutrality","display_name":"carbon neutrality","score":0.7570000290870667},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/chinese-provinces-and-cities","display_name":"Chinese provinces and cities","score":0.796999990940094}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C140205800","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5860","display_name":"Carbon fibers","level":3,"score":0.5913981199264526},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777303404","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q759757","display_name":"Convergence (economics)","level":2,"score":0.5645195841789246},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38349280","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1434290","display_name":"Flow (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.5271795988082886},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C191935318","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q148","display_name":"China","level":2,"score":0.4529522657394409},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C200288055","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2621792","display_name":"Element (criminal law)","level":2,"score":0.43648481369018555},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777016058","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7574061","display_name":"Spatial distribution","level":2,"score":0.4185810983181},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39432304","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188847","display_name":"Environmental science","level":0,"score":0.3921099603176117},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205649164","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1071","display_name":"Geography","level":0,"score":0.3144122362136841},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.3016560673713684},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.30020856857299805},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.1564624011516571},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2524010","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8087","display_name":"Geometry","level":1,"score":0.12755665183067322},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C139719470","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q39680","display_name":"Macroeconomics","level":1,"score":0.10149458050727844},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.09664472937583923},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.0916944146156311},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C104779481","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q50707","display_name":"Composite number","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C166957645","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q23498","display_name":"Archaeology","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D002244","descriptor_name":"Carbon","qualifier_ui":"Q000032","qualifier_name":"analysis","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D002681","descriptor_name":"China","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D002947","descriptor_name":"Cities","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D004526","descriptor_name":"Efficiency","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D057217","descriptor_name":"Economic Development","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D062206","descriptor_name":"Spatial Analysis","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false}],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1016/j.jenvman.2022.116080","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvman.2022.116080","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvman.2022.116080","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S44455300","display_name":"Journal of Environmental Management","issn_l":"0301-4797","issn":["0301-4797","1095-8630"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-c","fnege-2","jufo-2","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","poland-200","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Environmental Management","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"doi:10.2139/ssrn.4139583","doi":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.4139583","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.4139583","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210172589","display_name":"SSRN Electronic Journal","issn_l":"1556-5068","issn":["1556-5068"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1318003438","host_organization_name":"RELX Group (Netherlands)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1318003438"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"acceptedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"posted-content"},{"id":"pmid:36044825","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/36044825","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of environmental management","raw_type":"Journal Article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.2139/ssrn.4139583","doi":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.4139583","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.4139583","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210172589","display_name":"SSRN Electronic Journal","issn_l":"1556-5068","issn":["1556-5068"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1318003438","host_organization_name":"RELX Group (Netherlands)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1318003438"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"acceptedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"posted-content"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.7207000255584717,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/9","display_name":"Industry, innovation