{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4292575685","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3126/medphoenix.v7i1.47347","title":"Evaluation of Tear Secretion and Tear Film Stability in Patients with Pterygium and Normal Individuals","display_name":"Evaluation of Tear Secretion and Tear Film Stability in Patients with Pterygium and Normal Individuals","publication_year":2022,"publication_date":"2022-08-19","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4292575685","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3126/medphoenix.v7i1.47347"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3126/medphoenix.v7i1.47347","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3126/medphoenix.v7i1.47347","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3126/medphoenix.v7i1.47347","pdf_url":"https://www.nepjol.info/index.php/medphoenix/article/download/47347/35659","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210215641","display_name":"Med Phoenix","issn_l":"2392-425X","issn":["2392-425X","2631-1992"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Med Phoenix","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"diamond","oa_url":"https://www.nepjol.info/index.php/medphoenix/article/download/47347/35659","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5112653955","display_name":"Surendra Kumar Mishra","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Surendra Mishra","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Ophthalmology, Gaur Eye Hospital, Gaur, Rauthat, Nepal"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Ophthalmology, Gaur Eye Hospital, Gaur, Rauthat, Nepal","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5016188295","display_name":"Bipin Bista","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3593-026X","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3593-026X"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Bipin Bista","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Ophthalmology, Mechi Eye Hospital, Birtamod, Jhapa, Nepal"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Ophthalmology, Mechi Eye Hospital, Birtamod, Jhapa, Nepal","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5061596318","display_name":"Prawjal Basnet","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Prawjal Basnet","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Ophthalmology, Gaur Eye Hospital, Gaur, Rauthat, Nepal"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Ophthalmology, Gaur Eye Hospital, Gaur, Rauthat, Nepal","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5079509715","display_name":"Preety Chaudhary","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Preety Chaudhary","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Ophthalmology, Gaur Eye Hospital, Gaur, Rauthat, Nepal"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Ophthalmology, Gaur Eye Hospital, Gaur, Rauthat, Nepal","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5071936837","display_name":"Sushma Chaudhary","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5061-652X","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5061-652X"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4405267493","display_name":"Sagarmatha Chaudhary Eye Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/0301shd75","country_code":"NP","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4405267493"]}],"countries":["NP"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sushma Chaudhary","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Ophthalmology, Sagarmatha Chaudhary Eye Hospital, Lahan, Siraha, Nepal"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Ophthalmology, Sagarmatha Chaudhary Eye Hospital, Lahan, Siraha, Nepal","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4405267493"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101939598","display_name":"Sharad Gupta","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8654-5172","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8654-5172"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4405267493","display_name":"Sagarmatha Chaudhary Eye Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/0301shd75","country_code":"NP","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4405267493"]}],"countries":["NP"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sharad Gupta","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Ophthalmology, Sagarmatha Chaudhary Eye Hospital, Lahan, Siraha, Nepal"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Ophthalmology, Sagarmatha Chaudhary Eye Hospital, Lahan, Siraha, Nepal","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4405267493"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5080544770","display_name":"Padam Raj Bista","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2520-4969","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2520-4969"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Padam Raj Bista","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Ophthalmology, National Medical College and Teaching Hospital, Birgunj, Parsa, Nepal"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Ophthalmology, National Medical College and Teaching Hospital, Birgunj, Parsa, Nepal","institution_ids":[]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.0,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"7","issue":"1","first_page":"14","last_page":"18"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10997","display_name":"Ocular Surface and Contact Lens","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2731","display_name":"Ophthalmology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10997","display_name":"Ocular Surface and Contact Lens","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2731","display_name":"Ophthalmology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12523","display_name":"Nasolacrimal Duct Obstruction Treatments","score":0.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2731","display_name":"Ophthalmology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11521","display_name":"Salivary Gland Disorders and Functions","score":0.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2737","display_name":"Physiology (medical)"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pterygium","display_name":"pterygium","score":1.