{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4289521787","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jmv.28037","title":"Combination therapy with remdesivir and immunomodulators improves respiratory status in COVID\u201019: A retrospective study","display_name":"Combination therapy with remdesivir and immunomodulators improves respiratory status in COVID\u201019: A retrospective study","publication_year":2022,"publication_date":"2022-08-02","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4289521787","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jmv.28037","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35916111","pmcid":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/9538820"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1002/jmv.28037","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jmv.28037","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jmv.28037","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S49828768","display_name":"Journal of Medical Virology","issn_l":"0146-6615","issn":["0146-6615","1096-9071"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-c","doyens","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","poland-70","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320595","host_organization_name":"Wiley","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320595"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Wiley"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Medical Virology","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://www.researchsquare.com/article/rs-1569269/latest.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5001539195","display_name":"Yuichi Kojima","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8337-884X","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8337-884X"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I205349734","display_name":"Hokkaido University","ror":"https://ror.org/02e16g702","country_code":"JP","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205349734"]}],"countries":["JP"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yuichi Kojima","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Respiratory Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Respiratory Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I205349734"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5068524983","display_name":"Sho Nakakubo","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1560-8361","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1560-8361"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I205349734","display_name":"Hokkaido University","ror":"https://ror.org/02e16g702","country_code":"JP","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205349734"]}],"countries":["JP"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Sho Nakakubo","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Respiratory Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1560-8361","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Respiratory Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I205349734"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5000676978","display_name":"Keisuke Kamada","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0008-5070-4272","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0009-0008-5070-4272","https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7034-4376"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I205349734","display_name":"Hokkaido University","ror":"https://ror.org/02e16g702","country_code":"JP","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205349734"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210100133","display_name":"Japan Anti Tuberculosis Association","ror":"https://ror.org/012daep68","country_code":"JP","type":"other","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210100133"]}],"countries":["JP"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Keisuke Kamada","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Epidemiology and Clinical Research, The Research Institute of Tuberculosis, Japan Anti-Tuberculosis Association, Tokyo, Japan","Department of Mycobacterium Reference and Research, The Research Institute of Tuberculosis, Japan Anti-Tuberculosis Association, Tokyo, Japan","Department of Respiratory Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Epidemiology and Clinical Research, The Research Institute of Tuberculosis, Japan Anti-Tuberculosis Association, Tokyo, Japan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210100133"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Mycobacterium Reference and Research, The Research Institute of Tuberculosis, Japan Anti-Tuberculosis Association, Tokyo, Japan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210100133"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Respiratory Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I205349734"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5102877012","display_name":"Yu Yamashita","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8117-1287","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8117-1287"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I205349734","display_name":"Hokkaido University","ror":"https://ror.org/02e16g702","country_code":"JP","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205349734"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210114170","display_name":"Obihiro Kosei General Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/027fjzp74","country_code":"JP","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210114170"]}],"countries":["JP"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yu Yamashita","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Respiratory Medicine 1, Obihiro Kosei General Hospital, Obihiro, Japan","Department of Respiratory Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Respiratory Medicine 1, Obihiro Kosei General Hospital, Obihiro, Japan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210114170"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Respiratory Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I205349734"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5058854394","display_name":"Nozomu Takei","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5091-3065","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5091-3065"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I205349734","display_name":"Hokkaido University","ror":"https://ror.org/02e16g702","country_code":"JP","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205349734"]}],"countries":["JP"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Nozomu