{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4293076149","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/atmos13060926","title":"The March 2012 Heat Wave in Northeast America as a Possible Effect of Strong Solar Activity and Unusual Space Plasma Interactions","display_name":"The March 2012 Heat Wave in Northeast America as a Possible Effect of Strong Solar Activity and Unusual Space Plasma Interactions","publication_year":2022,"publication_date":"2022-06-07","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4293076149","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/atmos13060926"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/atmos13060926","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/atmos13060926","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/atmos13060926","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4433/13/6/926/pdf?version=1654595110","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S946213959","display_name":"Atmosphere","issn_l":"2073-4433","issn":["2073-4433"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","doaj","jufo-1","norway-1","poland-70","russia-white-list-2","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Atmosphere","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4433/13/6/926/pdf?version=1654595110","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5102864967","display_name":"Georgios C. Anagnostopoulos","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6008-0303","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6008-0303"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I147962203","display_name":"Democritus University of Thrace","ror":"https://ror.org/03bfqnx40","country_code":"GR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I147962203"]}],"countries":["GR"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Georgios C. Anagnostopoulos","raw_affiliation_strings":["Sector of Telecommunication and Space Science, Demokritos University of Thrace, 67100 Xanthi, Greece"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Sector of Telecommunication and Space Science, Demokritos University of Thrace, 67100 Xanthi, Greece","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I147962203"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5020819192","display_name":"Sofia Anna Menesidou","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2446-5470","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2446-5470"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210162980","display_name":"Ubitech (Greece)","ror":"https://ror.org/05dvp4993","country_code":"GR","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210162980"]}],"countries":["GR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sofia-Anna I. Menesidou","raw_affiliation_strings":["R&D Department, Ubitech Ltd., 11632 Athens, Greece"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2446-5470","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"R&D Department, Ubitech Ltd., 11632 Athens, Greece","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210162980"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5040651067","display_name":"Dimitrios A. Efthymiadis","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Dimitrios A. Efthymiadis","raw_affiliation_strings":["Independent Researcher, 6810 Alexandroupoli, Greece"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Independent Researcher, 6810 Alexandroupoli, Greece","institution_ids":[]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5102864967"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I147962203"],"apc_list":{"value":2000,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2094},"apc_paid":{"value":2000,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2094},"fwci":0.4363,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":7,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.49687705,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":96},"biblio":{"volume":"13","issue":"6","first_page":"926","last_page":"926"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10251","display_name":"Solar and Space Plasma Dynamics","score":0.850600004196167,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3103","display_name":"Astronomy and Astrophysics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10251","display_name":"Solar and Space Plasma Dynamics","score":0.850600004196167,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3103","display_name":"Astronomy and Astrophysics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10159","display_name":"Ionosphere and magnetosphere dynamics","score":0.06210000067949295,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1912","display_name":"Space and Planetary Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/19","display_name":"Earth and Planetary Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10029","display_name":"Climate variability and models","score":0.04560000076889992,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2306","display_name":"Global and Planetary Change"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/solar-activity","display_name":"solar activity","score":0.625},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/space-plasma","display_name":"space plasma","score":0.5929999947547913},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geomagnetic-storms","display_name":"geomagnetic storms","score":0.7789999842643738},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/coronal-mass-ejections","display_name":"coronal mass ejections","score":0.8899999856948853},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/solar-energetic-particle-events","display_name":"solar energetic particle events","score":0.8740000128746033},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/solar-wind","display_name":"solar wind","score":0.671999990940094},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/solar-cycle-24","display_name":"solar cycle 24","score":0.8320000171661377},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/north-atlantic-oscillation","display_name":"North Atlantic Oscillation","score":0.7839999794960022},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/solar-terrestrial-relations","display_name":"solar-terrestrial relations","score":0.4950000047683716},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/extreme-weather-events","display_name":"extreme weather