{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4289946037","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1308/fos2.2022","title":"Future of Surgery: Technology Enhanced Surgical Training: Report of the FOS:TEST Commission","display_name":"Future of Surgery: Technology Enhanced Surgical Training: Report of the FOS:TEST Commission","publication_year":2022,"publication_date":"2022-08-05","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4289946037","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1308/fos2.2022"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1308/fos2.2022","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1308/fos2.2022","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1308/fos2.2022","pdf_url":"https://futureofsurgery.rcseng.ac.uk/wp-content/uploads/2022/08/FOS_Test_Report_2022.pdf","source":null,"license":"other-oa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Association of Surgeons in Training","raw_type":"report"},"volume":null,"type":"report","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://futureofsurgery.rcseng.ac.uk/wp-content/uploads/2022/08/FOS_Test_Report_2022.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":null},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5006500975","display_name":"Oliver Adebayo","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1947-8074","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1947-8074"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Oliver Adebayo","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1947-8074","affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5064163964","display_name":"Joanna Aldoori","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5695-0000","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5695-0000"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Joanna Aldoori","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5695-0000","affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5010740611","display_name":"William Allum","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4540-9286","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4540-9286"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"William Allum","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5086308736","display_name":"Noel Aruparayil","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2898-772X","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2898-772X"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Noel Aruparayil","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2898-772X","affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5005624631","display_name":"Abdul Badran","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2423-0658","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2423-0658","https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0107-2570"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Abdul Badran","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0107-2570","affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5054501000","display_name":"Jasmine Winter Beatty","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2145-6977","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2145-6977"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jasmine Winter Beatty","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2145-6977","affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5004539811","display_name":"Sanchita Bhatia","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9354-6832","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9354-6832"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sanchita Bhatia","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9354-6832","affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"William Bolton","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"William Bolton","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5112249510","display_name":"Lolade Giwa","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9683-5074","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9683-5074"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Lolade Giwa-Brown","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5091253842","display_name":"Josh Burke","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4027-747X","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4027-747X"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Josh Burke","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4027-747X","affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5048521928","display_name":"Harry J Carr","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6911-2823","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6911-2823"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Harry J Carr","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6911-2823","affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5085753373","display_name":"Yeonwoo Chae","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yeonwoo Chae","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5086394861","display_name":"Joshua Michael Clements","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7560-8377","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7560-8377"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Joshua Clements","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7560-8377","affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5016108100","display_name":"Charlotte El\u2010Sayed","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5994-5645","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5994-5645"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Charlotte El-Sayed","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5102797995","display_name":"William Foster","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3894-7502","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3894-7502"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"William Foster","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3894-7502","affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5031000713","display_name":"Tamara Gall","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3972-268X","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3972-268X"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Tamara Gall","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5108780239","display_name":"Manish M. George","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2973-3219","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2973-3219"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Manish