{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4293340751","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcomc.2022.100310","title":"Determination of as-built properties of fiber reinforced polymers in a wind turbine blade using scanning electron and high-resolution X-ray microscopy","display_name":"Determination of as-built properties of fiber reinforced polymers in a wind turbine blade using scanning electron and high-resolution X-ray microscopy","publication_year":2022,"publication_date":"2022-08-27","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4293340751","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcomc.2022.100310"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1016/j.jcomc.2022.100310","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcomc.2022.100310","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcomc.2022.100310","pdf_url":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666682022000731/pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210186814","display_name":"Composites Part C Open Access","issn_l":"2666-6820","issn":["2666-6820"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","dongbi-c","jufo-1","norway-1","oarl","poland-20"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Composites Part C: Open Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"parent_works":[],"lineage":["https://openalex.org/W4293340751"],"child_works_count":0,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666682022000731/pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5022718608","display_name":"Malo Rosemeier","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9853-0581","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9853-0581"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210124112","display_name":"Fraunhofer Institute for Wind Energy Systems","ror":"https://ror.org/02phevt59","country_code":"DE","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210124112","https://openalex.org/I4923324"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Malo Rosemeier","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Rotor Blades, Fraunhofer IWES, Fraunhofer Institute for Wind Energy Systems, Am Seedeich 45, 27572 Bremerhaven, Germany"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9853-0581","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Rotor Blades, Fraunhofer IWES, Fraunhofer Institute for Wind Energy Systems, Am Seedeich 45, 27572 Bremerhaven, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210124112"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Catherine Lester","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210124112","display_name":"Fraunhofer Institute for Wind Energy Systems","ror":"https://ror.org/02phevt59","country_code":"DE","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210124112","https://openalex.org/I4923324"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Catherine Lester","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Rotor Blades, Fraunhofer IWES, Fraunhofer Institute for Wind Energy Systems, Am Seedeich 45, 27572 Bremerhaven, Germany"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Rotor Blades, Fraunhofer IWES, Fraunhofer Institute for Wind Energy Systems, Am Seedeich 45, 27572 Bremerhaven, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210124112"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5036747137","display_name":"\u0391\u03bb\u03ad\u03be\u03b1\u03bd\u03b4\u03c1\u03bf\u03c2 \u0391\u03bd\u03c4\u03c9\u03bd\u03af\u03bf\u03c5","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6580-6652","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6580-6652"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210124112","display_name":"Fraunhofer Institute for Wind Energy Systems","ror":"https://ror.org/02phevt59","country_code":"DE","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210124112","https://openalex.org/I4923324"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Alexandros Antoniou","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Rotor Blades, Fraunhofer IWES, Fraunhofer Institute for Wind Energy Systems, Am Seedeich 45, 27572 Bremerhaven, Germany"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Rotor Blades, Fraunhofer IWES, Fraunhofer Institute for Wind Energy Systems, Am Seedeich 45, 27572 Bremerhaven, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210124112"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5050705990","display_name":"Christoph Fahrenson","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4577782","display_name":"Technische Universit\u00e4t Berlin","ror":"https://ror.org/03v4gjf40","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4577782"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Christoph Fahrenson","raw_affiliation_strings":["Center for electron microscopy (ZELMI), TU Berlin, Stra\u00dfe des 17. Juni 135, 10623 Berlin, Germany"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Center for electron microscopy (ZELMI), TU Berlin, Stra\u00dfe des 17. Juni 135, 10623 Berlin, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4577782"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5061313203","display_name":"Nikolas Manousides","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7494-5563","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7494-5563"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I114112103","display_name":"Leibniz University Hannover","ror":"https://ror.org/0304hq317","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I114112103"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Nikolas Manousides","raw_affiliation_strings":["Leibniz University Hannover, Institute for Wind Energy Systems, Appelstr. 