{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4292836747","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1111/ajad.13326","title":"Comprehensive analysis of discharge reasons from methadone outpatient treatment programs","display_name":"Comprehensive analysis of discharge reasons from methadone outpatient treatment programs","publication_year":2022,"publication_date":"2022-08-22","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4292836747","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1111/ajad.13326","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35996855"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1111/ajad.13326","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1111/ajad.13326","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1111/ajad.13326","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S134700381","display_name":"American Journal on Addictions","issn_l":"1055-0496","issn":["1055-0496","1521-0391"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","dongbi-c","doyens","jufo-1","medline","norway-1","poland-70","russia-white-list-2"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320595","host_organization_name":"Wiley","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320595"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Wiley"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"The American Journal on Addictions","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5069030446","display_name":"Barbara Andraka\u2010Christou","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6307-6369","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6307-6369"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I106165777","display_name":"University of Central Florida","ror":"https://ror.org/036nfer12","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I106165777"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Barbara Andraka\u2010Christou","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Internal Medicine, University of Central Florida, Orlando, Florida, USA","School of Global Health Management &amp; Informatics University of Central Florida Orlando Florida USA","School of Global Health Management & Informatics, University of Central Florida, Orlando, Florida, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6307-6369","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Internal Medicine, University of Central Florida, Orlando, Florida, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I106165777"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Global Health Management &amp; Informatics University of Central Florida Orlando Florida USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I106165777"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Global Health Management & Informatics, University of Central Florida, Orlando, Florida, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I106165777"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5074083769","display_name":"Rachel Totaram","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0860-1428","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0860-1428"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I106165777","display_name":"University of Central Florida","ror":"https://ror.org/036nfer12","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I106165777"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Rachel Totaram","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Global Health Management &amp; Informatics University of Central Florida Orlando Florida USA","School of Global Health Management & Informatics, University of Central Florida, Orlando, Florida, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0860-1428","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Global Health Management &amp; Informatics University of Central Florida Orlando Florida USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I106165777"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Global Health Management & Informatics, University of Central Florida, Orlando, Florida, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I106165777"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5025355765","display_name":"Thuy Dieu Nguyen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3790-6925","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3790-6925"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I27837315","display_name":"University of Michigan","ror":"https://ror.org/00jmfr291","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I27837315"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Thuy D. Nguyen","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Health Management &amp; Policy, School of Public Health University of Michigan Ann Arbor Michigan USA","Department of Health Management & Policy, School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3790-6925","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Health Management &amp; Policy, School of Public Health University of Michigan Ann Arbor Michigan USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I27837315"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Health Management & Policy, School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I27837315"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5069030446"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I106165777"],"apc_list":{"value":3450,"currency":"USD","value_usd":3450},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.2675,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":6,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.77433849,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":88,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":"31","issue":"6","first_page":"508","last_page":"516"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10576","display_name":"Opioid Use Disorder Treatment","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2739","display_name":"Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10576","display_name":"Opioid Use Disorder Treatment","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2739","display_name":"Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10043","display_name":"Substance Abuse Treatment and Outcomes","score":0.0003000000142492354,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2713","display_name":"Epidemiology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11860","display_name":"HIV, Drug Use, Sexual Risk","score":0.