{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4289890286","doi":"https://doi.org/10.21273/jashs.110.1.34","title":"Simplified Method for Rooting Apple Cultivars in Vitro","display_name":"Simplified Method for Rooting Apple Cultivars in Vitro","publication_year":1985,"publication_date":"1985-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4289890286","doi":"https://doi.org/10.21273/jashs.110.1.34"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.21273/jashs.110.1.34","doi":"https://doi.org/10.21273/jashs.110.1.34","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.21273/jashs.110.1.34","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764541395","display_name":"Journal of the American Society for Horticultural Science","issn_l":"0003-1062","issn":["0003-1062","2327-9788"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","dongbi-c","jufo-1","norway-1","oarl","poland-40","russia-white-list-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4320800526","host_organization_name":"American Society for Horticultural Science","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4320800526"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["American Society for Horticultural Science"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of the American Society for Horticultural Science","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"hybrid","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.21273/jashs.110.1.34","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5112791781","display_name":"Richard H. Zimmerman","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1312222531","display_name":"Agricultural Research Service","ror":"https://ror.org/02d2m2044","country_code":"US","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1312222531","https://openalex.org/I1336096307"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1336096307","display_name":"United States Department of Agriculture","ror":"https://ror.org/01na82s61","country_code":"US","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1336096307"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Richard H. Zimmerman","raw_affiliation_strings":["Agricultural Research Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture, Beltsville, MD 20705"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Agricultural Research Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture, Beltsville, MD 20705","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1312222531","https://openalex.org/I1336096307"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5018284354","display_name":"Ingrid Fordham","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1312222531","display_name":"Agricultural Research Service","ror":"https://ror.org/02d2m2044","country_code":"US","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1312222531","https://openalex.org/I1336096307"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1336096307","display_name":"United States Department of Agriculture","ror":"https://ror.org/01na82s61","country_code":"US","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1336096307"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ingrid Fordham","raw_affiliation_strings":["Agricultural Research Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture, Beltsville, MD 20705"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Agricultural Research Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture, Beltsville, MD 20705","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1312222531","https://openalex.org/I1336096307"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":{"value":3500,"currency":"USD","value_usd":3500},"apc_paid":{"value":3500,"currency":"USD","value_usd":3500},"fwci":5.8678,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":87,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.96702471,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":87,"max":96},"biblio":{"volume":"110","issue":"1","first_page":"34","last_page":"38"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10240","display_name":"Plant tissue culture and regeneration","score":0.9965999722480774,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1110","display_name":"Plant Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10240","display_name":"Plant tissue culture and regeneration","score":0.9965999722480774,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1110","display_name":"Plant Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12834","display_name":"Flowering Plant Growth and Cultivation","score":0.001500000013038516,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1110","display_name":"Plant Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11546","display_name":"Plant Physiology and Cultivation Studies","score":0.0008999999845400453,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1110","display_name":"Plant Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/apple","display_name":"apple","score":0.9089999794960022},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/in-vitro-rooting","display_name":"in vitro rooting","score":0.8289999961853027},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/apple-cultivars","display_name":"apple cultivars","score":0.6029999852180481},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/plant-cuttings","display_name":"cuttings","score":0.6420000195503235},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/indole-3-butyric-acid","display_name":"indole-3-butyric acid","score":0.9549999833106995},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/auxin","display_name":"auxin","score":0.7459999918937683},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/dark-treatment","display_name":"dark treatment","score":0.6729999780654907},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/temperature-effects","display_name":"temperature effects","score":0.652999997138977},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/murashige-and-skoog-medium","display_name":"Murashige and Skoog medium","score":0.8050000071525574},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/phloroglucinol","display_name":"phloroglucinol","score":0.9890000224113464},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/indole-3-acetic-acid","display_name":"indole-3-acetic