{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4289547233","doi":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.4173466","title":"The Ownership Structure of U.S. Corporations","display_name":"The Ownership Structure of U.S. Corporations","publication_year":2022,"publication_date":"2022-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4289547233","doi":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.4173466"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.2139/ssrn.4173466","doi":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.4173466","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.4173466","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210172589","display_name":"SSRN Electronic Journal","issn_l":"1556-5068","issn":["1556-5068"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1318003438","host_organization_name":"RELX Group (Netherlands)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1318003438"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"acceptedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"posted-content"},"volume":null,"type":"preprint","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.4173466","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5070991273","display_name":"Jonathan W. Lewellen","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I107672454","display_name":"Dartmouth College","ror":"https://ror.org/049s0rh22","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I107672454"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1321305853","display_name":"National Bureau of Economic Research","ror":"https://ror.org/04grmx538","country_code":"US","type":"nonprofit","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1321305853"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jonathan W. Lewellen","raw_affiliation_strings":["Dartmouth College - Tuck School of Business","National Bureau of Economic Research (NBER)"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dartmouth College - Tuck School of Business","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I107672454"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"National Bureau of Economic Research (NBER)","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1321305853"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5112742898","display_name":"Katharina Lewellen","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I107672454","display_name":"Dartmouth College","ror":"https://ror.org/049s0rh22","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I107672454"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Katharina Lewellen","raw_affiliation_strings":["Dartmouth College - Tuck School of Business, Hanover, NH 03755, United States","Dartmouth College - Tuck School of Business"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dartmouth College - Tuck School of Business, Hanover, NH 03755, United States","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I107672454"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dartmouth College - Tuck School of Business","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I107672454"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5112742898"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I107672454"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":14,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10019","display_name":"Corporate Finance and Governance","score":0.9984999895095825,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1402","display_name":"Accounting"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/14","display_name":"Business, Management and Accounting"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10019","display_name":"Corporate Finance and Governance","score":0.9984999895095825,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1402","display_name":"Accounting"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/14","display_name":"Business, Management and Accounting"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10047","display_name":"Financial Markets and Investment Strategies","score":0.000699999975040555,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2003","display_name":"Finance"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/20","display_name":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12123","display_name":"Financial Analysis and Corporate Governance","score":9.999999747378752e-05,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1402","display_name":"Accounting"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/14","display_name":"Business, Management and Accounting"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/corporate-ownership-structure","display_name":"corporate ownership structure","score":0.9139999747276306},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ownership-concentration","display_name":"ownership concentration","score":0.8830000162124634},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/institutional-investors","display_name":"institutional investors","score":0.9470000267028809},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/insiders","display_name":"insiders","score":0.4970000088214874},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/affiliated-companies","display_name":"affiliated companies","score":0.9390000104904175},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/blockholders","display_name":"blockholders","score":0.9660000205039978},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/shareholder-activism","display_name":"shareholder activism","score":0.8019999861717224},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/passive-investing","display_name":"passive investing","score":0.7739999890327454},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/shareholder-monitoring","display_name":"shareholder monitoring","score":0.8679999709129333},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/corporate-governance","display_name":"corporate governance","score":0.43700000643730164}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144133560","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4830453","display_name":"Business","level":0,"score":0.6397626399993896},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121955636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4116214","display_name":"Accounting","level":1,"score":0.4631822109222412},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149933338","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q950816","display_name":"Capital structure","level":3,"score":0.43100735545158386},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C190253527","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q295354","display_name":"Law and economics","level":1,"score":0.346244215965271},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C73283319","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1416617","display_name":"Financial system","level":1,"score":0.3367590606212616},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C10138342","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43015","display_name":"Finance","level":1,"score":0.2335202693939209},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.2133709192276001},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120527767","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3196867","display_name":"Debt","level":2,"score":0.18530923128128052}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.2139/ssrn.4173466","doi":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.4173466","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.4173466","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210172589","display_name":"SSRN Electronic Journal","issn_l":"1556-5068","issn":["1556-5068"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1318003438","host_organization_name":"RELX Group (Netherlands)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1318003438"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"acceptedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"posted-content"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.2139/ssrn.4173466","doi":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.4173466","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.4173466","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210172589","display_name":"SSRN Electronic Journal","issn_l":"1556-5068","issn":["1556-5068"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1318003438","host_organization_name":"RELX Group (Netherlands)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1318003438"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"acceptedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"posted-content"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":46,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1949455802","https://openalex.org/W1984640356","https://openalex.org/W1991795148","https://openalex.org/W2014182748","https://openalex.org/W2020255743","https://openalex.org/W2056238342","https://openalex.org/W2103212465","https://openalex.org/W2105094633","https://openalex.org/W2116955982","https://openalex.org/W2120552721","https://openalex.org/W2125969219","https://openalex.org/W2141003613","https://openalex.org/W2151794806","https://openalex.org/W2167915877","https://openalex.org/W2390197401","https://openalex.org/W2893876317","https://openalex.org/W2902006712","https://openalex.org/W2907592255","https://openalex.org/W2911498642","https://openalex.org/W3022017556","https://openalex.org/W3022378855","https://openalex.org/W3121282009","https://openalex.org/W3121317163","https://openalex.org/W3121345957","https://openalex.org/W3121375661","https://openalex.org/W3121479022","https://openalex.org/W3121642575","https://openalex.org/W3122020827","https://openalex.org/W3122718888","https://openalex.org/W3122856474","https://openalex.org/W3122969931","https://openalex.org/W3123091495","https://openalex.org/W3123700708","https://openalex.org/W3123969639","https://openalex.org/W3124174303","https://openalex.org/W3124912806","https://openalex.org/W3125071619","https://openalex.org/W3125360171","https://openalex.org/W3125705127","https://openalex.org/W3130239813","https://openalex.org/W3198951081","https://openalex.org/W3204386880","https://openalex.org/W3211574027","https://openalex.org/W4251135403","https://openalex.org/W4291250603","https://openalex.org/W4293168407"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W937526650","https://openalex.org/W2047127854","https://openalex.org/W7213366507","https://openalex.org/W3150346511","https://openalex.org/W4226248456","https://openalex.org/W4205693320","https://openalex.org/W7023748727","https://openalex.org/W2120552721","https://openalex.org/W4296129631","https://openalex.org/W3004257675"],"abstract_inverted_index":null,"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-11-04T10:54:05.112534","created_date":"2022-08-03T00:00:00"}