George","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2973-3219","affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5031332506","display_name":"Francesca L. Guest","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Francesca Guest","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5074067231","display_name":"Makinah Haq","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1674-0324","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1674-0324"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Makinah Haq","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1674-0324","affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"John Hardie","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3991-5553","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3991-5553"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"John Hardie","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3991-5553","affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5068217301","display_name":"Matthew Harris","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7326-3413","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7326-3413"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Matthew Harris","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7326-3413","affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Neil Harvey","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Neil Harvey","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5006358861","display_name":"Antonia C. Hoyle","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7620-5171","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7620-5171"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Antonia Hoyle","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7620-5171","affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5059386384","display_name":"Arif Hanafi Bin Jalal","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8909-9948","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8909-9948"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Arif Hanafi Bin Jalal","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8909-9948","affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5112856578","display_name":"Gnararaj Jesudian","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Gnararaj Jesudian","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7444-5892","affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5055269828","display_name":"Natasha Jiwa","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9034-6897","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9034-6897"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Natasha Jiwa","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5053031112","display_name":"Neeraj Kalra","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6737-6219","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6737-6219"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Neeraj Kalra","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5024814695","display_name":"Karan Kapur","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8771-8861","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8771-8861"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Karan Kapur","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8771-8861","affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5045719834","display_name":"Michal Kawka","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5826-8355","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5826-8355"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Michal Kawka","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5826-8355","affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5069966146","display_name":"Fawz Kazzazi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0752-7839","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0752-7839"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Fawz Kazzazi","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0752-7839","affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5021238597","display_name":"Natasha Keates","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Natasha Keates","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5067975856","display_name":"Oliver Kennion","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3128-9401","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3128-9401"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Oliver Kennion","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3128-9401","affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5051238619","display_name":"Martin King","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7918-7020","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7918-7020"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Martin King","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7918-7020","affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Angela Lam","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Angela Lam","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5005009781","display_name":"Gedeon Lemma","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Gedeon Lemma","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5063548898","display_name":"Jun Wei Lim","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4528-4193","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4528-4193"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jun Wei Lim","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4528-4193","affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5014606628","display_name":"Patrick Longman","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Patrick Longman","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5016519479","display_name":"Mark Mikhail","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2644-844X","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2644-844X"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mark Mikhail","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Walid Mohammed","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Walid Mohammed","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5082639728","display_name":"Omar Nasher","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5463-0142","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5463-0142"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Omar Nasher","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5055705880","display_name":"Victoria