{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4290488187","doi":"https://doi.org/10.11648/j.aff.20221101.16","title":"Effect of Compost and Blended NPS Fertilizers on Yield and Yield Components of Food Barley (Hordeum Vulgare L.) at Welmera District, Central Highland of Ethiopia","display_name":"Effect of Compost and Blended NPS Fertilizers on Yield and Yield Components of Food Barley (Hordeum Vulgare L.) at Welmera District, Central Highland of Ethiopia","publication_year":2022,"publication_date":"2022-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4290488187","doi":"https://doi.org/10.11648/j.aff.20221101.16"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.11648/j.aff.20221101.16","doi":"https://doi.org/10.11648/j.aff.20221101.16","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.11648/j.aff.20221101.16","pdf_url":"https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.aff.20221101.16.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764997759","display_name":"Agriculture Forestry and Fisheries","issn_l":"2328-563X","issn":["2328-563X","2328-5648"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319272","host_organization_name":"Science Publishing Group","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319272"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Science Publishing Group"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"diamond","oa_url":"https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.aff.20221101.16.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5054422140","display_name":"Worku Ajema","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4405257672","display_name":"Oda Bultum University","ror":"https://ror.org/05j2hty04","country_code":"ET","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4405257672"]}],"countries":["ET"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Worku Ajema","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Soil Resources and Watershed Management, Oda Bultum University, Chiro, Ethiopia"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Soil Resources and Watershed Management, Oda Bultum University, Chiro, Ethiopia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4405257672"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5077214946","display_name":"Tesfaye Wakgari","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0004-6866-7845","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0009-0004-6866-7845"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210114632","display_name":"Ambo University","ror":"https://ror.org/02e6z0y17","country_code":"ET","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210114632"]}],"countries":["ET"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Tesfaye Wakgari","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Natural Resource Management, Ambo University, Ambo, Ethiopia"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Natural Resource Management, Ambo University, Ambo, Ethiopia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210114632"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5088518643","display_name":"Girma Chala","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4405257461","display_name":"Holetta Agricultural Research Center","ror":"https://ror.org/059vc0x72","country_code":"ET","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4405257461","https://openalex.org/I49595703"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I49595703","display_name":"Ethiopian Institute of Agricultural Research","ror":"https://ror.org/01mhm6x57","country_code":"ET","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I49595703"]}],"countries":["ET"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Girma Chala","raw_affiliation_strings":["Ethiopian Institute of Agricultural Research, Holeta Agricultural Research Center, Holeta, Ethiopia"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Ethiopian Institute of Agricultural Research, Holeta Agricultural Research Center, Holeta, Ethiopia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4405257461","https://openalex.org/I49595703"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.1255,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":1,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.40651043,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":93},"biblio":{"volume":"11","issue":"1","first_page":"34","last_page":"34"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12294","display_name":"Agricultural Science and Fertilization","score":0.9980000257492065,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1111","display_name":"Soil Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12294","display_name":"Agricultural Science and Fertilization","score":0.9980000257492065,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1111","display_name":"Soil Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13246","display_name":"Agriculture, Plant Science, Crop Management","score":0.0006000000284984708,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1110","display_name":"Plant Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12754","display_name":"Plant Growth and Agriculture Techniques","score":0.00039999998989515007,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1111","display_name":"Soil Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/food-barley","display_name":"food barley","score":0.878000020980835},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/barley","display_name":"barley","score":0.9959999918937683},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/compost","display_name":"compost","score":0.9850000143051147},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/nps-fertilizer","display_name":"NPS fertilizer","score":0.800000011920929},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/integrated-soil-fertility-management","display_name":"integrated soil fertility management","score":0.9139999747276306},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/grain-yield","display_name":"grain yield","score":0.7710000276565552},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/yield-components","display_name":"yield