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/dry-eye-disease","display_name":"dry eye","score":0.8679999709129333},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/tear-production","display_name":"tear secretion","score":0.7979999780654907},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/tear-film-stability","display_name":"tear film stability","score":0.9179999828338623},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/schirmer-test","display_name":"Schirmer test","score":0.9570000171661377},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/tear-film-break-up-time","display_name":"tear film break-up time","score":0.968999981880188},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/lacrimal-function","display_name":"lacrimal function","score":0.843999981880188},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ocular-surface-disease","display_name":"ocular surface disease","score":0.8040000200271606}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778266423","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17142318","display_name":"Pterygium","level":2,"score":0.8829441070556641},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.7562849521636963},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C118487528","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q161437","display_name":"Ophthalmology","level":1,"score":0.5432842969894409},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2908964346","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1891053","display_name":"Schirmer test","level":3,"score":0.4926508069038391},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2908647359","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2625603","display_name":"Population","level":2,"score":0.45017385482788086},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778275304","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q76469","display_name":"Tears","level":2,"score":0.4158599376678467},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C27502469","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q906343","display_name":"Dysfunctional family","level":2,"score":0.41313883662223816},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776883082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1162694","display_name":"Dry eyes","level":2,"score":0.3408281207084656},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C141071460","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q40821","display_name":"Surgery","level":1,"score":0.29814282059669495},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C70410870","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q199906","display_name":"Clinical psychology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C99454951","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q932068","display_name":"Environmental health","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3126/medphoenix.v7i1.47347","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3126/medphoenix.v7i1.47347","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3126/medphoenix.v7i1.47347","pdf_url":"https://www.nepjol.info/index.php/medphoenix/article/download/47347/35659","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210215641","display_name":"Med Phoenix","issn_l":"2392-425X","issn":["2392-425X","2631-1992"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Med Phoenix","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3126/medphoenix.v7i1.47347","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3126/medphoenix.v7i1.47347","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3126/medphoenix.v7i1.47347","pdf_url":"https://www.nepjol.info/index.php/medphoenix/article/download/47347/35659","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210215641","display_name":"Med Phoenix","issn_l":"2392-425X","issn":["2392-425X","2631-1992"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Med Phoenix","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.9537000060081482,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","display_name":"Good health and well-being"}],"study_designs":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/study-designs/observational-study","display_name":"Observational Study"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4292575685.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4292575685.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":18,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1493464640","https://openalex.org/W1971802446","https://openalex.org/W2044597366","https://openalex.org/W2056121981","https://openalex.org/W2066349125","https://openalex.org/W2067526120","https://openalex.org/W2106079454","https://openalex.org/W2123851284","https://openalex.org/W2204076138","https://openalex.org/W2500211526","https://openalex.org/W2604081309","https://openalex.org/W2626256617","https://openalex.org/W2686474901","https://openalex.org/W2777605376","https://openalex.org/W2800656803","https://openalex.org/W2949938147","https://openalex.org/W3152179210","https://openalex.org/W4213176465"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W7169882233","https://openalex.org/W2044597366","https://openalex.org/W2356272653","https://openalex.org/W2601455890","https://openalex.org/W7125579710","https://openalex.org/W2021468104","https://openalex.org/W1599117260","https://openalex.org/W4398146523","https://openalex.org/W2997855363","https://openalex.org/W7096856433"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Introduction:":[0],"Abnormalities":[1],"of":[2,4,7,19,59,64,119,198,225],"any":[3],"the":[5,106,120],"components":[6],"lacrimal":[8],"function":[9],"unit":[10],"can":[11],"lead":[12],"to":[13,53,104],"dysfunctional":[14,229],"tear":[15,226,230],"film":[16,227,231],"and":[17,33,45,90,93,136,157,160,180,209,232],"development":[18],"dry":[20,200,234],"eye.":[21,235],"Dry":[22],"eye":[23,201],"is":[24,214],"a":[25,215],"commonly":[26],"encountered":[27],"problem":[28],"in":[29,133,137,169,173,223],"general":[30],"population.":[31],"Materials":[32],"Methods:":[34],"A":[35,57,135,171],"hospital-based,":[36],"case-control":[37],"study":[38],"was":[39,84,102,111,122,186],"conducted":[40],"at":[41],"National":[42],"Medical":[43],"College":[44],"Teaching":[46],"Hospital,":[47],"Nepal":[48],"from":[49],"1st":[50],"August":[51],"2018":[52],"30th":[54],"July":[55],"2019.":[56],"total":[58],"279":[60],"participants:":[61],"93":[62],"cases":[63],"pterygium":[65,194],"(Group":[66,70],"A:":[67],"case)":[68],"and186":[69],"B:":[71],"control)":[72],"normal":[73,203],"individuals":[74,204],"with":[75,91,128,144,158,193],"no":[76],"ocular":[77,217],"surface":[78,218],"disorder":[79,219],"were":[80,142,163],"enrolled.":[81],"Objective":[82],"analysis":[83],"done":[85],"by":[86],"Schirmer\u2019s":[87],"(SCH)":[88],"without":[89,156],"anesthesia":[92,159],"Tear":[94],"Break":[95],"up":[96],"Time":[97],"(TBUT).":[98],"Dependent":[99],"t":[100],"test":[101],"used":[103],"analyze":[105],"data.":[107],"P":[108],"value":[109],"<0.05":[110],"considered":[112],"statistically":[113,187],"significant.":[114],"Results:":[115],"The":[116,153],"mean":[117,145,154],"age":[118,146],"patients":[121],"47.82":[123],"\u00b111.09":[124],"years":[125,150],"(range":[126,151],"26-71)":[127],"male":[129,143],"being":[130,147],"48":[131],"(51.6%)":[132],"Group":[134,138,170,174],"B,":[139,175],"101":[140],"(54.3%)":[141],"42.16":[148],"\u00b113.13":[149],"32-75).":[152],"SCH":[155],"TBUT":[161],"values":[162],"16.94\u00b15.61mm,":[164],"13.81\u00b15.06mm,":[165],"10.14\u00b1":[166],"4.06":[167],"sec":[168,183],"whereas":[172],"20.39":[176],"\u00b16.08mm,":[177],"16.74":[178],"\u00b15.25mm":[179],"13.05":[181],"\u00b14.32":[182],"respectively":[184],"which":[185,220],"significant":[188],"(p":[189],"<":[190],"0.05).":[191],"Patients":[192],"had":[195],"higher":[196],"risk":[197],"having":[199],"than":[202],"(Odd":[205],"ratios:":[206],"2.69,":[207],"2.44":[208],"2.27":[210],"respectively).":[211],"Conclusion:":[212],"Pterygium":[213],"common":[216],"could":[221],"result":[222],"instability":[224],"indices,":[228],"thus":[233]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-11-04T10:54:05.112534","created_date":"2022-08-22T00:00:00"}