Ngai","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6515-1227","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6515-1227"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Victoria Ngai","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6515-1227","affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5081651193","display_name":"Michael Okocha","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8819-7404","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8819-7404"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Michael Okocha","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5085205979","display_name":"Anand S Pandit","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4936-4916","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4936-4916"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Anand Pandit","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4936-4916","affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5081839582","display_name":"Victoria Pegna","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0678-1218","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0678-1218"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Victoria Pegna","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5110585218","display_name":"Haroon Rehman","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0264-0389","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0264-0389"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Haroon Rehman","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0264-0389","affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5018702935","display_name":"Conor Toale","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4858-4813","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4858-4813"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Conor Toale","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Eleanor Walker","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Eleanor Walker","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5079394188","display_name":"Jack Wellington","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5511-1491","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5511-1491"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jack Wellington","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5511-1491","affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5113867865","display_name":"Catherine Wicks","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Catherine Wicks","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5030615643","display_name":"Martin Birchall","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9211-1722","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9211-1722"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Martin Birchall","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5036625980","display_name":"Peter A. Brennan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4804-3264","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4804-3264"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Peter Brennan","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4804-3264","affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5026789214","display_name":"Deena Pravin Harji","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8493-3312","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8493-3312"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Deena Harji","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8493-3312","affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5060320191","display_name":"Ekpemi Irune","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2795-6825","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2795-6825"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ekpemi Irune","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2795-6825","affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5078371582","display_name":"Gnananandan Janakan","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Gnananandan Janakan","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"David Jayne","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"David Jayne","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5065039969","display_name":"Frank D. McDermott","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4891-1191","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4891-1191"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Frank D McDermott","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4891-1191","affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5006296506","display_name":"Paul Gerard McMenamin","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7141-1283","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7141-1283"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Paul McMenamin","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7141-1283","affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5109040495","display_name":"Chris Munsch","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3204-2112","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3204-2112"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Chris Munsch","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Steve Payne","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Steve Payne","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5112377118","display_name":"Mark Bernard Peter","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2294-0696","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2294-0696"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mark Peter","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5079064668","display_name":"Ricci Plastow","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4820-8831","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4820-8831"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ricci Plastow","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5035229284","display_name":"Hassiba Smail","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3176-5535","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3176-5535"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hassiba Smail","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5016546285","display_name":"Celia Theodoreli-Riga","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Celia Theodoreli-Riga","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Andrew Robson","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Andrew