events","score":0.527999997138977},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/northeastern-united-states","display_name":"northeastern United States","score":0.859000027179718}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C72886185","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q129890","display_name":"Coronal mass ejection","level":4,"score":0.6272432804107666},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C151325931","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q584093","display_name":"Space weather","level":2,"score":0.5891852974891663},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C194462397","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q834235","display_name":"Interplanetary spaceflight","level":4,"score":0.5449378490447998},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C91586092","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q757520","display_name":"Atmospheric sciences","level":1,"score":0.49189090728759766},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C170641098","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q130011","display_name":"Geomagnetic storm","level":4,"score":0.441699355840683},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C108411613","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q79833","display_name":"Solar wind","level":3,"score":0.4413602650165558},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C49204034","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q52139","display_name":"Climatology","level":1,"score":0.4399423599243164},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105306849","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q81054","display_name":"Storm","level":2,"score":0.43493375182151794},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2993220731","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q215864","display_name":"Heat wave","level":3,"score":0.4213064908981323},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.3729114532470703},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39432304","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188847","display_name":"Environmental science","level":0,"score":0.35262054204940796},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153294291","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25261","display_name":"Meteorology","level":1,"score":0.30775344371795654},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127313418","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1069","display_name":"Geology","level":0,"score":0.23300275206565857},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C82706917","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q10251","display_name":"Plasma","level":2,"score":0.21557125449180603},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C132651083","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7942","display_name":"Climate change","level":2,"score":0.1366199254989624},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185544564","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q81197","display_name":"Nuclear physics","level":1,"score":0.08017084002494812},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111368507","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43518","display_name":"Oceanography","level":1,"score":0.07720375061035156}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/atmos13060926","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/atmos13060926","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/atmos13060926","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4433/13/6/926/pdf?version=1654595110","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S946213959","display_name":"Atmosphere","issn_l":"2073-4433","issn":["2073-4433"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","doaj","jufo-1","norway-1","poland-70","russia-white-list-2","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Atmosphere","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:7bfdc8cf4e6649918982bcd214e99709","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/7bfdc8cf4e6649918982bcd214e99709","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Atmosphere, Vol 13, Iss 6, p 926 (2022)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/atmos13060926","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/atmos13060926","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/atmos13060926","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4433/13/6/926/pdf?version=1654595110","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S946213959","display_name":"Atmosphere","issn_l":"2073-4433","issn":["2073-4433"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","doaj","jufo-1","norway-1","poland-70","russia-white-list-2","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Atmosphere","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321464","display_name":"British Geological Survey","ror":"https://ror.org/04a7gbp98"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332181","display_name":"National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration","ror":"https://ror.org/02z5nhe81"}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4293076149.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4293076149.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":100,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W350377102","https://openalex.org/W1507901974","https://openalex.org/W1512809374","https://openalex.org/W1569223945","https://openalex.org/W1596624281","https://openalex.org/W1626438176","https://openalex.org/W1660652255","https://openalex.org/W1830227112","https://openalex.org/W1889533513","https://openalex.org/W1906255492","https://openalex.org/W1965221956","https://openalex.org/W1972923922","https://openalex.org/W1973178788","https://openalex.org/W1974160777","https://openalex.org/W1975510234","https://openalex.org/W1978093782","https://openalex.org/W1979503202","https://openalex.org/W1981869104","https://openalex.org/W1984427774","https://openalex.org/W1985283713","https://openalex.org/W1985671918","https://openalex.org/W1991191639","https://openalex.org/W1993341938","https://openalex.org/W1999017235","https://openalex.org/W2001891686","https://openalex.org/W2002827620","https://openalex.org/W2004298516","https://openalex.org/W2009555502","https://openalex.org/W2015061794","https://openalex.org/W2016477418","https://openalex.org/W2016594653","https://openalex.org/W2016972