{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4289835829","doi":"https://doi.org/10.4102/sajo.v6i0.241","title":"Testicular germ cell cancer in Africa: A survey on patterns of practice","display_name":"Testicular germ cell cancer in Africa: A survey on patterns of practice","publication_year":2022,"publication_date":"2022-08-04","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4289835829","doi":"https://doi.org/10.4102/sajo.v6i0.241"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.4102/sajo.v6i0.241","doi":"https://doi.org/10.4102/sajo.v6i0.241","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.4102/sajo.v6i0.241","pdf_url":"https://sajo.org.za/index.php/sajo/article/download/241/639","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210224078","display_name":"South African Journal of Oncology","issn_l":"2518-8704","issn":["2518-8704","2523-0646"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":false,"listed_in":["dhet","doaj","norway-1","scielo"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310315322","host_organization_name":"AOSIS","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310315322"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["AOSIS"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"South African Journal of Oncology","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://sajo.org.za/index.php/sajo/article/download/241/639","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5027758448","display_name":"Henriette Burger","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3941-568X","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3941-568X"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I26092322","display_name":"Stellenbosch University","ror":"https://ror.org/05bk57929","country_code":"ZA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I26092322"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2802694459","display_name":"Tygerberg Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/01hs8x754","country_code":"ZA","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1307091933","https://openalex.org/I2802694459"]}],"countries":["ZA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Henriette Burger","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Radiation Oncology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Cape Town, South Africa; and, Department of Radiation Oncology, Tygerberg Hospital, Cape Town",", Department of Radiation Oncology, Tygerberg Hospital, Cape Town","Department of Radiation Oncology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Cape Town, South Africa"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3941-568X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Radiation Oncology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Cape Town, South Africa; and, Department of Radiation Oncology, Tygerberg Hospital, Cape Town","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I26092322","https://openalex.org/I2802694459"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":", Department of Radiation Oncology, Tygerberg Hospital, Cape Town","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2802694459"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Radiation Oncology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Cape Town, South Africa","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I26092322"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5014535375","display_name":"Tara J. Rick","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2806-5327","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2806-5327"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I142767807","display_name":"St. Catherine University","ror":"https://ror.org/03x1f1d90","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I142767807"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2801952686","display_name":"Erasmus MC","ror":"https://ror.org/018906e22","country_code":"NL","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2801952686"]}],"countries":["NL","US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Tara Rick","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Radiation Oncology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Erasmus Medical Centre, Rotterdam, the Netherlands; and, Department of Physician Assistant Studies, Faculty of Medicine, Saint Catherine University, St Paul, United States of America",", Department of Physician Assistant Studies, Faculty of Medicine, Saint Catherine University, St Paul, United States of America","Department of Radiation Oncology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Erasmus Medical Centre, Rotterdam, the Netherlands"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2806-5327","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Radiation Oncology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Erasmus Medical Centre, Rotterdam, the Netherlands; and, Department of Physician Assistant Studies, Faculty of Medicine, Saint Catherine University, St Paul, United States of America","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I142767807","https://openalex.org/I2801952686"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":", Department of Physician Assistant Studies, Faculty of Medicine, Saint Catherine University, St Paul, United States of America","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I142767807"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Radiation Oncology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Erasmus Medical Centre, Rotterdam, the Netherlands","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2801952686"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5046834440","display_name":"Pieter Spies","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6749-7478","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6749-7478"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I26092322","display_name":"Stellenbosch University","ror":"https://ror.org/05bk57929","country_code":"ZA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I26092322"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2802694459","display_name":"Tygerberg Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/01hs8x754","country_code":"ZA","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1307091933","https://openalex.org/I2802694459"]}],"countries":["ZA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Pieter