Robson","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5008612542","display_name":"Peter Culmer","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2867-0420","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2867-0420"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Peter Culmer","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2867-0420","affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5091513148","display_name":"Jacqueline Mallender","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5839-4362","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5839-4362"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jacque Mallender","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5839-4362","affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Richard Price","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Richard Price","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":0,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":9,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10916","display_name":"Surgical Simulation and Training","score":0.9965999722480774,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2746","display_name":"Surgery"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10916","display_name":"Surgical Simulation and Training","score":0.9965999722480774,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2746","display_name":"Surgery"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10254","display_name":"Innovations in Medical Education","score":0.0026000000070780516,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2739","display_name":"Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11984","display_name":"Anatomy and Medical Technology","score":0.00039999998989515007,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2204","display_name":"Biomedical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/surgical-training","display_name":"surgical training","score":0.8690000176429749},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/surgical-training-needs","display_name":"surgical training needs","score":0.5979999899864197},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/surgical-simulation","display_name":"surgical simulation","score":0.4569999873638153},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/surgical-robotics","display_name":"surgical robotics","score":0.6600000262260437},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/digital-surgery","display_name":"digital surgery","score":0.7369999885559082},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/big-data-ethics","display_name":"big data ethics","score":0.7870000004768372},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/technology-adoption","display_name":"technology adoption","score":0.42800000309944153},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/health-economics","display_name":"health economics","score":0.5199999809265137},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sustainability","display_name":"sustainability","score":0.5839999914169312},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/operating-room-staff","display_name":"surgical workforce","score":0.3700000047683716}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776034101","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1509347","display_name":"Commission","level":2,"score":0.63782799243927},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777267654","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3519023","display_name":"Test (biology)","level":2,"score":0.5426746606826782},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C509550671","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q126945","display_name":"Medical education","level":1,"score":0.5368085503578186},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C20387591","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q930752","display_name":"Specialty","level":2,"score":0.5238835215568542},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.500211238861084},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C160735492","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q31207","display_name":"Health care","level":2,"score":0.48664650321006775},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.2508692741394043},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C512399662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3505712","display_name":"Family medicine","level":1,"score":0.15508770942687988},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C151730666","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7205","display_name":"Paleontology","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1308/fos2.2022","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1308/fos2.2022","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1308/fos2.2022","pdf_url":"https://futureofsurgery.rcseng.ac.uk/wp-content/uploads/2022/08/FOS_Test_Report_2022.pdf","source":null,"license":"other-oa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Association of Surgeons in Training","raw_type":"report"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1308/fos2.2022","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1308/fos2.2022","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1308/fos2.2022","pdf_url":"https://futureofsurgery.rcseng.ac.uk/wp-content/uploads/2022/08/FOS_Test_Report_2022.pdf","source":null,"license":"other-oa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Association of Surgeons in Training","raw_type":"report"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.9074000120162964,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","display_name":"Good health and well-being"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320319990","display_name":"National Institute for Health and Care Research","ror":"https://ror.org/0187kwz08"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320014","display_name":"Royal College of Surgeons of England","ror":"https://ror.org/02qrg5a24"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320242","display_name":"Royal College of Surgeons of Edinburgh","ror":"https://ror.org/021a7d287"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4289946037.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4289946037.