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2713","display_name":"Epidemiology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/methadone-maintenance-treatment","display_name":"methadone maintenance treatment","score":0.8899999856948853},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/opioid-use-disorder","display_name":"opioid use disorder","score":0.9639999866485596},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/opioid-treatment-programs","display_name":"opioid treatment programs","score":0.8140000104904175},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/treatment-retention","display_name":"treatment retention","score":0.6000000238418579},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/inability-to-pay","display_name":"inability to pay","score":0.8259999752044678},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/treatment-nonadherence","display_name":"treatment non-adherence","score":0.8849999904632568},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/racial-disparities","display_name":"racial disparities","score":0.45500001311302185},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/florida","display_name":"Florida","score":0.9139999747276306}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C27415008","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7256382","display_name":"Psychological intervention","level":2,"score":0.6022142171859741},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.5924075841903687},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778767360","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q179996","display_name":"Methadone","level":2,"score":0.5727218389511108},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C151956035","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1132755","display_name":"Logistic regression","level":2,"score":0.4856094419956207},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C117568660","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1650843","display_name":"Multinomial logistic regression","level":2,"score":0.47109848260879517},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779148768","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17154378","display_name":"Opioid overdose","level":5,"score":0.46799060702323914},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C29122968","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1414816","display_name":"Incentive","level":2,"score":0.4642791152000427},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C137403100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q41710","display_name":"Ethnic group","level":2,"score":0.4299161732196808},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149923435","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q37732","display_name":"Demography","level":1,"score":0.42841532826423645},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C194828623","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2861470","display_name":"Emergency medicine","level":1,"score":0.42347246408462524},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C512399662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3505712","display_name":"Family medicine","level":1,"score":0.4103468656539917},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C545542383","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2751242","display_name":"Medical emergency","level":1,"score":0.37200379371643066},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C118552586","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7867","display_name":"Psychiatry","level":1,"score":0.2650003731250763},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781063702","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q427523","display_name":"Opioid","level":3,"score":0.26021265983581543},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126322002","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11180","display_name":"Internal medicine","level":1,"score":0.12924516201019287},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.09588408470153809},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C175444787","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q39072","display_name":"Microeconomics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144024400","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21201","display_name":"Sociology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C170493617","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q208467","display_name":"Receptor","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778750930","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4540629","display_name":"(+)-Naloxone","level":4,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000701","descriptor_name":"Analgesics, Opioid","qualifier_ui":"Q000627","qualifier_name":"therapeutic use","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008691","descriptor_name":"Methadone","qualifier_ui":"Q000627","qualifier_name":"therapeutic use","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D009293","descriptor_name":"Opioid-Related Disorders","qualifier_ui":"Q000188","qualifier_name":"drug therapy","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D010045","descriptor_name":"Outpatients","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D010351","descriptor_name":"Patient Discharge","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D014481","descriptor_name":"United States","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D058850","descriptor_name":"Opiate Substitution Treatment","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D062787","descriptor_name":"Drug Overdose","qualifier_ui":"Q000188","qualifier_name":"drug