Takei","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Respiratory Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Respiratory Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I205349734"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5002589477","display_name":"Junichi Nakamura","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3259-4160","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3259-4160"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I205349734","display_name":"Hokkaido University","ror":"https://ror.org/02e16g702","country_code":"JP","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205349734"]}],"countries":["JP"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Junichi Nakamura","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Respiratory Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Respiratory Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I205349734"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5109411830","display_name":"Munehiro Matsumoto","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I205349734","display_name":"Hokkaido University","ror":"https://ror.org/02e16g702","country_code":"JP","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205349734"]}],"countries":["JP"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Munehiro Matsumoto","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Respiratory Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Respiratory Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I205349734"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5085181566","display_name":"Hiroshi Horii","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I205349734","display_name":"Hokkaido University","ror":"https://ror.org/02e16g702","country_code":"JP","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205349734"]}],"countries":["JP"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hiroshi Horii","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Respiratory Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Respiratory Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I205349734"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5103030888","display_name":"Kazuki Sato","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0586-1868","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0586-1868","https://orcid.org/0009-0002-0814-4060"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I205349734","display_name":"Hokkaido University","ror":"https://ror.org/02e16g702","country_code":"JP","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205349734"]}],"countries":["JP"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Kazuki Sato","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Respiratory Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Respiratory Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I205349734"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Hideki Shima","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I205349734","display_name":"Hokkaido University","ror":"https://ror.org/02e16g702","country_code":"JP","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205349734"]}],"countries":["JP"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hideki Shima","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Respiratory Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Respiratory Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I205349734"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5068813933","display_name":"Masaru Suzuki","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2124-6793","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2124-6793"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I205349734","display_name":"Hokkaido University","ror":"https://ror.org/02e16g702","country_code":"JP","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205349734"]}],"countries":["JP"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Masaru Suzuki","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Respiratory Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Respiratory Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I205349734"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101573280","display_name":"Satoshi Konno","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7997-1819","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7997-1819"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I205349734","display_name":"Hokkaido University","ror":"https://ror.org/02e16g702","country_code":"JP","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205349734"]}],"countries":["JP"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Satoshi Konno","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Respiratory Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Respiratory Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I205349734"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5068524983"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I205349734"],"apc_list":{"value":3900,"currency":"USD","value_usd":3900},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.6506,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":14,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.85019645,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":91,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"94","issue":"12","first_page":"5702","last_page":"5712"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10041","display_name":"COVID-19 Clinical Research Studies","score":0.9990000128746033,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2725","display_name":"Infectious Diseases"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10041","display_name":"COVID-19 Clinical Research Studies","score":0.9990000128746033,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2725","display_name":"Infectious Diseases"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10322","display_name":"Respiratory Support and Mechanisms","score":0.0003000000142492354,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2740","display_name":"Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10118","display_name":"SARS-CoV-2 and COVID-19 Research","score":0.00019999999494757503,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2725","display_name":"Infectious Diseases"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/covid-19","display_name":"COVID-19 pandemic","score":0.9599999785423279},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/remdesivir","display_name":"remdesivir","score":0.9990000128746033},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/tocilizumab","display_name":"tocilizumab","score":0.9639999866485596},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/baricitinib","display_name":"baricitinib","score":1.