Spies","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Urological Surgery, Faculty of Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Cape Town, South Africa; and, Division of Urological Surgery, Tygerberg Hospital, Cape Town",", Division of Urological Surgery, Tygerberg Hospital, Cape Town","Department of Urological Surgery, Faculty of Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Cape Town, South Africa"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6749-7478","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Urological Surgery, Faculty of Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Cape Town, South Africa; and, Division of Urological Surgery, Tygerberg Hospital, Cape Town","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I26092322","https://openalex.org/I2802694459"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":", Division of Urological Surgery, Tygerberg Hospital, Cape Town","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2802694459"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Urological Surgery, Faculty of Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Cape Town, South Africa","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I26092322"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Ayun Cassel","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7977-6682","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7977-6682"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210162446","display_name":"John F. Kennedy Medical Center","ror":"https://ror.org/05brmpx55","country_code":"US","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210162446"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ayun Cassel","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Urology, Faculty of Medicine, John F. Kennedy Medical Center, Monrovia"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7977-6682","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Urology, Faculty of Medicine, John F. Kennedy Medical Center, Monrovia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210162446"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5041533231","display_name":"Verna D.N.K. Vanderpuye","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3656-6965","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3656-6965"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2803053305","display_name":"Korle Bu Teaching Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/01vzp6a32","country_code":"GH","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2803053305"]}],"countries":["GH"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Verna Vanderpuye","raw_affiliation_strings":["National Center for Radiotherapy Oncology and Nuclear Medicine, Korle Bu Teaching Hospital, Accra"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3656-6965","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"National Center for Radiotherapy Oncology and Nuclear Medicine, Korle Bu Teaching Hospital, Accra","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2803053305"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5090975999","display_name":"Luca Incrocci","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9994-763X","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9994-763X"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2801952686","display_name":"Erasmus MC","ror":"https://ror.org/018906e22","country_code":"NL","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2801952686"]}],"countries":["NL"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Luca Incrocci","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Radiation Oncology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Erasmus Medical Centre, Rotterdam, the Netherlands"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9994-763X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Radiation Oncology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Erasmus Medical Centre, Rotterdam, the Netherlands","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2801952686"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":4,"institutions_distinct_count":6,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":{"value":9765,"currency":"ZAR","value_usd":530},"apc_paid":{"value":9765,"currency":"ZAR","value_usd":530},"fwci":0.2129,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":1,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.48214821,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":88,"max":93},"biblio":{"volume":"6","issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11069","display_name":"Testicular diseases and treatments","score":0.9984999895095825,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2746","display_name":"Surgery"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11069","display_name":"Testicular diseases and treatments","score":0.9984999895095825,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2746","display_name":"Surgery"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13123","display_name":"Advances in Oncology and Radiotherapy","score":0.0007999999797903001,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2741","display_name":"Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and Imaging"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10556","display_name":"Global Cancer Incidence and Screening","score":0.