{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4289836601","doi":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-1818685/v1","title":"Strength, Durability and Thermal Characteristics of Optimized Green Concrete Developed using Ground Granulated Blast Furnace Slag and Pond Ash","display_name":"Strength, Durability and Thermal Characteristics of Optimized Green Concrete Developed using Ground Granulated Blast Furnace Slag and Pond Ash","publication_year":2022,"publication_date":"2022-08-04","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4289836601","doi":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-1818685/v1"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.21203/rs.3.rs-1818685/v1","doi":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-1818685/v1","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-1818685/v1","pdf_url":"https://www.researchsquare.com/article/rs-1818685/latest.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525896","display_name":"Research Square","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Research Square","raw_type":"posted-content"},"volume":null,"type":"preprint","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://www.researchsquare.com/article/rs-1818685/latest.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5085558067","display_name":"M. Naga Theera Hari","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4405268244","display_name":"Mepco Schlenk Engineering College","ror":"https://ror.org/00afsg865","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4405268244"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"M Naga Theera Hari","raw_affiliation_strings":["Mepco Schlenk Engineering College"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Mepco Schlenk Engineering College","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4405268244"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5035990759","display_name":"Jeyaprakash Maheswaran","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5175-0774","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5175-0774"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"J. Maheswaran","raw_affiliation_strings":["St Xavier's Catholic College of Engineering"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"St Xavier's Catholic College of Engineering","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5043981328","display_name":"Martin Navamani Chellapandian","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4284-8678","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4284-8678"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4405268244","display_name":"Mepco Schlenk Engineering College","ror":"https://ror.org/00afsg865","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4405268244"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"M. Chellapandian","raw_affiliation_strings":["Mepco Schlenk Engineering College","Mepco Schlenk Engineering College N. Arunachelam Mepco Schlenk Engineering College"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Mepco Schlenk Engineering College","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4405268244"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Mepco Schlenk Engineering College N. Arunachelam Mepco Schlenk Engineering College","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4405268244"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5089697573","display_name":"Nakarajan Arunachelam","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4007-9038","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4007-9038"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4405268244","display_name":"Mepco Schlenk Engineering College","ror":"https://ror.org/00afsg865","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4405268244"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"N. Arunachelam","raw_affiliation_strings":["Mepco Schlenk Engineering College","Mepco Schlenk Engineering College N. Arunachelam Mepco Schlenk Engineering College"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Mepco Schlenk Engineering College","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4405268244"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Mepco Schlenk Engineering College N. Arunachelam Mepco Schlenk Engineering College","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4405268244"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5035990759"],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":1,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10033","display_name":"Concrete and Cement Materials Research","score":0.7964000105857849,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2205","display_name":"Civil and Structural Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10033","display_name":"Concrete and Cement Materials Research","score":0.7964000105857849,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2205","display_name":"Civil and Structural Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13140","display_name":"Materials Engineering and Processing","score":0.19189999997615814,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2215","display_name":"Building and Construction"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11847","display_name":"Recycled Aggregate Concrete Performance","score":0.003100000089034438,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2215","display_name":"Building and Construction"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sustainable-concrete","display_name":"sustainable concrete","score":0.902999997138977},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ground-granulated-blast-furnace-slag","display_name":"ground granulated blast furnace slag","score":0.9789999723434448},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pond-ash","display_name":"pond ash","score":0.9980000257492065},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/partial-replacement-of-cement","display_name":"partial replacement of cement","score":0.765999972820282},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fine-aggregate-replacement","display_name":"fine aggregate replacement","score":0.9160000085830688},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/compressive-strength-prediction","display_name":"compressive strength prediction","score":0.9020000100135803},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/thermal-properties-of-concrete","display_name":"thermal properties of concrete","score":0.7979999780654907},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/concrete-durability","display_name":"concrete durability","score":0.8730000257492065},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/microstructure-characterization","display_name":"microstructure