9A, 30167 Hannover, Germany"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7494-5563","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Leibniz University Hannover, Institute for Wind Energy Systems, Appelstr. 9A, 30167 Hannover, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I114112103"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5034815440","display_name":"Claudio Balzani","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3432-3476","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3432-3476"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I114112103","display_name":"Leibniz University Hannover","ror":"https://ror.org/0304hq317","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I114112103"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Claudio Balzani","raw_affiliation_strings":["Leibniz University Hannover, Institute for Wind Energy Systems, Appelstr. 9A, 30167 Hannover, Germany"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Leibniz University Hannover, Institute for Wind Energy Systems, Appelstr. 9A, 30167 Hannover, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I114112103"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5022718608"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210124112"],"apc_list":{"value":1800,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1800},"apc_paid":{"value":1800,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1800},"fwci":0.5655,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":10,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.55172155,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":93,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"9","issue":null,"first_page":"100310","last_page":"100310"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11664","display_name":"Fiber-reinforced polymer composites","score":0.5913000106811523,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2210","display_name":"Mechanical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11664","display_name":"Fiber-reinforced polymer composites","score":0.5913000106811523,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2210","display_name":"Mechanical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10219","display_name":"Mechanical Behavior of Composites","score":0.2703000009059906,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2211","display_name":"Mechanics of Materials"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11558","display_name":"Composite Material Mechanics","score":0.09109999984502792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2211","display_name":"Mechanics of Materials"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fiber-reinforced-polymer","display_name":"fiber-reinforced polymer","score":0.9860000014305115},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wind-turbine-blades","display_name":"wind turbine blades","score":0.9139999747276306},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fiber-volume-fraction","display_name":"fiber volume fraction","score":0.9210000038146973},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/porosity","display_name":"porosity","score":0.9900000095367432},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/glass-fiber-epoxy-composites","display_name":"glass/epoxy composites","score":0.753000020980835},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/calcination","display_name":"calcination","score":0.6729999780654907},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/void-size-distribution","display_name":"void size distribution","score":0.7110000252723694},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fiber-orientation","display_name":"fiber orientation","score":0.640999972820282},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/micro-ct","display_name":"micro-CT","score":0.4189999997615814},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sem","display_name":"SEM","score":0.652999997138977}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192562407","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228736","display_name":"Materials science","level":0,"score":0.8151665329933167},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C26771246","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q321095","display_name":"Scanning electron microscope","level":2,"score":0.7370407581329346},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159985019","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q181790","display_name":"Composite material","level":1,"score":0.6523668766021729},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C6648577","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q622669","display_name":"Porosity","level":2,"score":0.5488690137863159},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779772531","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q19689164","display_name":"Void (composites)","level":2,"score":0.460550457239151},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C521977710","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q81163","display_name":"Polymer","level":2,"score":0.41680383682250977},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C166595027","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q143983","display_name":"Epoxy","level":2,"score":0.4113512635231018}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1016/j.jcomc.2022.100310","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcomc.2022.100310","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcomc.2022.100310","pdf_url":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666682022000731/pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210186814","display_name":"Composites