acid","score":0.906000018119812},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/acclimatization","display_name":"acclimatization","score":0.8429999947547913},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mcintosh","display_name":"McIntosh","score":0.9139999747276306},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mutsu","display_name":"Mutsu","score":0.996999979019165}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C187528503","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q176982","display_name":"Cutting","level":2,"score":0.8713207840919495},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C197321923","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4886","display_name":"Cultivar","level":2,"score":0.8270845413208008},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C207778908","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q190022","display_name":"Auxin","level":3,"score":0.6528961062431335},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C21410773","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q220869","display_name":"Shoot","level":2,"score":0.6182804107666016},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.5379660129547119},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778597767","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4027534","display_name":"Sucrose","level":2,"score":0.5224363207817078},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C59822182","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q441","display_name":"Botany","level":1,"score":0.5174701809883118},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144027150","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q48803","display_name":"Horticulture","level":1,"score":0.4686621427536011},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777976051","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q161660","display_name":"1-Naphthaleneacetic acid","level":5,"score":0.4626520574092865},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780822416","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1934105","display_name":"Micropropagation","level":4,"score":0.3801313638687134},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C90703135","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3287622","display_name":"Tissue culture","level":3,"score":0.32421472668647766},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C202751555","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q221681","display_name":"In vitro","level":2,"score":0.2550985813140869},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C104317684","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7187","display_name":"Gene","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C55493867","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7094","display_name":"Biochemistry","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.21273/jashs.110.1.34","doi":"https://doi.org/10.21273/jashs.110.1.34","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.21273/jashs.110.1.34","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764541395","display_name":"Journal of the American Society for Horticultural Science","issn_l":"0003-1062","issn":["0003-1062","2327-9788"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","dongbi-c","jufo-1","norway-1","oarl","poland-40","russia-white-list-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4320800526","host_organization_name":"American Society for Horticultural Science","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4320800526"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["American Society for Horticultural Science"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of the American Society for Horticultural Science","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.21273/jashs.110.1.34","doi":"https://doi.org/10.21273/jashs.110.1.34","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.21273/jashs.110.1.34","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764541395","display_name":"Journal of the American Society for Horticultural Science","issn_l":"0003-1062","issn":["0003-1062","2327-9788"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","dongbi-c","jufo-1","norway-1","oarl","poland-40","russia-white-list-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4320800526","host_organization_name":"American Society for Horticultural Science","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4320800526"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["American Society for Horticultural Science"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of the American Society for Horticultural Science","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.875,"display_name":"Zero hunger","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/2"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":5,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1965395356","https://openalex.org/W1965714259","https://openalex.org/W2024556021","https://openalex.org/W2043963431","https://openalex.org/W3135711235"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1965395356","https://openalex.org/W1926991761","https://openalex.org/W206881444","https://openalex.org/W2333582720","https://openalex.org/W3135711235","https://openalex.org/W2792478111","https://openalex.org/W1965714259","https://openalex.org/W2120536274","https://openalex.org/W29515508","https://openalex.org/W2091870724"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Abstract":[0],"Apple":[1],"cultivar":[2,103],"cuttings,":[3],"prepared":[4],"from":[5,43],"shoots":[6],"proliferated":[7],"in":[8,18,21,90,128,134,152],"vitro,":[9],"initiated":[10,151],"roots":[11],"readily":[12],"when":[13],"placed":[14],"for":[15,49,93,136,169],"3\u20137":[16],"days":[17,97,107],"the":[19,38,66,75,84,88,91],"dark":[20,41,92],"a":[22,137],"liquid":[23,153],"medium":[24,68,154],"containing":[25],"only":[26,101,123],"43.8":[27],"m":[28,29],"sucrose":[30],"and":[31,57,80,104,120],"1.5":[32],"\u03bcM":[33],"indolebutyric":[34],"acid":[35,82],"(IBA).":[36],"Raising":[37],"temperature":[39],"during":[40],"treatment":[42],"25\u00b0":[44],"to":[45,65,171],"30\u00b0C":[46],"improved":[47,98],"rooting":[48,67,99,108,115],"several":[50],"cultivars.":[51],"The":[52,164],"addition":[53],"of":[54,62,100],"half-strength":[55],"Murashige":[56],"Skoog":[58],"(MS)":[59],"salts":[60],"or":[61,144],"phloroglucinol":[63],"(PG)":[64],"did":[69],"not":[70,145],"improve":[71],"rooting.":[72],"IBA":[73],"was":[74,116],"most":[76],"effective":[77],"auxin":[78],"tried":[79],"indoleacetic":[81],"(IAA)":[83],"least":[85],"effective.":[86],"Maintaining":[87],"cultures":[89],"more":[94],"than":[95,113],"6":[96],"1":[102],"after":[105,122,156],"9":[106],"percentages":[109],"sometimes":[110],"decreased.":[111],"More":[112],"80%":[114],"obtained":[117],"with":[118],"\u2018McIntosh\u2019":[119],"\u2018Mutsu\u2019":[121],"4":[124],"subcultures":[125],"(4\u20135":[126],"months":[127],"culture),":[129],"whereas":[130],"some":[131],"other":[132],"cultivars":[133],"culture":[135],"much":[138],"longer":[139],"time":[140],"rooted":[141],"no":[142],"better":[143],"as":[146],"well.":[147],"Roots":[148],"that":[149],"were":[150,158],"elongated":[155],"cuttings":[157],"inserted":[159],"into":[160],"preformed":[161],"peat":[162],"plugs.":[163],"resulting":[165],"plantlets":[166],"acclimated":[167],"easily":[168],"transfer":[170],"greenhouse":[172],"conditions.":[173]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-08-18T07:49:30.821534","created_date":"2022-08-05T00:00:00"}