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2730","display_name":"Oncology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/testicular-germ-cell-tumors","display_name":"testicular germ cell tumors","score":0.9940000176429749},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/practice-patterns","display_name":"clinical practice patterns","score":0.8529999852180481},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/staging","display_name":"staging","score":0.3919999897480011},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/chemotherapy-regimens","display_name":"chemotherapy regimens","score":0.9020000100135803},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/radiotherapy","display_name":"radiotherapy","score":0.6959999799728394},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/seminoma","display_name":"seminoma","score":0.7379999756813049},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/nonseminomatous-germ-cell-tumors","display_name":"non-seminoma","score":0.9879999756813049},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/tnm-staging","display_name":"TNM staging","score":0.6949999928474426},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/access-to-medicines","display_name":"access to medicines","score":0.4819999933242798},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/3d-treatment-planning","display_name":"3D treatment planning","score":0.7450000047683716},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/treatment-guidelines","display_name":"treatment guidelines","score":0.3720000088214874},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/resource-allocation","display_name":"resource allocation","score":0.5440000295639038}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776212926","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q324464","display_name":"Testicular cancer","level":3,"score":0.629888653755188},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.6268242597579956},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778074268","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1786953","display_name":"Seminoma","level":3,"score":0.578463077545166},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779343474","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3109175","display_name":"Context (archaeology)","level":2,"score":0.5732405185699463},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C61511704","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1671857","display_name":"Incidence (geometry)","level":2,"score":0.5565311312675476},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776938808","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1737977","display_name":"Germ cell tumors","level":3,"score":0.5272506475448608},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107130276","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q133805","display_name":"Epidemiology","level":2,"score":0.4833895266056061},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C146357865","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1123245","display_name":"Stage (stratigraphy)","level":2,"score":0.47263452410697937},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C509974204","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q180507","display_name":"Radiation therapy","level":2,"score":0.44134968519210815},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C143998085","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q162555","display_name":"Oncology","level":1,"score":0.4161129593849182},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121608353","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12078","display_name":"Cancer","level":2,"score":0.3690434694290161},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776694085","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q974135","display_name":"Chemotherapy","level":2,"score":0.3653987646102905},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126322002","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11180","display_name":"Internal medicine","level":1,"score":0.35146909952163696},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C512399662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3505712","display_name":"Family medicine","level":1,"score":0.33573487401008606},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C29456083","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1221899","display_name":"Gynecology","level":1,"score":0.3259786367416382},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0765058696269989},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C151730666","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7205","display_name":"Paleontology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120665830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14620","display_name":"Optics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":4,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.4102/sajo.v6i0.241","doi":"https://doi.org/10.4102/sajo.v6i0.241","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.4102/sajo.v6i0.241","pdf_url":"https://sajo.org.za/index.php/sajo/article/download/241/639","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210224078","display_name":"South African Journal of Oncology","issn_l":"2518-8704","issn":["2518-8704","2523-0646"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":false,"listed_in":["dhet","doaj","norway-1","scielo"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310315322","host_organization_name":"AOSIS","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310315322"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["AOSIS"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"South African Journal of Oncology","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pure.eur.nl:openaire/b7ce657d-11da-418c-ad35-5bdadace3435","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://pure.eur.nl/en/publications/b7ce657d-11da-418c-ad35-5bdadace3435","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401266","display_name":"EUR Research Repository (Erasmus University Rotterdam)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I913958620","host_organization_name":"Erasmus University Rotterdam","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I913958620"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Incrocci, L 2022, 'Testicular germ cell cancer in Africa: A survey on patterns of practice', South African Journal of Oncology. https://doi.org/10.4102/sajo.v6i0.241","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"},{"id":"pmh:eur:oai:pure.eur.nl:publications/b7ce657d-11da-418c-ad35-5bdadace3435","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://pure.eur.nl/en/publications/b7ce657d-11da-418c-ad35-5bdadace3435","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401266","display_name":"EUR Research Repository (Erasmus University