Part C Open Access","issn_l":"2666-6820","issn":["2666-6820"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","dongbi-c","jufo-1","norway-1","oarl","poland-20"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Composites Part C: Open Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:cd3ac1200aed4b01b80ffc8a09f6bf47","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/cd3ac1200aed4b01b80ffc8a09f6bf47","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Composites Part C: Open Access, Vol 9, Iss , Pp 100310- (2022)","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:publica.fraunhofer.de:publica/448849","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://publica.fraunhofer.de/handle/publica/448849","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400318","display_name":"Fraunhofer-Publica (Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4923324","host_organization_name":"Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4923324"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"journal article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1016/j.jcomc.2022.100310","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcomc.2022.100310","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcomc.2022.100310","pdf_url":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666682022000731/pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210186814","display_name":"Composites Part C Open Access","issn_l":"2666-6820","issn":["2666-6820"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","dongbi-c","jufo-1","norway-1","oarl","poland-20"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Composites Part C: Open Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4293340751.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4293340751.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":32,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W265374193","https://openalex.org/W639581896","https://openalex.org/W1587221536","https://openalex.org/W1647095391","https://openalex.org/W1966036612","https://openalex.org/W1973169072","https://openalex.org/W2022686968","https://openalex.org/W2022715899","https://openalex.org/W2039541371","https://openalex.org/W2072012215","https://openalex.org/W2073555419","https://openalex.org/W2086359951","https://openalex.org/W2099708469","https://openalex.org/W2111052691","https://openalex.org/W2130402976","https://openalex.org/W2133059825","https://openalex.org/W2152801833","https://openalex.org/W2159169809","https://openalex.org/W2160706994","https://openalex.org/W2400145200","https://openalex.org/W2499877850","https://openalex.org/W2587263216","https://openalex.org/W2787239797","https://openalex.org/W2901703718","https://openalex.org/W2901761515","https://openalex.org/W2969691063","https://openalex.org/W3131325182","https://openalex.org/W3133401664","https://openalex.org/W3210232381","https://openalex.org/W4255161306","https://openalex.org/W4298046759","https://openalex.org/W4393837410"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2887235079","https://openalex.org/W2901761515","https://openalex.org/W4387774123","https://openalex.org/W2767867435","https://openalex.org/W1984774540","https://openalex.org/W4410033627","https://openalex.org/W2022686968","https://openalex.org/W7221776272","https://openalex.org/W2625220522","https://openalex.org/W7032767159"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0],"fiber":[1,8,68,75],"volume":[2],"fraction":[3,47],"(FVF)":[4],"and":[5,24,44,66,77,82,101,113,121,137,152],"porosity":[6],"in":[7],"reinforced":[9],"polymers":[10],"(FRPs)":[11],"depends":[12],"strongly":[13],"on":[14],"the":[15,21,26,42,61,63,67,73,78,128,138],"manufacturing":[16],"process.":[17],"These":[18],"parameters":[19],"influence":[20],"mechanical":[22],"properties":[23],"thus":[25],"performance":[27],"of":[28,70,140],"an":[29,34],"FRP.":[30],"For":[31],"this":[32],"research,":[33],"epoxy-pre-impregnated":[35],"glass":[36],"FRP":[37],"was":[38,131],"investigated":[39,96],"to":[40,126],"determine":[41],"FVF":[43,133],"matrix":[45],"mass":[46],"taking":[48],"into":[49],"consideration":[50],"all":[51],"material":[52],"constituents,":[53],"including":[54],"sizing,":[55],"stitching":[56],"thread,":[57],"as":[58,60,106,108,119],"well":[59,107,146],"porosity,":[62],"area":[64],"density":[65],"orientations":[69],"each":[71],"lamina,":[72],"filament":[74],"diameter,":[76],"inter-laminar":[79],"void":[80,160],"size":[81,161],"shape.":[83],"Therefore,":[84],"samples":[85],"from":[86],"a":[87,109,158],"commercially":[88],"manufactured":[89],"wind":[90],"turbine":[91],"rotor":[92],"blade":[93],"were":[94,124,145,154],"experimentally":[95],"using":[97],"scanning":[98],"electron":[99],"(SEM)":[100],"high-resolution":[102],"X-ray":[103],"microscopy":[104],"(micro-CT),":[105],"standardized":[110],"calcination":[111],"method":[112,139],"geometric":[114],"measurements.":[115],"Post-processing":[116],"techniques":[117],"such":[118],"thresholding":[120],"edge":[122],"detection":[123],"used":[125],"analyze":[127],"images.":[129],"There":[130],"good":[132],"agreement":[134],"between":[135],"SEM":[136,149],"calcination.":[141],"Micro-void":[142],"cross-sectional":[143],"shapes":[144],"captured":[147],"by":[148,167],"while":[150],"meso-":[151],"macro-voids":[153],"volumetrically":[155],"resolved":[156],"with":[157],"reproducible":[159],"distribution":[162],"for":[163],"two":[164],"sample":[165],"volumes":[166],"micro-CT.":[168]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":4}],"updated_date":"2026-11-07T11:25:07.637180","created_date":"2022-08-27T00:00:00"}