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/immunomodulators","display_name":"immunomodulators","score":0.8539999723434448},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/combination-therapy","display_name":"combination therapy","score":0.9670000076293945},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/respiratory-status","display_name":"respiratory status","score":0.7760000228881836},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sars-cov-2","display_name":"SARS-CoV-2","score":0.6309999823570251},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/corticosteroids","display_name":"corticosteroids","score":0.6579999923706055},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/prognostic-factors","display_name":"prognostic factors","score":0.953000009059906},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/survival","display_name":"survival","score":0.7590000033378601},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/propensity-score-matching","display_name":"propensity score matching","score":0.6650000214576721},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/severe-pneumonia","display_name":"severe pneumonia","score":0.38999998569488525},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cytokine-storm","display_name":"cytokine storm","score":0.42100000381469727},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/antiviral-therapy","display_name":"antiviral therapy","score":0.6549999713897705},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/steroid-sparing-therapy","display_name":"steroid-sparing therapy","score":0.4950000047683716}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3008058167","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q84263196","display_name":"Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19)","level":4,"score":0.8314511775970459},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159047783","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7215","display_name":"Virology","level":1,"score":0.7590081691741943},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3007834351","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q82069695","display_name":"Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2)","level":5,"score":0.6923208832740784},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C534529494","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7891","display_name":"Respiratory system","level":2,"score":0.6861754059791565},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3006700255","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q81068910","display_name":"2019-20 coronavirus outbreak","level":3,"score":0.6849048733711243},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.5846297144889832},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778137277","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16532287","display_name":"Betacoronavirus","level":5,"score":0.5046576261520386},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C167135981","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2146302","display_name":"Retrospective cohort study","level":2,"score":0.428432822227478},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126322002","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11180","display_name":"Internal medicine","level":1,"score":0.16201898455619812},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C524204448","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q788926","display_name":"Infectious disease (medical specialty)","level":3,"score":0.07072809338569641},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779134260","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12136","display_name":"Disease","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C116675565","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3241045","display_name":"Outbreak","level":2,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000086402","descriptor_name":"SARS-CoV-2","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000093485","descriptor_name":"COVID-19 Drug Treatment","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D000249","descriptor_name":"Adenosine Monophosphate","qualifier_ui":"Q000031","qualifier_name":"analogs & derivatives","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000409","descriptor_name":"Alanine","qualifier_ui":"Q000031","qualifier_name":"analogs & derivatives","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000998","descriptor_name":"Antiviral Agents","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D001384","descriptor_name":"Azetidines","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D007155","descriptor_name":"Immunologic Factors","qualifier_ui":"Q000627","qualifier_name":"therapeutic use","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D010100","descriptor_name":"Oxygen","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D011687","descriptor_name":"Purines","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D011720","descriptor_name":"Pyrazoles","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012189","descriptor_name":"Retrospective Studies","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D013449","descriptor_name":"Sulfonamides","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false}],"locations_count":4,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1002/jmv.28037","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jmv.28037","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jmv.28037","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S49828768","display_name":"Journal of Medical Virology","issn_l":"0146-6615","issn":["0146-6615","1096-9071"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-c","doyens","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","poland-70","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320595","host_organization_name":"Wiley","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320595"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Wiley"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Medical Virology","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"doi:10.21203/rs.3.rs-1569269/v1","doi":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-1569269/v1","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-1569269/v1","pdf_url":"https://www.researchsquare.com/article/rs-1569269/latest.