and infrastructure"},{"score":0.5351999998092651,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/13","display_name":"Climate action"}],"sustainable_development_goals_aurora":[{"score":0.41999998688697815,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/9","display_name":"Industry, innovation and infrastructure"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":135,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W272967902","https://openalex.org/W634432896","https://openalex.org/W656779199","https://openalex.org/W849670499","https://openalex.org/W1487970575","https://openalex.org/W1493463543","https://openalex.org/W1511351087","https://openalex.org/W1514405370","https://openalex.org/W1531609150","https://openalex.org/W1898487769","https://openalex.org/W1965371606","https://openalex.org/W1965587578","https://openalex.org/W1966210581","https://openalex.org/W1983095876","https://openalex.org/W1985143386","https://openalex.org/W1994027618","https://openalex.org/W2000395748","https://openalex.org/W2004988933","https://openalex.org/W2010099572","https://openalex.org/W2011468941","https://openalex.org/W2015040770","https://openalex.org/W2031997379","https://openalex.org/W2044669368","https://openalex.org/W2055114027","https://openalex.org/W2056196041","https://openalex.org/W2056639444","https://openalex.org/W2060165102","https://openalex.org/W2062468605","https://openalex.org/W2066734320","https://openalex.org/W2067326834","https://openalex.org/W2072966112","https://openalex.org/W2080373523","https://openalex.org/W2080835646","https://openalex.org/W2086188213","https://openalex.org/W2086422237","https://openalex.org/W2087441485","https://openalex.org/W2088707297","https://openalex.org/W2094046914","https://openalex.org/W2100194699","https://openalex.org/W2118508482","https://openalex.org/W2121409740","https://openalex.org/W2122715295","https://openalex.org/W2128469638","https://openalex.org/W2143585157","https://openalex.org/W2144154650","https://openalex.org/W2153464267","https://openalex.org/W2155050419","https://openalex.org/W2159507646","https://openalex.org/W2165525421","https://openalex.org/W2165598812","https://openalex.org/W2171650106","https://openalex.org/W2203790126","https://openalex.org/W2268263548","https://openalex.org/W2276340038","https://openalex.org/W2280724580","https://openalex.org/W2294868480","https://openalex.org/W2322865823","https://openalex.org/W2473552160","https://openalex.org/W2553714148","https://openalex.org/W2560730705","https://openalex.org/W2590491435","https://openalex.org/W2766921500","https://openalex.org/W2768835261","https://openalex.org/W2779818077","https://openalex.org/W2783465736","https://openalex.org/W2784198006","https://openalex.org/W2809460335","https://openalex.org/W2884771419","https://openalex.org/W2897726596","https://openalex.org/W2902180621","https://openalex.org/W2907213570","https://openalex.org/W2910559415","https://openalex.org/W2916313820","https://openalex.org/W2919317285","https://openalex.org/W2920611200","https://openalex.org/W2920805893","https://openalex.org/W2921992914","https://openalex.org/W2941205506","https://openalex.org/W2944117100","https://openalex.org/W2951878051","https://openalex.org/W2965448492","https://openalex.org/W2972468753","https://openalex.org/W2972998160","https://openalex.org/W2975585779","https://openalex.org/W2988844416","https://openalex.org/W2991061618","https://openalex.org/W2998646890","https://openalex.org/W3000337844","https://openalex.org/W3005826125","https://openalex.org/W3013996935","https://openalex.org/W3036584312","https://openalex.org/W3036634063","https://openalex.org/W3037419845","https://openalex.org/W3043893371","https://openalex.org/W3045688586","https://openalex.org/W3048259760","https://openalex.org/W3049689639","https://openalex.org/W3080548824","https://openalex.org/W3087008296","https://openalex.org/W3096240702","https://openalex.org/W3096396710","https://openalex.org/W3098898450","https://openalex.org/W3104298728","https://openalex.org/W3114983715","https://openalex.org/W3118979884","https://openalex.org/W3121527737","https://openalex.org/W3121794982","https://openalex.org/W3124023342","https://openalex.org/W3125222402","https://openalex.org/W3129804797","https://openalex.org/W3136981763","https://openalex.org/W3142818085","https://openalex.org/W3159603371","https://openalex.org/W3166792191","https://openalex.org/W3171596918","https://openalex.org/W3181534183","https://openalex.org/W3184588355","https://openalex.org/W3185762508","https://openalex.org/W3190726203","https://openalex.org/W3195350777","https://openalex.org/W3202342722","https://openalex.org/W3205461066","https://openalex.org/W3208291975","https://openalex.org/W3209483399","https://openalex.org/W4200548101","https://openalex.org/W4205913752","https://openalex.org/W4211113766","https://openalex.org/W4220782919","https://openalex.org/W4221019933","https://openalex.org/W4224278918","https://openalex.org/W4225247962","https://openalex.org/W4250710099","https://openalex.org/W4293542830","https://openalex.org/W6788639723","https://openalex.org/W7024238345"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4226154473","https://openalex.org/W4411830628","https://openalex.org/W4413401984","https://openalex.org/W2955255475","https://openalex.org/W4223601164","https://openalex.org/W4296450747","https://openalex.org/W4297198630","https://openalex.org/W2113127001","https://openalex.org/W4316464774","https://openalex.org/W4402174599"],"abstract_inverted_index":null,"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":11},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":13},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":6}],"updated_date":"2026-10-31T12:09:11.096373","created_date":"2022-08-28T00:00:00"}