{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4290466095","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/electronics11152450","title":"A Compact mmWave MIMO Antenna for Future Wireless Networks","display_name":"A Compact mmWave MIMO Antenna for Future Wireless Networks","publication_year":2022,"publication_date":"2022-08-06","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4290466095","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/electronics11152450"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/electronics11152450","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/electronics11152450","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/electronics11152450","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2079-9292/11/15/2450/pdf?version=1660027678","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210202905","display_name":"Electronics","issn_l":"2079-9292","issn":["2079-9292"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","norway-1","poland-100","russia-white-list-2","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Electronics","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2079-9292/11/15/2450/pdf?version=1660027678","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100695559","display_name":"Muhammad Imran Khan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6667-0662","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6667-0662"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210112203","display_name":"CECOS University","ror":"https://ror.org/01xyxtp53","country_code":"PK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210112203"]}],"countries":["PK"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Muhammad Imran Khan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical Engineering, CECOS University, Peshawar 25000, Pakistan"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical Engineering, CECOS University, Peshawar 25000, Pakistan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210112203"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5103023844","display_name":"Sarmadullah Khan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6284-9267","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6284-9267"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I66943878","display_name":"De Montfort University","ror":"https://ror.org/0312pnr83","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I66943878"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sarmadullah Khan","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Computer Science and Informatics, De Montfort University, The Gateway, Leicester LE1 9BH, UK"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6284-9267","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computer Science and Informatics, De Montfort University, The Gateway, Leicester LE1 9BH, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I66943878"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5056783765","display_name":"Saad Hassan Kiani","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5004-9350","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5004-9350"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I142024983","display_name":"Prince Sultan University","ror":"https://ror.org/053mqrf26","country_code":"SA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I142024983"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4405278244","display_name":"IIC University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/05eztjh21","country_code":"KH","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4405278244"]}],"countries":["KH","SA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Saad Hassan Kiani","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical Engineering, IIC University of Technology, Phnom Penh 121206, Cambodia","Smart Systems Engineering Laboratory, College of Engineering, Prince Sultan University, Riyadh 11586, Saudi Arabia"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5004-9350","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical Engineering, IIC University of Technology, Phnom Penh 121206, Cambodia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4405278244"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Smart Systems Engineering Laboratory, College of Engineering, Prince Sultan University, Riyadh 11586, Saudi Arabia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I142024983"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5075937367","display_name":"Naser Ojaroudi Parchin","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8375-0269","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8375-0269"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I251738","display_name":"Edinburgh Napier University","ror":"https://ror.org/03zjvnn91","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I251738"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Naser Ojaroudi Parchin","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Engineering and the Built Environment, Edinburgh Napier University, Edinburgh EH10 5DT, UK"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8375-0269","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Engineering and the Built Environment, Edinburgh Napier University, Edinburgh EH10 5DT, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I251738"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5012372158","display_name":"Khalid Mahmood","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8288-6604","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8288-6604"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I53831458","display_name":"Abasyn University","ror":"https://ror.org/05ws11813","country_code":"PK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I53831458"]}],"countries":["PK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Khalid Mahmood","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical Engineering, Abasyn University, Peshawar 25000, Pakistan"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical Engineering, Abasyn University, Peshawar 25000, Pakistan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I53831458"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5055023642","display_name":"Umair Rafique","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6515-7813","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6515-7813"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I861853513","display_name":"Sapienza University of Rome","ror":"https://ror.org/02be6w209","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I861853513"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Umair Rafique","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Information Engineering, Electronics and Telecommunications, Sapienza University of Rome, 00184 Rome, Italy"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6515-7813","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Information Engineering, Electronics and Telecommunications, Sapienza University of Rome, 00184 Rome, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I861853513"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5104254837","display_name":"Mansoor Qadir","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9047-9734","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9047-9734"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I3130537802","display_name":"Iqra National University","ror":"https://ror.org/0254sa076","country_code":"PK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I3130537802"]}],"countries":["PK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Muhammad Mansoor Qadir","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science, Iqra National University, Peshawar 25000, Pakistan"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9047-9734","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science, Iqra National University, Peshawar 