components","score":0.9980000257492065},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/nitisols","display_name":"Nitisols","score":0.9169999957084656},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/soil-organic-matter-depletion","display_name":"soil organic matter depletion","score":0.6690000295639038},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/economic-analysis","display_name":"economic analysis","score":0.5440000295639038},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/marginal-rate-of-return","display_name":"marginal rate of return","score":0.8379999995231628},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/central-highlands-of-ethiopia","display_name":"central highlands of Ethiopia","score":0.8299999833106995},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/tillering","display_name":"tillering","score":0.5009999871253967},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/harvest-index","display_name":"harvest index","score":0.75},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/biomass-yield","display_name":"biomass yield","score":0.7549999952316284},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sustainable-crop-production","display_name":"sustainable crop production","score":0.5619999766349792},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/inorganic-fertilizer-alternatives","display_name":"inorganic fertilizer alternatives","score":0.5619999766349792},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/soil-fertility-maintenance","display_name":"soil fertility conservation","score":0.4490000009536743}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780739461","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q212254","display_name":"Compost","level":2,"score":0.8241140842437744},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780560099","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q83323","display_name":"Fertilizer","level":2,"score":0.7131240367889404},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C6557445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q173113","display_name":"Agronomy","level":1,"score":0.6811323761940002},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144938864","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4927286","display_name":"Randomized block design","level":2,"score":0.6599579453468323},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779587293","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7622360","display_name":"Straw","level":2,"score":0.607474684715271},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2993665447","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11577","display_name":"Hordeum vulgare","level":3,"score":0.5992886424064636},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134121241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q899301","display_name":"Yield (engineering)","level":2,"score":0.547508716583252},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142796444","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q181394","display_name":"Nutrient","level":2,"score":0.506506085395813},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C113578266","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1131303","display_name":"Loam","level":3,"score":0.4741708040237427},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.46394631266593933},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C75639521","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1283519","display_name":"Field experiment","level":2,"score":0.4558888077735901},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C137580998","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q235352","display_name":"Crop","level":2,"score":0.4235367178916931},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39432304","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188847","display_name":"Environmental science","level":0,"score":0.3371219038963318},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159750122","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q96621023","display_name":"Soil water","level":2,"score":0.26440322399139404},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.241488516330719},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.18331032991409302},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C46757340","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43238","display_name":"Poaceae","level":2,"score":0.1653040647506714},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C178790620","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11351","display_name":"Organic chemistry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192562407","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228736","display_name":"Materials science","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C191897082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11467","display_name":"Metallurgy","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159390177","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9161265","display_name":"Soil science","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.11648/j.aff.20221101.16","doi":"https://doi.org/10.11648/j.aff.20221101.16","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.11648/j.aff.20221101.16","pdf_url":"https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.aff.20221101.16.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764997759","display_name":"Agriculture Forestry and Fisheries","issn_l":"2328-563X","issn":["2328-563X","2328-5648"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319272","host_organization_name":"Science Publishing Group","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319272"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Science Publishing Group"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.11648/j.aff.20221101.16","doi":"https://doi.org/10.11648/j.aff.20221101.16","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.11648/j.aff.20221101.16","pdf_url":"https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.aff.20221101.16.