therapy","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D062787","descriptor_name":"Drug Overdose","qualifier_ui":"Q000453","qualifier_name":"epidemiology","is_major_topic":true}],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1111/ajad.13326","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1111/ajad.13326","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1111/ajad.13326","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S134700381","display_name":"American Journal on Addictions","issn_l":"1055-0496","issn":["1055-0496","1521-0391"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","dongbi-c","doyens","jufo-1","medline","norway-1","poland-70","russia-white-list-2"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320595","host_organization_name":"Wiley","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320595"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Wiley"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"The American Journal on Addictions","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:35996855","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35996855","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"The American journal on addictions","raw_type":"Journal Article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.9940000176429749,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","display_name":"Good health and well-being"}],"study_designs":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/study-designs/observational-study","display_name":"Observational Study"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":28,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1745948712","https://openalex.org/W1967912950","https://openalex.org/W1986288731","https://openalex.org/W1992194010","https://openalex.org/W2019122427","https://openalex.org/W2064407448","https://openalex.org/W2070666613","https://openalex.org/W2082064900","https://openalex.org/W2102055684","https://openalex.org/W2114779659","https://openalex.org/W2118400166","https://openalex.org/W2170697705","https://openalex.org/W2184175529","https://openalex.org/W2184554481","https://openalex.org/W2564687864","https://openalex.org/W2739193387","https://openalex.org/W2890254074","https://openalex.org/W2898524221","https://openalex.org/W2964919508","https://openalex.org/W2982133598","https://openalex.org/W3024002321","https://openalex.org/W3029374899","https://openalex.org/W3088021670","https://openalex.org/W3165633131","https://openalex.org/W3190676795","https://openalex.org/W4213432978","https://openalex.org/W4220683880","https://openalex.org/W4229369096"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W3025531129","https://openalex.org/W4280609889","https://openalex.org/W1485660779","https://openalex.org/W4376871926","https://openalex.org/W2114779659","https://openalex.org/W2800603917","https://openalex.org/W2889801850","https://openalex.org/W4309669579","https://openalex.org/W4366779618","https://openalex.org/W4403543934"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"BACKGROUND":[0],"AND":[1,209],"OBJECTIVES:":[2],"Methadone":[3],"treatment":[4,15,122,145],"(MT)":[5],"for":[6,38,64,121,160,194,237],"opioid":[7,14],"use":[8],"disorder":[9],"is":[10,33,245],"only":[11],"available":[12],"in":[13,18,130,173,213,225],"programs":[16],"(OTPs)":[17],"the":[19,109,125,246,250],"United":[20],"States,":[21],"with":[22,124,175,185],"retention":[23],"predictive":[24],"of":[25,117,162,178],"positive":[26],"health":[27],"outcomes.":[28],"OTP":[29,61,163,253],"discharge":[30,46,52,62,87,112,214,239,257],"reason":[31,47,113],"information":[32],"needed":[34],"to":[35,44,70,82,157,248],"develop":[36,234],"interventions":[37],"facilitating":[39],"MT":[40],"retention.":[41],"We":[42,58,76],"sought":[43],"identify":[45],"frequencies":[48],"and":[49,54,89,97,169,204,219,228,256],"associations":[50,84],"between":[51,85,217,252],"reasons":[53,63,88,215],"facility/county-level":[55],"characteristics.":[56],"METHODS:":[57],"examined":[59],"annual":[60],"all":[65],"Florida":[66],"OTPs":[67,134,139],"from":[68],"2014":[69],"2017":[71],"(n":[72],"=":[73],"44,774":[74],"discharges).":[75],"used":[77],"multinomial":[78],"logistic":[79],"regression":[80],"analysis":[81],"examine":[83,249],"patients'":[86],"(1)":[90],"facility-level":[91],"characteristics":[92,100],"(e.g.,":[93,101],"size,":[94],"funding":[95,226,254],"type)":[96],"(2)":[98],"county-level":[99],"race/ethnicity,":[102],"overdose":[103,188],"rates).":[104],"RESULTS:":[105],"Lost":[106],"contact":[107],"was":[108],"most":[110],"common":[111,172],"(29%).":[114],"Only":[115],"11%":[116],"patients":[118],"were":[119,170],"discharged":[120],"completion,":[123],"proportion":[126],"one-third":[127],"as":[128],"low":[129],"privately":[131],"versus":[132],"publicly-funded":[133,154],"(p":[135,181,201],"<":[136,182,202,206],".001).":[137],"Privately-funded":[138],"had":[140,190],"a":[141],"patient":[142],"share":[143],"self-terminating":[144,197],"against":[146,198],"medical":[147,199],"advice":[148,200],"about":[149],"3.5":[150],"times":[151],"higher":[152,186],"than":[153],"OTPs.":[155],"Inability":[156],"pay":[158],"accounted":[159],"7%":[161],"discharges.":[164],"Noncompliant":[165],"discharges":[166,193],"represented":[167],"6%":[168],"more":[171,192],"counties":[174],"larger":[176],"proportions":[177],"Black":[179],"residents":[180],".01).":[183],"Counties":[184],"drug":[187],"rates":[189],"significantly":[191],"noncompliance":[195],"or":[196],".01":[203],"p":[205],".05).":[207],"DISCUSSION":[208],"CONCLUSIONS:":[210],"Statewide":[211],"differences":[212,224],"exist":[216],"publicly":[218],"privately-funded":[220],"OTPs,":[221],"possibly":[222],"reflecting":[223],"incentives":[227],"state":[229],"oversight.":[230],"State":[231],"agencies":[232],"should":[233],"consistent":[235],"approaches":[236],"collecting/reporting":[238],"reasons.":[240,258],"SCIENTIFIC":[241],"SIGNIFICANCE:":[242],"Our":[243],"study":[244],"first":[247],"relationship":[251],"type":[255]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-11-04T10:54:05.112534","created_date":"2022-08-24T00:00:00"}