{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4292373950","doi":"https://doi.org/10.52403/ijrr.20220846","title":"The Effect of Entrepreneurial Motivation and Entrepreneurial Characteristics on the Performance of Traditional Snack Entrepreneurs in Assisted Micro-Enterprises by the Cooperatives and MSMES Office in Medan City Through Competence as an Intervening Variable","display_name":"The Effect of Entrepreneurial Motivation and Entrepreneurial Characteristics on the Performance of Traditional Snack Entrepreneurs in Assisted Micro-Enterprises by the Cooperatives and MSMES Office in Medan City Through Competence as an Intervening Variable","publication_year":2022,"publication_date":"2022-08-18","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4292373950","doi":"https://doi.org/10.52403/ijrr.20220846"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.52403/ijrr.20220846","doi":"https://doi.org/10.52403/ijrr.20220846","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.52403/ijrr.20220846","pdf_url":"https://doi.org/10.52403/ijrr.20220846","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210227086","display_name":"International Journal of Research and Review","issn_l":"2349-9788","issn":["2349-9788","2454-2237"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4323237698","host_organization_name":"Galore Knowledge Publication Pvt. Ltd.","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4323237698"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Galore Knowledge Publication Pvt. Ltd."],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"International Journal of Research and Review","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"diamond","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.52403/ijrr.20220846","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5051763111","display_name":"Cita Ningsih Hidayat","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I254887060","display_name":"Universitas Sumatera Utara","ror":"https://ror.org/01kknrc90","country_code":"ID","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I254887060"]}],"countries":["ID"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Cita Ningsih Hidayat","raw_affiliation_strings":["Master of Management Science Study Program Faculty of Economics and Business Universitas Sumatera Utara"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Master of Management Science Study Program Faculty of Economics and Business Universitas Sumatera Utara","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I254887060"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5038157324","display_name":"Ritha Fatimah Dalimunthe","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6040-5657","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6040-5657","https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6664-6205","https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6154-7355"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I254887060","display_name":"Universitas Sumatera Utara","ror":"https://ror.org/01kknrc90","country_code":"ID","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I254887060"]}],"countries":["ID"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ritha F. Dalimunthe","raw_affiliation_strings":["Master of Management Science Study Program Faculty of Economics and Business Universitas Sumatera Utara"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Master of Management Science Study Program Faculty of Economics and Business Universitas Sumatera Utara","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I254887060"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5112353833","display_name":"A. Rahim Matondang","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I254887060","display_name":"Universitas Sumatera Utara","ror":"https://ror.org/01kknrc90","country_code":"ID","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I254887060"]}],"countries":["ID"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"A. Rahim Matandang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Master of Management Science Study Program Faculty of Economics and Business Universitas Sumatera Utara"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Master of Management Science Study Program Faculty of Economics and Business Universitas Sumatera Utara","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I254887060"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I254887060"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.559,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":4,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.71676554,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":88,"max":95},"biblio":{"volume":"9","issue":"8","first_page":"582","last_page":"609"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10058","display_name":"Entrepreneurship Studies and Influences","score":0.9824000000953674,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1405","display_name":"Management of Technology and Innovation"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/14","display_name":"Business, Management and Accounting"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10058","display_name":"Entrepreneurship Studies and Influences","score":0.9824000000953674,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1405","display_name":"Management of Technology and Innovation"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/14","display_name":"Business, Management and Accounting"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13053","display_name":"SMEs Development and Digital Marketing","score":0.014399999752640724,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1403","display_name":"Business and International Management"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/14","display_name":"Business, Management and Accounting"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13744","display_name":"Financial Literacy and Behavior","score":0.0013000000035390258,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1402","display_name":"Accounting"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/14","display_name":"Business, Management and Accounting"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/entrepreneurial-motivation","display_name":"entrepreneurial motivation","score":1.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/entrepreneurial-characteristics","display_name":"entrepreneurial characteristics","score":1.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/entrepreneurial-performance","display_name":"entrepreneurial performance","score":0.9390000104904175},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/competence","display_name":"competence","score":0.8299999833106995},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/microenterprises","display_name":"microenterprises","score":0.8640000224113464},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/medan","display_name":"Medan","score":0.7429999709129333},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/innovative-personality","display_name":"innovative personality","score":0.5519999861717224},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/entrepreneurship-education","display_name":"entrepreneurship education","score":0.47999998927116394}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C100521375","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2015382","display_name":"Competence (human resources)","level":2,"score":0.593829870223999},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105776082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q617473","display_name":"Likert scale","level":2,"score":0.5601572394371033},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162853370","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q39809","display_name":"Marketing","level":1,"score":0.5075968503952026},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C84309077","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3908516","display_name":"Entrepreneurship","level":2,"score":0.5067866444587708},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144133560","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4830453","display_name":"Business","level":0,"score":0.4811100363731384},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C82793941","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1046024","display_name":"Path