{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4289535850","doi":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.4160179","title":"Selection and Causal Effects in Voluntary Programs: Bundled Payments in Medicare","display_name":"Selection and Causal Effects in Voluntary Programs: Bundled Payments in Medicare","publication_year":2022,"publication_date":"2022-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4289535850","doi":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.4160179"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.2139/ssrn.4160179","doi":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.4160179","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.4160179","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210172589","display_name":"SSRN Electronic Journal","issn_l":"1556-5068","issn":["1556-5068"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1318003438","host_organization_name":"RELX Group (Netherlands)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1318003438"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"SSRN Electronic Journal","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"preprint","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.4160179","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5090893202","display_name":"Atul Gupta","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8446-1909","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8446-1909"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I79576946","display_name":"University of Pennsylvania","ror":"https://ror.org/00b30xv10","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I79576946"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Atul Gupta","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Pennsylvania - Health Care Management, 204 Colonial Penn Center, 3641 Locust Walk, Philadelphia, 19104-6218, United States","University of Pennsylvania - Health Care Management"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Pennsylvania - Health Care Management, 204 Colonial Penn Center, 3641 Locust Walk, Philadelphia, 19104-6218, United States","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I79576946"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Pennsylvania - Health Care Management","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I79576946"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5053908011","display_name":"Amol S. Navathe","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7182-4988","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7182-4988"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Amol S. Navathe","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5075962053","display_name":"Joseph Martinez","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3491-2246","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3491-2246"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I79576946","display_name":"University of Pennsylvania","ror":"https://ror.org/00b30xv10","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I79576946"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Joseph Martinez","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Pennsylvania - The Wharton School, 3641 Locust Walk, Philadelphia, PA 19104-6365, United States","University of Pennsylvania - The Wharton School"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Pennsylvania - The Wharton School, 3641 Locust Walk, Philadelphia, PA 19104-6365, United States","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I79576946"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Pennsylvania - The Wharton School","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I79576946"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5090893202"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I79576946"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":1,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10845","display_name":"Advanced Causal Inference Techniques","score":0.4927000105381012,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2613","display_name":"Statistics and Probability"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/26","display_name":"Mathematics"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10845","display_name":"Advanced Causal Inference Techniques","score":0.4927000105381012,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2613","display_name":"Statistics and Probability"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/26","display_name":"Mathematics"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10391","display_name":"Healthcare Policy and Management","score":0.48489999771118164,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2002","display_name":"Economics and Econometrics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/20","display_name":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12010","display_name":"Evaluation and Performance Assessment","score":0.004399999976158142,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3321","display_name":"Public Administration"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bundled-payment","display_name":"bundled payment","score":0.7519999742507935},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/medicare","display_name":"Medicare","score":0.8550000190734863},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/voluntary-initiatives","display_name":"voluntary initiatives","score":0.5709999799728394},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/selection-bias","display_name":"selection bias","score":0.6470000147819519},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/treatment-heterogeneity","display_name":"treatment effect heterogeneity","score":0.7590000033378601},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/program-evaluation","display_name":"program evaluation","score":0.531000018119812},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hospitalization-costs","display_name":"hospital costs","score":0.35899999737739563},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/health-care-payment-reform","display_name":"health care payment reform","score":0.5550000071525574}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C81917197","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q628760","display_name":"Selection (genetic algorithm)","level":2,"score":0.5627142190933228},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C145097563","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1148747","display_name":"Payment","level":2,"score":0.5067830681800842},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162118730","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1128453","display_name":"Actuarial science","level":1,"score":0.5030860304832458},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144133560","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4830453","display_name":"Business","level":0,"score":0.4884861707687378},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C40423286","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q284172","display_name":"Selection bias","level":2,"score":0.4584074318408966},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C26077564","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1910318","display_name":"Turnover","level":2,"score":0.43624016642570496},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.2941740155220032},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.24343600869178772},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.21796190738677979},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C10138342","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43015","display_name":"Finance","level":1,"score":0.19828450679779053},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C187736073","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2920921","display_name":"Management","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142724271","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7208","display_name":"Pathology","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.2139/ssrn.4160179","doi":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.4160179","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.4160179","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210172589","display_name":"SSRN Electronic Journal","issn_l":"1556-5068","issn":["1556-5068"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1318003438","host_organization_name":"RELX Group (Netherlands)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1318003438"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"SSRN Electronic Journal","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.2139/ssrn.4160179","doi":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.4160179","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.4160179","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210172589","display_name":"SSRN Electronic Journal","issn_l":"1556-5068","issn":["1556-5068"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1318003438","host_organization_name":"RELX Group (Netherlands)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1318003438"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"SSRN Electronic Journal","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","display_name":"Good health and well-being","score":0.6240000128746033}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":35,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1953626533","https://openalex.org/W1963533677","https://openalex.org/W2099274660","https://openalex.org/W2104378093","https://openalex.org/W2104780889","https://openalex.org/W2164870148","https://openalex.org/W2174475500","https://openalex.org/W2467288387","https://openalex.org/W2521854653","https://openalex.org/W2564786704","https://openalex.org/W2577227262","https://openalex.org/W2626856861","https://openalex.org/W2733104912","https://openalex.org/W2792018968","https://openalex.org/W2800019038","https://openalex.org/W2808810639","https://openalex.org/W2809594642","https://openalex.org/W2886783958","https://openalex.org/W2890789870","https://openalex.org/W2891715444","https://openalex.org/W2908411509","https://openalex.org/W2911883296","https://openalex.org/W2918607375","https://openalex.org/W2969444038","https://openalex.org/W2998629418","https://openalex.org/W3025019044","https://openalex.org/W3045208661","https://openalex.org/W3118610906","https://openalex.org/W3125414722","https://openalex.org/W3146590742","https://openalex.org/W3178679208","https://openalex.org/W3201431100","https://openalex.org/W3201610518","https://openalex.org/W4226026863","https://openalex.org/W4287854550"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W3026637495","https://openalex.org/W4377229860","https://openalex.org/W3015574949","https://openalex.org/W3084287565","https://openalex.org/W7212068259","https://openalex.org/W7099302645","https://openalex.org/W3046135587","https://openalex.org/W3172388087","https://openalex.org/W3093467425","https://openalex.org/W1529840438"],"abstract_inverted_index":null,"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-11-04T10:54:05.112534","created_date":"2022-08-03T00:00:00"}