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":259,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W147860449","https://openalex.org/W204048684","https://openalex.org/W1194883157","https://openalex.org/W1484337307","https://openalex.org/W1485843649","https://openalex.org/W1495328874","https://openalex.org/W1496878816","https://openalex.org/W1535481419","https://openalex.org/W1559155512","https://openalex.org/W1626926786","https://openalex.org/W1685132526","https://openalex.org/W1734462330","https://openalex.org/W1783547579","https://openalex.org/W1892775430","https://openalex.org/W1963839125","https://openalex.org/W1964708006","https://openalex.org/W1968215755","https://openalex.org/W1968427461","https://openalex.org/W1982900245","https://openalex.org/W1983522656","https://openalex.org/W1990352175","https://openalex.org/W1990526657","https://openalex.org/W1992272575","https://openalex.org/W1994527825","https://openalex.org/W2007665074","https://openalex.org/W2010247223","https://openalex.org/W2017570934","https://openalex.org/W2017739839","https://openalex.org/W2027648541","https://openalex.org/W2032843394","https://openalex.org/W2041981133","https://openalex.org/W2043861297","https://openalex.org/W2046448494","https://openalex.org/W2047494427","https://openalex.org/W2048301249","https://openalex.org/W2051519482","https://openalex.org/W2064076120","https://openalex.org/W2071612615","https://openalex.org/W2082820542","https://openalex.org/W2085531676","https://openalex.org/W2090034152","https://openalex.org/W2091289823","https://openalex.org/W2097016282","https://openalex.org/W2101743271","https://openalex.org/W2109498513","https://openalex.org/W2112239483","https://openalex.org/W2128922975","https://openalex.org/W2145193541","https://openalex.org/W2150453984","https://openalex.org/W2151681289","https://openalex.org/W2155512611","https://openalex.org/W2158948084","https://openalex.org/W2165343799","https://openalex.org/W2165839911","https://openalex.org/W2171999747","https://openalex.org/W2176587515","https://openalex.org/W2184827852","https://openalex.org/W2195385418","https://openalex.org/W2213358709","https://openalex.org/W2232864923","https://openalex.org/W2263467157","https://openalex.org/W2266464013","https://openalex.org/W2282339469","https://openalex.org/W2293569993","https://openalex.org/W2300135138","https://openalex.org/W2312914809","https://openalex.org/W2316172824","https://openalex.org/W2327787558","https://openalex.org/W2332176776","https://openalex.org/W2337386212","https://openalex.org/W2339545291","https://openalex.org/W2411773784","https://openalex.org/W2461512967","https://openalex.org/W2464954354","https://openalex.org/W2509275840","https://openalex.org/W2524164510","https://openalex.org/W2530266269","https://openalex.org/W2536546868","https://openalex.org/W2538639213","https://openalex.org/W2551690764","https://openalex.org/W2559953355","https://openalex.org/W2581082771","https://openalex.org/W2599514020","https://openalex.org/W2608572062","https://openalex.org/W2608738563","https://openalex.org/W2621467942","https://openalex.org/W2679786270","https://openalex.org/W2690512275","https://openalex.org/W2734420771","https://openalex.org/W2738941686","https://openalex.org/W2739253377","https://openalex.org/W2741187991","https://openalex.org/W2747656748","https://openalex.org/W2765126164","https://openalex.org/W2765127840","https://openalex.org/W2765397767","https://openalex.org/W2767346581","https://openalex.org/W2774156456","https://openalex.org/W2775285716","https://openalex.org/W2790209545","https://openalex.org/W2793121975","https://openalex.org/W2793892569","https://openalex.org/W2801116222","https://openalex.org/W2803760365","https://openalex.org/W2806895459","https://openalex.org/W2838438616","https://openalex.org/W2887878231","https://openalex.org/W2888967035","https://openalex.org/W2889189360","https://openalex.org/W2889689557","https://openalex.org/W2896393391","https://openalex.org/W2901997892","https://openalex.org/W2902383760","https://openalex.org/W2908568334","https://openalex.org/W2908582035","https://openalex.org/W2910707576","https://openalex.org/W2910896876","https://openalex.org/W2918580476","https://openalex.org/W2921613140","https://openalex.org/W2922239806","https://openalex.org/W2923525215","https://openalex.org/W2924551358","https://openalex.org/W2934399013","https://openalex.org/W2934938303","https://openalex.org/W2938148515","https://openalex.org/W2945976633","https://openalex.org/W2949787822","https://openalex.org/W2953251344","https://openalex.org/W2963114748","https://openalex.org/W2965427172","https://openalex.org/W2965448364","https://openalex.org/W2966555834","https://openalex.org/W2966679264","https://openalex.org/W2966736326","https://openalex.org/W2970158201","https://openalex.org/W2970748430","https://openalex.org/W2973971009","https://openalex.org/W2977181577","https://openalex.org/W2977899280","https://openalex.org/W2979391452","https://openalex.org/W2987985090","https://openalex.org/W2993292663","https://openalex.org/W2995528912","https://openalex.org/W2995853780","https://openalex.org/W2996979006","https://openalex.org/W2998631098","https://openalex.org/W3001009433","https://openalex.org/W3001780812","https://openalex.org/W3006169262","https://openalex.org/W3006795152","https://openalex.org/W3009460686","https://openalex.org/W3010787533","https://openalex.org/W3012023879","https://openalex.org/W3012838529","https://openalex.org/W3013053228","https://openalex.org/W3014045889","https://openalex.org/W3014301887","https://openalex.org/W3016248834","https://openalex.org/W3017289567","https://openalex.org/W3017798744","https://openalex.org/W3019047812","https://openalex.org/W3022240354","https://openalex.org/W3023609494","https://openalex.org/W3025878800","https://openalex.org/W3026494630","https://openalex.org/W3028523516","https://openalex.org/W3031837740","https://openalex.org/W3034233150","https://openalex.org/W3034522407","https://openalex.org/W3036014677","https://openalex.org/W3036669833","https://openalex.org/W3036877148","https://openalex.org/W3039397207","https://openalex.org/W3043843026","https://openalex.org/W3045548314","https://openalex.org/W3046727677","https://openalex.org/W3073461232","https://openalex.org/W3080817534","https://openalex.org/W3083180925","https://openalex.org/W3083804794","https://openalex.org/W3083992516","https://openalex.org/W3084438218","https://openalex.org/W3087776590","https://openalex.org/W3088209892","https://openalex.org/W3088570290","https://openalex.org/W3088814948","https://openalex.org/W3089056750","https://openalex.org/W3091839084","https://openalex.org/W3092157834","https://openalex.org/W3092216542","https://openalex.org/W3093826090","https://openalex.org/W3095683761","https://openalex.org/W3096636755","https://openalex.org/W3102775160","https://openalex.org/W3103408074","https://openalex.org/W3106307007","https://openalex.org/W3108026123","https://openalex.org/W3110385255","https://openalex.org/W3111959339","https://openalex.org/W3112529371","https://openalex.org/W3115024502","https://openalex.org/W3115401297","https://openalex.org/W3121045313","https://openalex.org/W3121130216","https://openalex.org/W3127500650","https://openalex.org/W3129660710","https://openalex.org/W3131696262","https://openalex.org/W3132733659","https://openalex.org/W3133058131","https://openalex.org/W3134064893","https://openalex.org/W3135572654","https://openalex.org/W3135825459","https://openalex.org/W3135881998","https://openalex.org/W3136552952","https://openalex.org/W3136578696","https://openalex.org/W3136960503","https://openalex.org/W3140020403","https://openalex.org/W3142724547","https://openalex.org/W3147341125","https://openalex.org/W3150044350","https://openalex.org/W3150212014","https://openalex.org/W3153870514","https://openalex.org/W3155972762","https://openalex.org/W3158530708","https://openalex.org/W3160192806","https://openalex.org/W3165083370","https://openalex.org/W3166468335","https://openalex.org/W3167748717","https://openalex.org/W3173393692","https://openalex.org/W3173451591","https://openalex.org/W3173708468","https://openalex.org/W3173900512","https://openalex.org/W3180959755","https://openalex.org/W3183973761","https://openalex.org/W3186268706","https://openalex.org/W3193715698","https://openalex.org/W3195191894","https://openalex.org/W3196173279","https://openalex.org/W3197030758","https://openalex.org/W3197840494","https://openalex.org/W3204769010","https://openalex.org/W3205551384","https://openalex.org/W3208495110","https://openalex.org/W3214507518","https://openalex.org/W3214915187","https://openalex.org/W3215904455","https://openalex.org/W4206705770","https://openalex.org/W4230414599","https://openalex.org/W4230874191","https://openalex.org/W4236502188","https://openalex.org/W4240157213","https://openalex.org/W4244552112","https://openalex.org/W4298205047","https://openalex.org/W4300062989","https://openalex.org/W4406501465","https://openalex.org/W6754156524","https://openalex.org/W7073556840","https://openalex.org/W7073669470","https://openalex.org/W7073879403"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4312475618","https://openalex.org/W4297819098","https://openalex.org/W3197030758","https://openalex.org/W4402081746","https://openalex.org/W2397137014","https://openalex.org/W4399119567","https://openalex.org/W4300340194","https://openalex.org/W3081646610","https://openalex.org/W2607686803","https://openalex.org/W7204890152"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Over":[0],"the":[1,5,28,52,61,77,87,102,166,172,215,221,258],"past":[2],"50":[3],"years":[4],"capability":[6],"of":[7,64,92,104,112,114,205,218,225,251,261,274,287,330],"technology":[8],"to":[9,23,33,41,49,70,140,165,237,271,291,316],"improve":[10],"surgical":[11,18,57,94,143,219,262],"care":[12,25],"has":[13],"been":[14],"realised":[15],"and":[16,20,26,72,79,82,90,119,123,163,168,171,192,223,228,232,241,266,289,313],"while":[17],"trainees":[19],"trainers":[21],"strive":[22],"deliver":[24],"train;":[27],"technological":[29],"\u2018solutions\u2019":[30],"market":[31],"continues":[32],"expand.":[34],"However,":[35,279,309],"there":[36,302],"remains":[37],"no":[38,304],"coordinated":[39],"process":[40],"assess":[42,60],"these":[43,74],"technologies.":[44,95],"The":[45,96,109,178,245,328],"FOS:TEST":[46,97,246],"Report":[47,336],"aimed":[48],"(1)":[50],"define":[51],"current,":[53],"unmet":[54,142,154],"needs":[55,145,155],"in":[56,106,174,188,257,319],"training,":[58,189,220],"(2)":[59],"current":[62],"evidence-base":[63],"technologies":[65],"that":[66,201,293],"may":[67],"be":[68,269,282,344],"beneficial":[69],"training":[71,144,193,277,324],"map":[73],"onto":[75],"both":[76],"patient":[78,167],"trainee":[80,127,169],"pathway":[81,170],"(3)":[83],"make":[84],"recommendations":[85],"on":[86],"development,":[88],"assessment,":[89],"adoption":[91],"novel":[93,276],"Commission":[98,247],"was":[99,248],"formed":[100],"by":[101,134],"Association":[103],"Surgeons":[105,113],"Training":[107,335],"(ASiT),":[108],"Royal":[110],"College":[111],"England":[115,137],"(RCS":[116],"England)":[117],"Robotics":[118],"Digital":[120],"Surgery":[121],"Group":[122],"representatives":[124],"from":[125,186],"all":[126],"specialty":[128],"associations.":[129],"Two":[130],"national":[131,299],"datasets":[132],"provided":[133],"Health":[135],"Education":[136],"were":[138,156,199],"used":[139],"identify":[141],"through":[146],"qualitative":[147],"analysis":[148],"against":[149],"pre-defined":[150],"coding":[151],"frameworks.":[152],"These":[153],"prioritised":[157],"at":[158],"two":[159],"virtual":[160],"consensus":[161],"hackathons":[162],"mapped":[164],"capabilities":[173],"practice":[175],"(CiPs)":[176],"framework.":[177],"commission":[179],"received":[180],"more":[181],"than":[182],"120":[183],"evidence":[184],"submissions":[185],"surgeons":[187,191,315],"consultant":[190],"leaders.":[194],"Following":[195],"peer":[196],"review,":[197],"32":[198],"selected":[200],"covered":[202],"a":[203,254,320,338],"range":[204],"innovations.":[206],"Contributors":[207],"also":[208],"highlighted":[209],"several":[210],"important":[211],"key":[212],"considerations,":[213],"including":[214],"changing":[216],"pedagogy":[217],"ethics":[222],"challenges":[224],"big":[226],"data":[227],"machine":[229],"learning,":[230],"sustainability,":[231],"health":[233],"economics.":[234],"This":[235],"summates":[236],"7":[238],"Key":[239],"Recommendations":[240],"51":[242],"concluding":[243],"statements.":[244],"borne":[249],"out":[250],"what":[252],"is":[253,296,303],"pivotal":[255],"point":[256],"digital":[259],"transformation":[260],"training.":[263],"Academic":[264],"expertise":[265],"collaboration":[267],"will":[268],"required":[270],"evaluate":[272],"efficacy":[273],"any":[275,294],"solution.":[278],"this":[280,342],"must":[281,326],"coupled":[283],"with":[284],"pragmatic":[285],"assessments":[286],"feasibility":[288],"cost":[290],"ensure":[292],"intervention":[295],"scalable":[297],"for":[298,306,310,340],"implementation.":[300],"Currently,":[301],"replacement":[305],"hands-on":[307],"operating.":[308],"future":[311],"UK":[312],"ROI":[314],"stay":[317],"relevant":[318],"global":[321],"market,":[322],"our":[323],"methods":[325],"adapt.":[327],"Future":[329],"Surgery:":[331],"Technology":[332],"Enhanced":[333],"Surgical":[334],"provides":[337],"blueprint":[339],"how":[341],"can":[343],"achieved.":[345]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-11-02T09:45:03.842371","created_date":"2022-08-06T00:00:00"}