{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4291815554","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1111/ajae.12332","title":"Farm labor supply and fruit and vegetable production","display_name":"Farm labor supply and fruit and vegetable production","publication_year":2022,"publication_date":"2022-08-15","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4291815554","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1111/ajae.12332"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1111/ajae.12332","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1111/ajae.12332","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1111/ajae.12332","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S91754907","display_name":"American Journal of Agricultural Economics","issn_l":"0002-9092","issn":["0002-9092","1467-8276"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["abdc-a-star","anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","jufo-3","norway-2","poland-140","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320595","host_organization_name":"Wiley","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320595"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Wiley"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"American Journal of Agricultural Economics","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5006241171","display_name":"Zachariah Rutledge","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9690-1345","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9690-1345"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I55732556","display_name":"Arizona State University","ror":"https://ror.org/03efmqc40","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I55732556"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I87216513","display_name":"Michigan State University","ror":"https://ror.org/05hs6h993","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I87216513"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Zachariah Rutledge","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Agricultural Food, and Resource Economics, Michigan State University  East Lansing Michigan USA","W.P. Carey School of Business Morrison School of Agribusiness at Arizona State University  Mesa Arizona USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Agricultural Food, and Resource Economics, Michigan State University  East Lansing Michigan USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I87216513"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"W.P. Carey School of Business Morrison School of Agribusiness at Arizona State University  Mesa Arizona USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I55732556"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5010289883","display_name":"Pierre M\u00e9rel","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1554-7805","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1554-7805"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4405259493","display_name":"Giannini Foundation of Agricultural Economics","ror":"https://ror.org/02agj4404","country_code":"US","type":"funder","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4387154595","https://openalex.org/I4405259493"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I84218800","display_name":"University of California, Davis","ror":"https://ror.org/05rrcem69","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I84218800"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Pierre M\u00e9rel","raw_affiliation_strings":["Giannini Foundation of Agricultural Economics  Davis California USA","University of California, Davis  Davis California USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Giannini Foundation of Agricultural Economics  Davis California USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4405259493"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of California, Davis  Davis California USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I84218800"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5006241171"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I55732556","https://openalex.org/I87216513"],"apc_list":{"value":3300,"currency":"USD","value_usd":3300},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":5.21,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":29,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.95779868,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"105","issue":"2","first_page":"644","last_page":"673"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11805","display_name":"Agricultural economics and policies","score":0.9771000146865845,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3311","display_name":"Safety Research"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11805","display_name":"Agricultural economics and policies","score":0.9771000146865845,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3311","display_name":"Safety Research"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11898","display_name":"Economics of Agriculture and Food Markets","score":0.005400000140070915,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2002","display_name":"Economics and Econometrics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/20","display_name":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10208","display_name":"Labor market dynamics and wage inequality","score":0.004000000189989805,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2002","display_name":"Economics and Econometrics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/20","display_name":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/farm-labor-supply","display_name":"farm labor supply","score":0.9950000047683716},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fruit-and-vegetable-production","display_name":"fruit and vegetable production","score":0.7879999876022339},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/agricultural-labor","display_name":"agricultural labor","score":0.902999997138977},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/equilibrium-displacement-model","display_name":"equilibrium displacement model","score":0.7649999856948853},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/estimation-bias","display_name":"estimation bias","score":0.6349999904632568},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/crop-yield","display_name":"crop yield","score":0.9580000042915344},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/california-counties","display_name":"California counties","score":0.5360000133514404}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778348673","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q739302","display_name":"Production (economics)","level":2,"score":0.7361624240875244},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.6677258014678955},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134121241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q899301","display_name":"Yield (engineering)","level":2,"score":0.5841576457023621},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C6422946","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q857354","display_name":"Panel data","level":2,"score":0.5639380812644958},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C48824518","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q396340","display_name":"Agricultural economics","level":1,"score":0.5375515818595886},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C137580998","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q235352","display_name":"Crop","level":2,"score":0.5356494784355164},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C96250715","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q965330","display_name":"Estimation","level":2,"score":0.5220280289649963},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779739803","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2355320","display_name":"Labor demand","level":3,"score":0.5072331428527832},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2989409935","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11451","display_name":"Crop production","level":3,"score":0.4822593331336975},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C180075932","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5333342","display_name":"Econometric