833","https://openalex.org/W2019116468","https://openalex.org/W2022789494","https://openalex.org/W2033029337","https://openalex.org/W2033269153","https://openalex.org/W2033292700","https://openalex.org/W2038605604","https://openalex.org/W2039594462","https://openalex.org/W2043556354","https://openalex.org/W2055139884","https://openalex.org/W2056648283","https://openalex.org/W2063747301","https://openalex.org/W2065861921","https://openalex.org/W2079448371","https://openalex.org/W2084352641","https://openalex.org/W2084979499","https://openalex.org/W2086801768","https://openalex.org/W2096499352","https://openalex.org/W2097224090","https://openalex.org/W2097275002","https://openalex.org/W2102966798","https://openalex.org/W2111060208","https://openalex.org/W2112163638","https://openalex.org/W2118770321","https://openalex.org/W2123499451","https://openalex.org/W2128349082","https://openalex.org/W2136845093","https://openalex.org/W2137420548","https://openalex.org/W2145748617","https://openalex.org/W2159849459","https://openalex.org/W2162668830","https://openalex.org/W2166314082","https://openalex.org/W2170017126","https://openalex.org/W2258726099","https://openalex.org/W2334911229","https://openalex.org/W2403484221","https://openalex.org/W2511039469","https://openalex.org/W2512449108","https://openalex.org/W2517739980","https://openalex.org/W2539010352","https://openalex.org/W2550691896","https://openalex.org/W2564175273","https://openalex.org/W2564548074","https://openalex.org/W2598396410","https://openalex.org/W2604508201","https://openalex.org/W2744143174","https://openalex.org/W2883273070","https://openalex.org/W2884741690","https://openalex.org/W2897292115","https://openalex.org/W2905577496","https://openalex.org/W2915640490","https://openalex.org/W2918183121","https://openalex.org/W2954261957","https://openalex.org/W2955431109","https://openalex.org/W2963851770","https://openalex.org/W2966188885","https://openalex.org/W2974117010","https://openalex.org/W3010316594","https://openalex.org/W3031854796","https://openalex.org/W3048228872","https://openalex.org/W3106141363","https://openalex.org/W3128063777","https://openalex.org/W3135388325","https://openalex.org/W3155376572","https://openalex.org/W3165499591","https://openalex.org/W4225614366","https://openalex.org/W4234044424","https://openalex.org/W4247791981","https://openalex.org/W6645539910"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4392699101","https://openalex.org/W1701835845","https://openalex.org/W2567323771","https://openalex.org/W3046235666","https://openalex.org/W3134958785","https://openalex.org/W2326493021","https://openalex.org/W1528838254","https://openalex.org/W2016972833","https://openalex.org/W3005384303","https://openalex.org/W7028389609"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"In":[0],"the":[1,5,32,40,51,58,77,85,111,131,187,214,261,268,279,298],"past":[2],"two":[3],"decades,":[4],"world":[6],"has":[7],"experienced":[8],"an":[9,274],"unprecedented":[10],"number":[11],"of":[12,31,54,68],"extreme":[13],"weather":[14],"events,":[15],"some":[16],"causing":[17],"major":[18],"human":[19],"suffering":[20],"and":[21,35,70,84,150,169,177,213,259,267,290,313],"economic":[22],"damage.":[23],"The":[24,45],"March":[25,60,79,86,124,132,265],"2012":[26,61,80,133,266],"heat":[27,62,81,88,140,147,240,262],"wave":[28,63,82,89,141,263],"is":[29],"one":[30],"most":[33,282],"known":[34],"broadly":[36],"discussed":[37],"events":[38,220],"in":[39,49,96,123,136,143,155,264,308],"Northeast":[41],"United":[42],"States":[43],"(NE-USA).":[44],"present":[46],"study":[47],"examines":[48],"depth":[50],"possible":[52],"influence":[53],"solar":[55,120,216,255,270,286],"activity":[56,271],"on":[57,65],"historic":[59,78],"based":[64],"a":[66,93,181,224],"comparison":[67],"solar/space":[69],"meteorological":[71],"data.":[72],"Our":[73],"research":[74],"suggests":[75],"that":[76,236,277],"(M2012HW)":[83],"1910":[87],"(M1910HW),":[90],"which":[91,303],"occurred":[92,135],"century":[94],"earlier":[95],"NE-USA,":[97],"were":[98,159,200,221,246],"related":[99,247,269],"to":[100,138,228,295],"Sun-generated":[101],"special":[102],"space":[103],"plasma":[104,257],"structures":[105],"triggering":[106],"large":[107],"magnetic":[108,117,250],"storms.":[109],"Furthermore,":[110],"largest":[112],"(Dst":[113],"=":[114,167,175],"\u2212222":[115],"nT)":[116],"storm":[118],"during":[119,180],"cycle":[121],"24":[122],"2015":[125],"(only":[126],"three":[127,239],"years":[128],"later":[129],"than":[130],"events)":[134],"relation":[137],"another":[139],"(M2015HW)":[142],"NE-USA.":[144],"Both":[145],"these":[146],"waves,":[148],"M2012HW":[149,280],"M2015HW,":[151,244],"resemble":[152],"each":[153],"other":[154],"many":[156],"ways:":[157],"they":[158,199],"characterized":[160,222],"by":[161,202,205,223,253,285],"extremely":[162],"huge":[163],"temperature":[164],"increases":[165],"\u0394\u03a4\u039c":[166],"30\u00b0":[168],"32\u00b0":[170],"(with":[171],"maximum":[172],"temperatures":[173,189],"\u03a4\u039c":[174],"28\u00b0":[176],"23\u00b0,":[178],"respectively)":[179],"positive":[182],"North":[183],"Atlantic":[184],"Oscillation":[185],"index,":[186],"high":[188,230],"coincided":[190],"with":[191,248],"large-scale":[192],"warm":[193],"air":[194],"streaming":[195],"from":[196],"southern":[197],"latitudes,":[198],"accompanied":[201],"superstorms":[203],"caused":[204],"unexpected":[206],"geoeffective":[207],"interplanetary":[208],"coronal":[209],"mass":[210],"ejections":[211],"(ICMEs),":[212],"ICME-related":[215],"energetic":[217],"particle":[218],"(SEP)":[219],"proton":[225],"spectrum":[226],"extending":[227],"very":[229],"(>0.5":[231],"GeV)":[232],"energies.":[233],"We":[234],"infer":[235],"(i)":[237],"all":[238],"waves":[241],"examined":[242],"(M2012HW,":[243],"M1910HW)":[245],"strong":[249],"storms":[251],"triggered":[252],"effective":[254],"wind":[256],"structures,":[258],"(b)":[260],"was":[272,281],"not":[273],"accidental":[275],"coincidence;":[276],"is,":[278],"probably":[283],"affected":[284],"activity.":[287],"Future":[288],"case":[289],"statistical":[291],"studies":[292],"are":[293],"needed":[294],"further":[296],"check":[297],"hypothesis":[299],"put":[300],"forward":[301],"here,":[302],"might":[304],"improve":[305],"atmospheric":[306],"models":[307],"helping":[309],"people\u2019s":[310],"safety,":[311],"health":[312],"life.":[314]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2026-11-07T11:25:07.637180","created_date":"2022-08-26T00:00:00"}