characterization","score":0.7200000286102295},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/interfacial-transition-zone","display_name":"interfacial transition zone","score":0.9860000014305115},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mix-optimization","display_name":"mix optimization","score":0.47699999809265137},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/multiple-linear-regression","display_name":"multiple linear regression","score":0.6660000085830688}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33819350","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q353009","display_name":"Ground granulated blast-furnace slag","level":3,"score":0.9161706566810608},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C104304963","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5316114","display_name":"Durability","level":2,"score":0.761894702911377},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192562407","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228736","display_name":"Materials science","level":0,"score":0.7050053477287292},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159048435","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17105783","display_name":"Slag (welding)","level":2,"score":0.6225765347480774},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C30407753","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q186191","display_name":"Compressive strength","level":2,"score":0.6147577166557312},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C87976508","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1498213","display_name":"Microstructure","level":2,"score":0.576444149017334},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C523993062","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q45190","display_name":"Cement","level":2,"score":0.5526420474052429},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C87343466","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q236139","display_name":"Fly ash","level":2,"score":0.510405957698822},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159985019","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q181790","display_name":"Composite material","level":1,"score":0.47024479508399963},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C26771246","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q321095","display_name":"Scanning electron microscope","level":2,"score":0.43480509519577026},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C191897082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11467","display_name":"Metallurgy","level":1,"score":0.40294700860977173}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.21203/rs.3.rs-1818685/v1","doi":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-1818685/v1","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-1818685/v1","pdf_url":"https://www.researchsquare.com/article/rs-1818685/latest.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525896","display_name":"Research Square","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Research Square","raw_type":"posted-content"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.21203/rs.3.rs-1818685/v1","doi":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-1818685/v1","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-1818685/v1","pdf_url":"https://www.researchsquare.com/article/rs-1818685/latest.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525896","display_name":"Research Square","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Research Square","raw_type":"posted-content"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/12","display_name":"Responsible consumption and production","score":0.8799999952316284}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4289836601.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4289836601.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":15,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1910373076","https://openalex.org/W2000526035","https://openalex.org/W2081758404","https://openalex.org/W2466797722","https://openalex.org/W2748635950","https://openalex.org/W2973764155","https://openalex.org/W2983433317","https://openalex.org/W3094603614","https://openalex.org/W3096846297","https://openalex.org/W3117672075","https://openalex.org/W3118394003","https://openalex.org/W3119311523","https://openalex.org/W3120592923","https://openalex.org/W3130642568","https://openalex.org/W3216700029"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4386510728","https://openalex.org/W4285498068","https://openalex.org/W6944859944","https://openalex.org/W7128442336","https://openalex.org/W4389398119","https://openalex.org/W4384914251","https://openalex.org/W7207783362","https://openalex.org/W4402017990","https://openalex.org/W4405646272","https://openalex.org/W4404589961"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Abstract":[0],"This":[1],"research":[2],"work":[3],"focuses":[4],"on":[5],"the":[6,10,35,40,62,72,80,94,98,110,121,144,158,167],"experimental":[7],"investigation":[8],"of":[9,18,34,42,45,64,75,97,114,123,147],"thermal":[11,91],"properties,":[12,88],"strength,":[13],"durability":[14,89],"and":[15,26,48,54,67,90,136,151],"microstructure":[16,95],"analysis":[17,96,133],"optimized":[19,81,99],"green":[20],"concrete":[21,82,148],"developed":[22],"using":[23,51,103],"pond":[24,52,65,152],"ash":[25,53,66],"ground":[27],"granulated":[28],"blast-furnace":[29],"slag":[30],"(GGBS).":[31],"The":[32,154],"objective":[33],"study":[36],"is":[37],"to":[38,108,142],"understand":[39],"effect":[41,122],"partial":[43],"replacement":[44,63],"fine":[46],"aggregate":[47],"cement":[49],"(OPC)":[50],"GGBS":[55,68,150],"respectively.":[56],"An":[57],"optimum":[58],"mix":[59,83,100],"ratio":[60],"for":[61,86],"was":[69,84,101,134,140],"determined":[70],"from":[71,157],"material":[73],"characterization":[74],"16":[76],"trail":[77],"mixes.":[78],"Then,":[79],"tested":[85],"mechanical":[87],"characterization.":[92],"Moreover,":[93],"performed":[102,135],"Scanning":[104],"Electron":[105],"Microscope":[106],"(SEM)":[107],"overview":[109],"chemical":[111],"constituents,":[112],"bonding":[113],"molecules":[115],"at":[116],"interfacial":[117],"transition":[118],"zone":[119],"(ITZ),":[120],"elevated":[124],"temperature,":[125],"etc.":[126],"In":[127],"addition,":[128],"a":[129,137,163],"detailed":[130],"multilinear":[131],"regression":[132],"new":[138],"equation":[139,161],"proposed":[141,159],"determine":[143],"compressive":[145],"strength":[146],"with":[149,166],"ash.":[153],"predictions":[155],"obtained":[156],"analytical":[160],"showed":[162],"good":[164],"match":[165],"test":[168],"results.":[169]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-11-09T13:22:03.289127","created_date":"2022-08-05T00:00:00"}