Rotterdam)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I913958620","host_organization_name":"Erasmus University Rotterdam","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I913958620"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"other-oa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"South African Journal of Oncology","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:a08c30fbcbb9433f96a371acfabb5781","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/a08c30fbcbb9433f96a371acfabb5781","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"South African Journal of Oncology, Vol 6, Iss 0, Pp e1-e8 (2022)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.4102/sajo.v6i0.241","doi":"https://doi.org/10.4102/sajo.v6i0.241","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.4102/sajo.v6i0.241","pdf_url":"https://sajo.org.za/index.php/sajo/article/download/241/639","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210224078","display_name":"South African Journal of Oncology","issn_l":"2518-8704","issn":["2518-8704","2523-0646"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":false,"listed_in":["dhet","doaj","norway-1","scielo"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310315322","host_organization_name":"AOSIS","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310315322"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["AOSIS"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"South African Journal of Oncology","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","display_name":"Good health and well-being","score":0.9940000176429749}],"study_designs":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/study-designs/observational-study","display_name":"Observational Study"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4289835829.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4289835829.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":19,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2015372812","https://openalex.org/W2054724617","https://openalex.org/W2112137858","https://openalex.org/W2162919508","https://openalex.org/W2163308724","https://openalex.org/W2266111816","https://openalex.org/W2337329151","https://openalex.org/W2803894631","https://openalex.org/W2894087964","https://openalex.org/W2944394755","https://openalex.org/W2958956708","https://openalex.org/W2980355628","https://openalex.org/W3041657121","https://openalex.org/W3089109819","https://openalex.org/W3158958446","https://openalex.org/W3164798082","https://openalex.org/W3197518149","https://openalex.org/W4205555837","https://openalex.org/W4231024348"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2912012900","https://openalex.org/W2172027353","https://openalex.org/W4388124286","https://openalex.org/W4205555837","https://openalex.org/W4390110814","https://openalex.org/W2124520364","https://openalex.org/W7095895854","https://openalex.org/W2016612759","https://openalex.org/W3005871245","https://openalex.org/W2576645527"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Background:":[0],"Testicular":[1],"germ":[2],"cell":[3],"tumours":[4],"(GCTs)":[5],"are":[6,114,252],"rare":[7,265],"malignancies":[8],"most":[9,227],"prevalent":[10],"in":[11,32,66,76,100,118,209,263],"15\u201340-year-old":[12],"men.":[13],"Incidence":[14],"rates":[15,30,44],"of":[16,57,64,69,121,151,169,234],"testicular":[17,98,220],"cancer":[18],"on":[19,38,103,246],"a":[20],"global":[21],"level":[22],"show":[23,41],"marked":[24,207],"geographic":[25],"variation":[26,208],"with":[27,97,199],"higher":[28],"incidence":[29,43],"reported":[31,115,262],"predominantly":[33],"Caucasian":[34],"populations.":[35],"African":[36,78,129],"data":[37,144,244],"GCT":[39,99,221],"management":[40,68,141,231,248],"low":[42],"but":[45,179,196,266],"an":[46,77],"advanced":[47],"stage":[48,158],"at":[49,159,167,187],"presentation":[50,160],"and":[51,107,116,125,140,142,212,242,249,258],"high":[52],"mortality":[53],"rates.Aim:":[54],"The":[55,72,148,157,215],"aim":[56],"the":[58,67,119,170,260],"study":[59,73],"was":[60,74,86,155,161,206],"to":[61,88,153,194,217,223,226,254],"explore":[62],"patterns":[63],"practice":[65],"testicual":[70],"GCTs.Setting:":[71],"conducted":[75],"oncology":[79,93],"care":[80,94],"setting.Methods:":[81],"A":[82],"cross-sectional":[83],"web-based":[84],"survey":[85],"distributed":[87],"doctors":[89],"or":[90],"nurses":[91],"providing":[92],"for":[95],"patients":[96],"Africa.":[101],"Data":[102],"staging":[104],"procedures,":[105],"chemotherapy":[106],"radiotherapy":[108],"(RT)":[109],"treatment":[110,123,213,250],"schedules":[111],"across":[112],"institutions":[113,139,171,228],"discussed":[117],"context":[120],"international":[122,177],"guidelines":[124],"local":[126],"resources.Results:":[127],"Eleven":[128],"countries":[130],"contributed":[131],"data.":[132],"Epidemiological":[133],"estimates":[134],"were":[135,183,192],"received":[136],"from":[137,145],"20":[138],"outcome":[143],"18":[146],"institutions.":[147],"estimated":[149],"ratio":[150],"seminoma":[152],"non-seminoma":[154],"1:1.3.":[156],"tumour-node-metastases-serum":[162],"marker":[163],"(TNM-S)":[164],"Stage":[165],"III":[166],"half":[168],"surveyed.":[172,229],"Chemotherapy":[173],"regimens":[174],"mostly":[175],"followed":[176],"guidelines,":[178,232],"certain":[180],"essential":[181],"drugs":[182],"not":[184],"consistently":[185],"accessible":[186,225],"all":[188,195],"centres.":[189],"Radiotherapy":[190],"services":[191],"available":[193],"one":[197],"respondent,":[198],"three-dimensional":[200],"planning":[201],"being":[202],"widely":[203],"used.":[204],"There":[205],"RT":[210],"doses":[211],"fields.Conclusion:":[214],"resources":[216,257],"effectively":[218],"manage":[219],"appear":[222],"be":[224],"Regional":[230],"sharing":[233],"clinical":[235],"expertise":[236],"within":[237],"Africa":[238],"through":[239],"online":[240],"platforms":[241],"centralised":[243],"collection":[245],"epidemiology,":[247],"efficacy":[251],"advocated":[253],"better":[255],"allocate":[256],"improve":[259],"outcomes":[261],"this":[264],"potentially":[267],"curable":[268],"condition.":[269]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-10-27T15:51:10.671819","created_date":"2022-08-05T00:00:00"}