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764997759","display_name":"Agriculture Forestry and Fisheries","issn_l":"2328-563X","issn":["2328-563X","2328-5648"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319272","host_organization_name":"Science Publishing Group","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319272"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Science Publishing Group"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":1.0,"display_name":"Zero hunger","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/2"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4290488187.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4290488187.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":36,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W154740859","https://openalex.org/W566149836","https://openalex.org/W1499262104","https://openalex.org/W1557745476","https://openalex.org/W1580862596","https://openalex.org/W1599840707","https://openalex.org/W1642724957","https://openalex.org/W1805572544","https://openalex.org/W1806421555","https://openalex.org/W1979242398","https://openalex.org/W1986416745","https://openalex.org/W2069687969","https://openalex.org/W2075435443","https://openalex.org/W2101433724","https://openalex.org/W2106227510","https://openalex.org/W2162774880","https://openalex.org/W2164534845","https://openalex.org/W2164695314","https://openalex.org/W2184553254","https://openalex.org/W2200187139","https://openalex.org/W2202027645","https://openalex.org/W2789402830","https://openalex.org/W2790557725","https://openalex.org/W2800296195","https://openalex.org/W2807338978","https://openalex.org/W2901805510","https://openalex.org/W2909511481","https://openalex.org/W2912056796","https://openalex.org/W2915775430","https://openalex.org/W2938525655","https://openalex.org/W2984334572","https://openalex.org/W3035950554","https://openalex.org/W3135402029","https://openalex.org/W3156116467","https://openalex.org/W6675950235","https://openalex.org/W6835351378"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4290005078","https://openalex.org/W3194199218","https://openalex.org/W4405212243","https://openalex.org/W4205834271","https://openalex.org/W2809664694","https://openalex.org/W2019155597","https://openalex.org/W7166652166","https://openalex.org/W2901805510","https://openalex.org/W7166749400","https://openalex.org/W4383114829"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Soil":[0],"nutrient":[1,176],"depletion":[2],"under":[3],"losing":[4],"of":[5,25,28,42,53,67,95,98,108,193,218,234,241,249,263,273,275,294,315,319],"soil":[6,285,308],"organic":[7],"matter":[8],"consequently":[9],"continuous":[10],"cultivation":[11],"and":[12,44,50,103,116,119,158,182,199,211,223,253,287,298],"low":[13],"input":[14],"are":[15],"among":[16],"the":[17,22,26,40,64,169,173,215,235,239,242,247,259,269,278,304,313,316],"major":[18],"issues":[19],"that":[20,147,246,282],"oblige":[21],"sustainable":[23,352],"productivity":[24],"yield":[27,49,51,189,233],"barley":[29,55,135,236,289,323,354],"at":[30,56,220,227,325,332],"Welmera":[31],"area.":[32],"A":[33],"study":[34,280],"was,":[35],"hence,":[36],"lead":[37],"to":[38,150,154,168,283,342,345],"explore":[39],"impact":[41],"compost":[43,99,181,219,252,297],"NPS":[45,110,165,183,225,256,301],"fertilizer":[46,111,123,166,184,226,257,302],"combination":[47],"on":[48,61,188],"components":[52],"food":[54,353],"Holeta":[57],"Agricultural":[58],"Research":[59],"Center":[60],"Nitisols":[62],"in":[63,69,82,88,312],"central":[65],"highlands":[66],"Ethiopia":[68],"2019/2020":[70],"cropping":[71,339],"season.":[72],"To":[73],"achieve":[74],"this":[75,326],"objective,":[76],"a":[77,83,89,141,231,347],"field":[78],"trial":[79],"was":[80,138,303],"arranged":[81],"randomized":[84],"complete":[85],"block":[86],"design":[87],"factorial":[90],"arrangement.":[91],"The":[92,144],"treatments":[93],"consisted":[94],"four":[96],"rates":[97,107],"(0,":[100,112],"4,":[101],"8,":[102],"12":[104],"t/ha),":[105],"five":[106],"blended":[109],"100,":[113],"150,":[114],"200,":[115],"250":[117],"kg/ha)":[118,229],"blanket":[120],"recommended":[121],"NP":[122],"(60":[124],"kg/ha":[125,129,255,300],"N":[126],"+":[127],"69":[128],"P2O5)":[130],"as":[131,140],"standard":[132],"check.":[133],"Food":[134],"(HB-1304":[136],"variety)":[137],"used":[139],"test":[142],"crop.":[143,237],"result":[145],"revealed":[146],"50%":[148],"day":[149,153],"heading,":[151],"90%":[152],"maturity,":[155],"plant":[156],"height,":[157],"spike":[159],"length":[160],"were":[161],"positively":[162],"influenced":[163],"by":[164],"applied":[167],"experimental":[170],"plots.":[171],"On":[172],"contrary,":[174],"synergistic":[175],"interaction":[177],"effect":[178],"sourced":[179],"from":[180],"brought":[185],"positive":[186],"influence":[187],"parameters":[190],"(total":[191],"number":[192],"tillers,":[194],"effective":[195],"tillers":[196],"per":[197,201],"plant,":[198],"grain":[200,209],"spike,":[202],"thousand-grain":[203],"yield,":[204,206,208,210],"biomass":[205],"straw":[207],"harvest":[212],"index).":[213],"Moreover,":[214],"collective":[216],"use":[217,293],"(8":[221],"t/ha)":[222],"mineral":[224],"(150":[228],"has":[230],"better-improved":[232],"Likewise,":[238],"outcome":[240],"economic":[243,261],"analysis":[244],"showed":[245],"application":[248,318],"8":[250,295],"t/ha":[251,296],"150":[254,299],"gave":[258],"highest":[260],"benefit":[262],"70528":[264],"Ethiopian":[265],"birr":[266],"ha-1":[267],"with":[268],"maximum":[270],"marginal":[271],"rate":[272],"return":[274],"1504%.":[276],"Hence,":[277],"current":[279],"recommends":[281],"maintain":[284],"fertility":[286,309],"sustain":[288],"crop":[290],"production":[291,324],"combined":[292],"best":[305],"alternate":[306],"integrated":[307],"management":[310],"choice":[311],"position":[314],"sole":[317],"inorganic":[320],"fertilizers":[321],"for":[322,335,351],"area":[327],"reluctantly.":[328],"Nevertheless,":[329],"further":[330],"studies":[331],"different":[333],"locations":[334],"more":[336,348],"than":[337],"one":[338],"season":[340],"ought":[341],"be":[343],"considered":[344],"provide":[346],"conclusive":[349],"recommendation":[350],"production.":[355]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-11-04T10:54:05.112534","created_date":"2022-08-08T00:00:00"}