model","level":2,"score":0.425396591424942},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C118518473","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11451","display_name":"Agriculture","level":2,"score":0.4026104807853699},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149782125","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q160039","display_name":"Econometrics","level":1,"score":0.34728890657424927},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C37621935","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3606845","display_name":"Agricultural science","level":1,"score":0.32972973585128784},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C145236788","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q28161","display_name":"Labour economics","level":1,"score":0.29458722472190857},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39432304","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188847","display_name":"Environmental science","level":0,"score":0.2309187948703766},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777388388","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6821213","display_name":"Wage","level":2,"score":0.20837783813476562},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C6557445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q173113","display_name":"Agronomy","level":1,"score":0.16141188144683838},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C175444787","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q39072","display_name":"Microeconomics","level":1,"score":0.14537063241004944},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205649164","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1071","display_name":"Geography","level":0,"score":0.07016706466674805},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.06742042303085327},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C166957645","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q23498","display_name":"Archaeology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C187736073","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2920921","display_name":"Management","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192562407","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228736","display_name":"Materials science","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C191897082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11467","display_name":"Metallurgy","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1111/ajae.12332","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1111/ajae.12332","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1111/ajae.12332","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S91754907","display_name":"American Journal of Agricultural Economics","issn_l":"0002-9092","issn":["0002-9092","1467-8276"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["abdc-a-star","anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","jufo-3","norway-2","poland-140","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320595","host_organization_name":"Wiley","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320595"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Wiley"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"American Journal of Agricultural Economics","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":1.0,"display_name":"Zero hunger","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/2"},{"score":1.0,"display_name":"Decent work and economic growth","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/8"}],"sustainable_development_goals_aurora":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6979774595","display_name":"R\u00e9seau fran\u00e7ais des instituts d'\u00e9tudes avanc\u00e9es Plus","funder_award_id":"ANR-11-LABX-0027","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320883","funder_display_name":"Agence Nationale de la Recherche"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320311186","display_name":"Giannini Foundation of Agricultural Economics","ror":"https://ror.org/00pjdza24"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320883","display_name":"Agence Nationale de la Recherche","ror":"https://ror.org/00rbzpz17"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":48,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W278021772","https://openalex.org/W1543166152","https://openalex.org/W1788278450","https://openalex.org/W1967130668","https://openalex.org/W2003078580","https://openalex.org/W2014392201","https://openalex.org/W2019052778","https://openalex.org/W2022220920","https://openalex.org/W2034763421","https://openalex.org/W2043868866","https://openalex.org/W2050194582","https://openalex.org/W2051502597","https://openalex.org/W2055116132","https://openalex.org/W2056893158","https://openalex.org/W2072233770","https://openalex.org/W2086369028","https://openalex.org/W2088654591","https://openalex.org/W2089225411","https://openalex.org/W2090525997","https://openalex.org/W2108421949","https://openalex.org/W2117957539","https://openalex.org/W2118459556","https://openalex.org/W2120136506","https://openalex.org/W2120428581","https://openalex.org/W2132413086","https://openalex.org/W2170433190","https://openalex.org/W2241345379","https://openalex.org/W2244820157","https://openalex.org/W2273189401","https://openalex.org/W2342123229","https://openalex.org/W2409939641","https://openalex.org/W2426442779","https://openalex.org/W2592190351","https://openalex.org/W2604481781","https://openalex.org/W2792018968","https://openalex.org/W2808467904","https://openalex.org/W2889489480","https://openalex.org/W2955129033","https://openalex.org/W2968927804","https://openalex.org/W3002657733","https://openalex.org/W3035168585","https://openalex.org/W3091965910","https://openalex.org/W3125063076","https://openalex.org/W3202027062","https://openalex.org/W4200226051","https://openalex.org/W4213361864","https://openalex.org/W4231853715","https://openalex.org/W4251851782"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W607456204","https://openalex.org/W7203443063","https://openalex.org/W7168085987","https://openalex.org/W2914165197","https://openalex.org/W2138761637","https://openalex.org/W3187830255","https://openalex.org/W784700873","https://openalex.org/W3153157140","https://openalex.org/W166738545","https://openalex.org/W1703220382"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Abstract":[0],"This":[1],"study":[2],"provides":[3],"econometric":[4],"estimates":[5,80],"of":[6,9,18,72,90,106,109],"the":[7,16,56,68,88,100,107,120],"effects":[8,129,144],"reductions":[10],"in":[11,47,55,99,117,119,136],"farm":[12,37,101],"labor":[13,57,102],"supply":[14,58,103],"on":[15,145],"production":[17,25,41,118],"hand\u2010harvested":[19],"fruits":[20],"and":[21,26,75,124],"vegetables.":[22],"Using":[23],"crop":[24,40],"employment":[27,38],"data":[28],"from":[29],"California":[30],"counties,":[31],"we":[32,44,60,140],"estimate":[33],"panel":[34],"regressions":[35],"linking":[36],"to":[39,52,66],"outcomes.":[42],"Because":[43],"exploit":[45],"variation":[46,54],"equilibrium":[48,63],"employment,":[49],"as":[50,84],"opposed":[51],"exogenous":[53],"curve,":[59],"use":[61],"an":[62],"displacement":[64],"model":[65],"identify":[67],"most":[69,113],"likely":[70],"sources":[71],"estimation":[73],"bias":[74],"conclude":[76],"that":[77,95],"our":[78],"regression":[79],"should":[81],"be":[82],"interpreted":[83],"upper":[85],"bounds":[86],"for":[87],"effect":[89],"interest.":[91],"Our":[92],"results":[93],"indicate":[94],"a":[96,114,134],"10%":[97],"decrease":[98],"(in":[104],"terms":[105],"number":[108],"workers)":[110],"causes":[111],"at":[112],"4.2%":[115],"reduction":[116,135],"top":[121],"10":[122],"fruit":[123],"vegetable":[125],"producing":[126],"counties.":[127],"Production":[128],"are":[130],"channeled":[131],"primarily":[132],"through":[133],"harvested":[137],"acreage,":[138],"although":[139],"also":[141],"uncover":[142],"some":[143],"yield.":[146]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":11},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":12},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-10-30T12:39:25.321706","created_date":"2022-08-16T00:00:00"}