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525896","display_name":"Research Square","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"acceptedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Research Square","raw_type":"posted-content"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:9538820","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/9538820","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"J Med Virol","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmid:35916111","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35916111","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of medical virology","raw_type":"Journal Article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.21203/rs.3.rs-1569269/v1","doi":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-1569269/v1","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-1569269/v1","pdf_url":"https://www.researchsquare.com/article/rs-1569269/latest.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525896","display_name":"Research Square","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"acceptedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Research Square","raw_type":"posted-content"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","score":1.0,"display_name":"Good health and well-being"}],"study_designs":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/study-designs/observational-study","display_name":"Observational Study"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4289521787.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4289521787.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":32,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2063634757","https://openalex.org/W2991491848","https://openalex.org/W3005212621","https://openalex.org/W3011047976","https://openalex.org/W3015490759","https://openalex.org/W3018023298","https://openalex.org/W3021024241","https://openalex.org/W3027630905","https://openalex.org/W3032677067","https://openalex.org/W3033655487","https://openalex.org/W3042270788","https://openalex.org/W3082108964","https://openalex.org/W3092136311","https://openalex.org/W3110466220","https://openalex.org/W3113436347","https://openalex.org/W3126914089","https://openalex.org/W3130126061","https://openalex.org/W3137071766","https://openalex.org/W3181530483","https://openalex.org/W3197608731","https://openalex.org/W3201297794","https://openalex.org/W3202802293","https://openalex.org/W4200206478","https://openalex.org/W4200509388","https://openalex.org/W4205152505","https://openalex.org/W4205677903","https://openalex.org/W4206396480","https://openalex.org/W4226000022","https://openalex.org/W6778352107","https://openalex.org/W6779451187","https://openalex.org/W6783892057","https://openalex.org/W6808209867"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4229441238","https://openalex.org/W3113196149","https://openalex.org/W4226083571","https://openalex.org/W4309721255","https://openalex.org/W4389032199","https://openalex.org/W4386895024","https://openalex.org/W4226000022","https://openalex.org/W4225725456","https://openalex.org/W4220657128","https://openalex.org/W4224216385"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Abstract":[0],"Background:":[1],"Although":[2],"immunomodulators":[3,36],"(tocilizumab":[4],"or":[5,71,132,304],"baricitinib)":[6],"have":[7],"been":[8],"shown":[9],"to":[10,54,75,167,184,187,214,308,328],"improve":[11],"outcomes":[12],"in":[13,33,40,79,103,254,332],"patients":[14,50,127,137,296,333],"with":[15,35,51,68,154,297],"coronavirus":[16],"disease":[17],"(COVID-19),":[18],"the":[19,29,55,85,104,168,231,255,284,290],"additive":[20],"effect":[21,30,86],"of":[22,31,77,87,100,163,227,246,292,324],"remdesivir":[23,32,88,139,158,181,222,256,306,325],"is":[24],"unknown.":[25],"We":[26,124],"retrospectively":[27],"tested":[28],"combination":[34],"and":[37,62,84,110,142,152,210,237,313,320,336],"standard":[38,337],"treatments":[39],"COVID-19":[41,52,298],"patients.Methods:":[42],"A":[43,115],"retrospective,":[44],"single-center":[45],"study":[46],"was":[47,82,93,113,121,251,270],"conducted":[48],"on":[49,90,107,334],"admitted":[53],"Hokkaido":[56],"University":[57],"Hospital":[58],"between":[59,267],"April":[60],"2020":[61],"September":[63],"2021,":[64],"who":[65,128,299],"were":[66,150,217],"treated":[67,153],"either":[69,130],"tocilizumab":[70,131,303],"baricitinib.":[72,133],"The":[73,98,157,221,244,264],"duration":[74],"achievement":[76],"oxygen-free":[78,189],"both":[80],"groups":[81,106,269,288],"compared,":[83],"use":[89,182,323],"respiratory":[91,101,164,310,315,330],"status":[92,102,165,316,331],"examined":[94],"through":[95],"multivariate":[96],"analysis.":[97],"severity":[99,250],"two":[105,268],"day":[108,111,261],"14":[109,236,319],"28":[112,238],"compared.":[114],"sensitivity":[116],"analysis":[117,178],"using":[118],"propensity":[119,285],"score":[120],"also":[122,252],"performed.Results:":[123],"enrolled":[125],"98":[126],"received":[129],"Of":[134],"these,":[135],"72":[136],"used":[138,300],"(remdesivir":[140],"group)":[141],"26":[143,174],"did":[144],"not":[145,271],"(control":[146],"group).":[147],"Most":[148],"cases":[149],"severe":[151],"concomitant":[155],"steroids.":[156],"group":[159,170,223,233,257],"had":[160],"faster":[161],"recovery":[162,311],"compared":[166],"control":[169,232],"(11":[171],"days":[172,235,318],"vs.":[173],"days,":[175],"P=0.033).":[176],"Multivariate":[177],"showed":[179,289],"that":[180],"contributed":[183,307],"shorter":[185,309],"time":[186,211,266,312],"being":[188],"(hazard":[190],"ratio":[191],"[HR]":[192],"=":[193,275],"2.33,":[194],"95":[195,277],"%":[196],"confidence":[197],"interval":[198],"[CI]":[199],"1.17":[200],"\u2013":[201,280],"4.46,":[202],"P=0.016).":[203],"Age,":[204],"body":[205],"mass":[206],"index,":[207],"diabetes":[208],"mellitus,":[209],"from":[212,248],"onset":[213],"oxygen":[215,228],"administration":[216],"independent":[218],"prognostic":[219],"factors.":[220],"achieved":[224],"higher":[225,253],"rate":[226],"free":[229],"than":[230],"at":[234,317],"after":[239],"treatment":[240],"(P=0.033,":[241],"P=0.003,":[242],"respectively).":[243],"degree":[245],"improvement":[247],"baseline":[249],"(day":[258],"14;":[259],"P=0.047,":[260],"28;":[262],"P=0.018).":[263],"survival":[265],"significantly":[272],"different":[273],"(HR":[274],"0.55,":[276],"%CI":[278],"0.10":[279],"2.99,":[281],"P=0.49).":[282],"Similarly,":[283],"score-matched":[286],"patient":[287],"efficacy":[291],"remdesivir.":[293],"Conclusions:":[294],"Among":[295],"immunomodulator":[301,335],"containing":[302],"baricitiib,":[305],"better":[314],"28.":[321],"Concomitant":[322],"may":[326],"contribute":[327],"improved":[329],"treatment.":[338]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-11-08T12:12:28.789561","created_date":"2022-08-03T00:00:00"}