analysis (statistics)","level":2,"score":0.44310900568962097},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2908647359","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2625603","display_name":"Population","level":2,"score":0.43778032064437866},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.39690154790878296},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77805123","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q161272","display_name":"Social psychology","level":1,"score":0.11229094862937927},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144024400","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21201","display_name":"Sociology","level":0,"score":0.11051389575004578},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.08814460039138794},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.08057662844657898},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149923435","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q37732","display_name":"Demography","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C10138342","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43015","display_name":"Finance","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138496976","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q175002","display_name":"Developmental psychology","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.52403/ijrr.20220846","doi":"https://doi.org/10.52403/ijrr.20220846","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.52403/ijrr.20220846","pdf_url":"https://doi.org/10.52403/ijrr.20220846","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210227086","display_name":"International Journal of Research and Review","issn_l":"2349-9788","issn":["2349-9788","2454-2237"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4323237698","host_organization_name":"Galore Knowledge Publication Pvt. Ltd.","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4323237698"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Galore Knowledge Publication Pvt. Ltd."],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"International Journal of Research and Review","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.52403/ijrr.20220846","doi":"https://doi.org/10.52403/ijrr.20220846","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.52403/ijrr.20220846","pdf_url":"https://doi.org/10.52403/ijrr.20220846","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210227086","display_name":"International Journal of Research and Review","issn_l":"2349-9788","issn":["2349-9788","2454-2237"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4323237698","host_organization_name":"Galore Knowledge Publication Pvt. Ltd.","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4323237698"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Galore Knowledge Publication Pvt. Ltd."],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"International Journal of Research and Review","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":1.0,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/8","display_name":"Decent work and economic growth"}],"study_designs":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/study-designs/observational-study","display_name":"Observational Study"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4292373950.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4292373950.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":27,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1607572991","https://openalex.org/W1755654355","https://openalex.org/W2138893456","https://openalex.org/W2181088870","https://openalex.org/W2288155300","https://openalex.org/W2562523574","https://openalex.org/W2611046750","https://openalex.org/W2615424857","https://openalex.org/W2746301811","https://openalex.org/W2808537448","https://openalex.org/W2909436677","https://openalex.org/W2966051755","https://openalex.org/W2969359937","https://openalex.org/W2978163724","https://openalex.org/W3003010463","https://openalex.org/W3008723110","https://openalex.org/W3033675539","https://openalex.org/W3093286226","https://openalex.org/W3116294034","https://openalex.org/W3125401994","https://openalex.org/W3132266545","https://openalex.org/W3147925426","https://openalex.org/W3192748744","https://openalex.org/W3194329698","https://openalex.org/W3198684133","https://openalex.org/W4321994597","https://openalex.org/W4321994643"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W3185057081","https://openalex.org/W4288082761","https://openalex.org/W7223242385","https://openalex.org/W4323319635","https://openalex.org/W7216450435","https://openalex.org/W4391483295","https://openalex.org/W7218194141","https://openalex.org/W4309821598","https://openalex.org/W4404762014","https://openalex.org/W4402015529"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"This":[0,110,132,140],"study":[1,111,133,150],"aims":[2],"to":[3,76,81,214],"investigate":[4],"the":[5,15,25,44,50,82,93,157,215],"impact":[6,235],"of":[7,17,46,52,69,84,95,108,125,152],"entrepreneurial":[8,12,47,218,230,236,243,247,250,256],"motivation":[9,88,219,228],"variables":[10],"and":[11,27,62,91,118,129,159,172,206,220,223,229,233,240,249,253],"characteristics":[13,221,231,251],"on":[14,21,58],"performance":[16,48,257],"traditional":[18],"snack":[19],"entrepreneurs":[20],"micro-enterprises":[22],"assisted":[23],"by":[24,156,188],"Cooperatives":[26,158],"MSMEs":[28,160],"Office":[29,161],"in":[30,43,66,71,105,148,162],"Medan":[31,163],"City,":[32],"with":[33,116],"competence":[34,70],"as":[35],"an":[36,78,96,113],"intervening":[37],"variable.":[38],"The":[39,74,146],"problem":[40],"that":[41,55],"occurs":[42],"decrease":[45],"is":[49,103,112],"phenomenon":[51],"training":[53],"activities":[54],"concentrate":[56],"more":[57],"digital":[59,72],"financial":[60],"management":[61],"business":[63],"licenses,":[64],"resulting":[65],"a":[67,123,135],"lack":[68,83],"marketing.":[73],"compulsion":[75],"be":[77],"entrepreneur":[79],"due":[80],"available":[85],"jobs":[86],"affects":[87],"for":[89,138,180,199],"entrepreneurship":[90],"has":[92],"characteristic":[94],"innovative":[97],"personality.":[98],"A":[99],"quantitative":[100],"descriptive":[101,203],"method":[102],"used":[104,134],"this":[106,149],"sort":[107],"study.":[109],"associative":[114],"approach":[115],"primary":[117],"secondary":[119],"data":[120,187,200],"acquired":[121],"via":[122],"series":[124],"questionnaire":[126],"statements,":[127],"interviews,":[128],"documentation":[130],"studies.":[131],"Likert":[136],"scale":[137],"measurement.":[139],"study's":[141,216],"population":[142],"included":[143],"94":[144,153],"people.":[145],"sample":[147],"consists":[151],"micro-entrepreneurs":[154],"developed":[155],"City":[164],"who":[165,175],"are":[166],"at":[167,181],"least":[168,182],"18":[169],"years":[170],"old":[171],"building":[173,178],"members":[174,179],"have":[176],"been":[177],"two":[183],"years.":[184],"Researchers":[185],"obtain":[186],"distributing":[189],"surveys":[190],"using":[191,209],"total":[192],"sampling":[193,196],"or":[194],"saturation":[195],"approaches.":[197],"Techniques":[198],"analysis":[201,205,208],"include":[202],"statistical":[204],"path":[207],"Smart":[210],"PLS":[211],"software.":[212],"According":[213],"findings,":[217],"positively":[222,234,239,252],"significantly":[224,241,254],"affect":[225,255],"competence.":[226,259],"Entrepreneurial":[227,261,263,266],"directly":[232],"performance.":[237,244],"Competency":[238],"influence":[242],"Then,":[245],"competence,":[246],"motivation,":[248],"through":[258],"Keywords:":[260],"Motivation,":[262],"Characteristics,":[264],"Competence,":[265],"Performance":[267]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-11-04T10:54:05.112534","created_date":"2022-08-20T00:00:00"}