{"id":"https://openalex.org/W42926289","doi":null,"title":"Photoacoustic Doppler velocity measurements using time-domain cross-correlation","display_name":"Photoacoustic Doppler velocity measurements using time-domain cross-correlation","publication_year":2014,"publication_date":"2014-03-28","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W42926289","mag":"42926289"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:eprints.ucl.ac.uk.OAI2:1420947","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/id/eprint/1420947/","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400024","display_name":"UCL Discovery (University College London)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I45129253","host_organization_name":"University College London","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I45129253"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Doctoral thesis, UCL (University College London).","raw_type":"Thesis"},"volume":null,"type":"dissertation","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":[],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5041305774","display_name":"Joanna Brunker","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Joanna Brunker","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":0,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5041305774"],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12015","display_name":"Photoacoustic and Ultrasonic Imaging","score":0.9984999895095825,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2204","display_name":"Biomedical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12015","display_name":"Photoacoustic and Ultrasonic Imaging","score":0.9984999895095825,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2204","display_name":"Biomedical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10977","display_name":"Optical Imaging and Spectroscopy Techniques","score":0.00019999999494757503,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2741","display_name":"Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and Imaging"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11856","display_name":"Thermography and Photoacoustic Techniques","score":9.999999747378752e-05,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2211","display_name":"Mechanics of Materials"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/blood-flow-velocity-measurement","display_name":"blood flow velocity measurement","score":0.8610000014305115},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/time-domain-cross-correlation","display_name":"time-domain cross-correlation","score":0.9340000152587891},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/plug-flow","display_name":"plug flow","score":0.8859999775886536},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/waveform-segmentation","display_name":"waveform segmentation","score":0.6349999904632568}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C104293457","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q28324852","display_name":"Imaging phantom","level":2,"score":0.7623127698898315},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C56318395","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q215928","display_name":"Transducer","level":2,"score":0.6169376373291016},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C197424946","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1165717","display_name":"Waveform","level":3,"score":0.5996177196502686},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142757262","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q76436","display_name":"Doppler effect","level":2,"score":0.5995302200317383},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120665830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14620","display_name":"Optics","level":1,"score":0.5610424280166626},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192562407","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228736","display_name":"Materials science","level":0,"score":0.5608066320419312},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119666444","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5977280","display_name":"Temporal resolution","level":2,"score":0.4205670654773712},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24890656","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q82811","display_name":"Acoustics","level":1,"score":0.38855594396591187},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.2927591800689697},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C165801399","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25428","display_name":"Voltage","level":2,"score":0.11265859007835388},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C1276947","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q333","display_name":"Astronomy","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"pmh:oai:eprints.ucl.ac.uk.OAI2:1420947","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/id/eprint/1420947/","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400024","display_name":"UCL Discovery (University College London)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I45129253","host_organization_name":"University College London","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I45129253"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Doctoral thesis, UCL (University College London).","raw_type":"Thesis"},{"id":"mag:42926289","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/id/eprint/1420947/","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306508231","display_name":"Doctoral thesis, UCL (University College London).","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Doctoral thesis, UCL (University College London).","raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2054871318","https://openalex.org/W2034325756","https://openalex.org/W1993488986","https://openalex.org/W2032400359","https://openalex.org/W2021277885","https://openalex.org/W2064608698","https://openalex.org/W4393128520","https://openalex.org/W2598256982","https://openalex.org/W2338716815","https://openalex.org/W2464819296"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,30,56,109,190,265],"feasibility":[1],"of":[2,7,26,40,51,64,129,167,214],"making":[3],"spatially":[4],"resolved":[5,275],"measurements":[6,297],"blood":[8,174,295],"velocity":[9,117,260,296],"using":[10,38,45,277],"a":[11,35,59,105,114,180,183,278],"pulsed":[12],"photoacoustic":[13,27],"Doppler":[14,19],"technique":[15,292],"has":[16],"been":[17],"investigated.":[18,55],"time":[20],"shifts":[21],"were":[22,32,54,161],"quantified":[23],"via":[24],"cross-correlation":[25,291],"waveform":[28],"pairs.":[29],"waveforms":[31],"generated":[33],"within":[34,182],"blood-simulating":[36,52],"phantom":[37,53,62,168],"pairs":[39],"light":[41,232],"pulses":[42],"and":[43,72,104,139,204,225,250,283],"detected":[44],"an":[46,69],"ultrasound":[47],"transducer.":[48],"Two":[49],"types":[50],"first":[57],"was":[58,86,219,244],"rotating":[60],"wheel":[61],"consisting":[63],"micron-scale":[65],"absorbers":[66,126],"imprinted":[67],"on":[68],"acetate":[70],"sheet":[71],"moved":[73],"at":[74],"known":[75,216],"velocities;":[76],"this":[77,159,186,248],"simulated":[78],"plug":[79,203],"flow.":[80,189],"A":[81,237],"time-correlation":[82],"data":[83],"processing":[84,240],"scheme":[85,241],"used":[87],"to":[88,95,125,144,212,230,246,293],"quantify":[89],"velocities":[90,147],"in":[91,152,158,179,298],"the":[92,130,134,164,202,215,235,253,258,263,269,286,290],"range":[93,160],"0.15":[94],"1.5":[96],"m/s":[97],"with":[98],"accuracies":[99],"as":[100,102,149,172],"low":[101,280],"1%":[103],"measurement":[106],"resolution":[107],"<4%.":[108],"transducer":[110],"beam":[111,132],"width":[112],"determines":[113],"maximum":[115],"measurable":[116],"|Vmax|":[118,140],"beyond":[119],"which":[120,218],"correlation":[121],"is":[122],"lost":[123],"due":[124,229],"moving":[127],"out":[128,257],"focal":[131],"between":[133,201],"two":[135],"laser":[136],"pulses.":[137],"Resolution":[138],"can":[141,273],"be":[142,195,274],"scaled":[143],"much":[145],"lower":[146],"such":[148,171],"those":[150],"encountered":[151],"microvasculature":[153],"(<":[154],"50":[155],"mm/s).":[156],"Velocities":[157],"investigated":[162],"for":[163,198,255,288],"second":[165],"type":[166],"comprising":[169],"absorbers,":[170],"red":[173],"cells":[175],"or":[176],"microspheres,":[177],"flowing":[178],"suspension":[181],"transparent":[184],"tube;":[185],"demonstrated":[187],"non-plug":[188,205],"absorber-filled":[191],"tube":[192,226],"could":[193],"also":[194,251],"manually":[196],"shifted":[197],"direct":[199],"comparison":[200],"flow":[206,209,259],"cases.":[207],"Laminar":[208],"gave":[210],"rise":[211],"under-reading":[213],"velocities,":[217],"exacerbated":[220],"by":[221],"increasing":[222],"absorber":[223,270],"concentrations":[224],"diameters,":[227],"presumably":[228],"inadequate":[231],"penetration":[233],"into":[234],"tube.":[236,264],"novel":[238],"signal":[239],"(\u201cwaveform":[242],"segmentation\u201d)":[243],"developed":[245],"surmount":[247],"difficulty,":[249],"adds":[252],"potential":[254],"mapping":[256],"profile":[261],"across":[262],"results":[266],"show":[267],"that":[268],"spatial":[271],"heterogeneity":[272],"even":[276],"relatively":[279],"frequency":[281],"detector,":[282],"thus":[284],"pave":[285],"way":[287],"applying":[289],"make":[294],"vivo.":[299]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-09-09T07:26:56.047234","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}