25000, Pakistan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I3130537802"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":5,"institutions_distinct_count":8,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5075937367","https://openalex.org/A5100695559"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I251738","https://openalex.org/I4210112203"],"apc_list":{"value":2000,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2094},"apc_paid":{"value":2000,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2094},"fwci":4.0873,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":62,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.95610896,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":93,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"11","issue":"15","first_page":"2450","last_page":"2450"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10069","display_name":"Antenna Design and Analysis","score":0.9984999895095825,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10069","display_name":"Antenna Design and Analysis","score":0.9984999895095825,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10262","display_name":"Microwave Engineering and Waveguides","score":0.0003000000142492354,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11383","display_name":"Advanced Antenna and Metasurface Technologies","score":0.0003000000142492354,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mimo-antenna","display_name":"MIMO antenna","score":0.9549999833106995},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/millimeter-wave-antenna","display_name":"millimeter-wave antennas","score":0.8209999799728394},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/polarization-diversity","display_name":"polarization diversity","score":0.7860000133514404},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/rogers-rt-duroid-5880-substrate","display_name":"Rogers RT5880 substrate","score":0.8799999952316284},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/inter-element-isolation","display_name":"inter-element isolation","score":0.7379999756813049},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/compact-antenna-design","display_name":"compact antenna design","score":0.7789999842643738}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C207987634","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q176862","display_name":"MIMO","level":3,"score":0.7095463275909424},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24326235","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q126095","display_name":"Electronic engineering","level":1,"score":0.5424526333808899},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C165650700","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4636347","display_name":"3G MIMO","level":4,"score":0.4983832836151123},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.4100542962551117},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119599485","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43035","display_name":"Electrical engineering","level":1,"score":0.4009484052658081},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.3642805218696594},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C54197355","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5782992","display_name":"Beamforming","level":2,"score":0.061442941427230835}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/electronics11152450","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/electronics11152450","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/electronics11152450","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2079-9292/11/15/2450/pdf?version=1660027678","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210202905","display_name":"Electronics","issn_l":"2079-9292","issn":["2079-9292"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","norway-1","poland-100","russia-white-list-2","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Electronics","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:b8918c8ac5c640639caf7f380b985818","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/b8918c8ac5c640639caf7f380b985818","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Electronics, Vol 11, Iss 2450, p 2450 (2022)","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:repository@napier.ac.uk:2896389","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://researchrepository.napier.ac.uk/Output/2896389","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402591","display_name":"Edinburgh Napier Research Repository (Edinburgh Napier University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I251738","host_organization_name":"Edinburgh Napier University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I251738"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Journal Article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/electronics11152450","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/electronics11152450","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/electronics11152450","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2079-9292/11/15/2450/pdf?version=1660027678","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210202905","display_name":"Electronics","issn_l":"2079-9292","issn":["2079-9292"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","norway-1","poland-100","russia-white-list-2","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Electronics","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4290466095.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4290466095.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":19,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1988479411","https://openalex.org/W2034847907","https://openalex.org/W2052190282","https://openalex.org/W2793970915","https://openalex.org/W2998094502","https://openalex.org/W3036386291","https://openalex.org/W3111124123","https://openalex.org/W3141525486","https://openalex.org/W3171413849","https://openalex.org/W3185082025","https://openalex.org/W3194681475","https://openalex.org/W3198721942","https://openalex.org/W4210530793","https://openalex.org/W4212874558","https://openalex.org/W4220835385","https://openalex.org/W4224289690","https://openalex.org/W4224994262","https://openalex.org/W4226300896","https://openalex.org/W4280566533"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4404141649","https://openalex.org/W4412948120","https://openalex.org/W4414010138","https://openalex.org/W4224313591","https://openalex.org/W4225778009","https://openalex.org/W4378842140","https://openalex.org/W7168090422","https://openalex.org/W4362471428","https://openalex.org/W4401672626","https://openalex.org/W4225641108"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"This":[0],"article":[1],"presents":[2],"a":[3,26,61,104],"four-element":[4],"multiple-input":[5],"multiple-output":[6],"(MIMO)":[7],"antenna":[8,18,45,83,120,152],"design":[9],"for":[10],"next-generation":[11],"millimeter-wave":[12],"(mmWave)":[13],"communication":[14],"systems.":[15],"The":[16,40,51],"single":[17,44],"element":[19],"of":[20,25,42,100,107],"the":[21,43,74,81,98,117,129,137,141,149],"MIMO":[22,52,82,114,119,151],"systems":[23],"consists":[24],"T-shaped":[27],"and":[28,124],"plow-shaped":[29],"patch":[30],"radiator":[31],"designed":[32,55],"on":[33],"an":[34],"ultra-thin":[35],"Rogers":[36],"RT/Duroid":[37],"5880":[38],"substrate.":[39],"dimensions":[41,67],"are":[46,68,132],"10":[47],"\u00d7":[48,70],"12":[49],"mm2.":[50,72],"system":[53,121,153],"is":[54,78,110,122,126],"by":[56],"placing":[57],"four":[58],"elements":[59],"in":[60,133,157],"polarization":[62],"diversity":[63],"configuration":[64],"whose":[65],"overall":[66],"24":[69,71],"From":[73],"measured":[75,138],"results,":[76,143],"it":[77,125,144],"observed":[79],"that":[80,128,148],"provides":[84],"9.23":[85],"GHz":[86],"impedance":[87],"bandwidth":[88],"ranging":[89],"from":[90],"22.43":[91],"to":[92],"31.66":[93],"GHz.":[94],"In":[95],"addition,":[96],"without":[97],"utilization":[99],"any":[101],"decoupling":[102],"network,":[103],"minimum":[105],"isolation":[106],"25":[108],"dB":[109],"achieved":[111,142],"between":[112],"adjacent":[113],"elements.":[115],"Furthermore,":[116],"proposed":[118,150],"fabricated,":[123],"noted":[127],"simulated":[130],"results":[131],"good":[134],"agreement":[135],"with":[136],"results.":[139],"Through":[140],"can":[145,154],"be":[146,155],"said":[147],"used":[156],"5G":[158],"mmWave":[159],"radio":[160],"frequency":[161],"(RF)":[162],"front-ends.":[163]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":27},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":23},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-11-04T10:54:05.112534","created_date":"2022-08-08T00:00:00"}
