{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4289130364","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2022.931646","title":"How to design font size for older adults: A systematic literature review with a mobile device","display_name":"How to design font size for older adults: A systematic literature review with a mobile device","publication_year":2022,"publication_date":"2022-08-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4289130364","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2022.931646","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35978796","pmcid":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/9376262"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2022.931646","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2022.931646","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2022.931646","pdf_url":"https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fpsyg.2022.931646/pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S9692511","display_name":"Frontiers in Psychology","issn_l":"1664-1078","issn":["1664-1078"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","doaj","erih-plus","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","norway-1","poland-70","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320527","host_organization_name":"Frontiers Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320527"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Frontiers Media"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Frontiers in Psychology","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"review","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fpsyg.2022.931646/pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5037494791","display_name":"Guanhua Hou","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0745-8896","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0745-8896"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I109935558","display_name":"Ningbo University","ror":"https://ror.org/03et85d35","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I109935558"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Guanhua Hou","raw_affiliation_strings":["Pan Tianshou College of Architecture, Art and Design, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Pan Tianshou College of Architecture, Art and Design, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I109935558"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5040851651","display_name":"Umenwaniri Anicetus","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I109935558","display_name":"Ningbo University","ror":"https://ror.org/03et85d35","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I109935558"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Umenwaniri Anicetus","raw_affiliation_strings":["Pan Tianshou College of Architecture, Art and Design, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Pan Tianshou College of Architecture, Art and Design, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I109935558"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100556578","display_name":"Jingwei He","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0003-5884-5831","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0009-0003-5884-5831"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I37987034","display_name":"Guangzhou University","ror":"https://ror.org/05ar8rn06","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I37987034"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Jingwei He","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of art and design, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of art and design, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I37987034"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5037494791","https://openalex.org/A5100556578"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I109935558","https://openalex.org/I37987034"],"apc_list":{"value":2950,"currency":"USD","value_usd":2950},"apc_paid":{"value":2950,"currency":"USD","value_usd":2950},"fwci":1.8625,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":53,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.84710744,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":95,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"13","issue":null,"first_page":"931646","last_page":"931646"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11977","display_name":"Technology Use by Older Adults","score":0.6518999934196472,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3317","display_name":"Demography"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11977","display_name":"Technology Use by Older Adults","score":0.6518999934196472,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3317","display_name":"Demography"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10470","display_name":"Usability and User Interface Design","score":0.09009999781847,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1709","display_name":"Human-Computer Interaction"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10381","display_name":"Ophthalmology and Visual Impairment Studies","score":0.04830000177025795,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2713","display_name":"Epidemiology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/font-size","display_name":"font size","score":0.9729999899864197},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/older-adults","display_name":"older adults","score":0.9980000257492065},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/readability","display_name":"readability","score":0.7509999871253967},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/legibility","display_name":"legibility","score":0.9850000143051147},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/reading-speed","display_name":"reading speed","score":0.8650000095367432},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/visual-angle","display_name":"visual angle","score":0.5249999761581421},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/usability-evaluation-methods","display_name":"usability evaluation methods","score":0.7950000166893005},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/eye-tracking","display_name":"eye tracking","score":0.9850000143051147},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/aging","display_name":"aging","score":0.43299999833106995},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/typographic-design","display_name":"typographic design","score":0.3449999988079071}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779332521","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1820694","display_name":"Legibility","level":2,"score":0.9750933647155762},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777737414","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4868296","display_name":"Font","level":2,"score":0.9391923546791077},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778143727","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1820650","display_name":"Readability","level":2,"score":0.9303942918777466},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C170130773","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q216378","display_name":"Usability","level":2,"score":0.7867385149002075},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C554936623","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q199657","display_name":"Reading (process)","level":2,"score":0.5713154077529907},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.48723021149635315},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C170003942","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q861066","display_name":"Display size","level":3,"score":0.46949127316474915},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.45815834403038025},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776436953","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5163215","display_name":"Consistency (knowledge bases)","level":2,"score":0.4287703335285187},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107457646","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207434","display_name":"Human\u2013computer interaction","level":1,"score":0.3648681640625},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C23123220","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q816826","display_name":"Information retrieval","level":1,"score":0.3235151469707489},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.24460309743881226},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C164597639","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q327065","display_name":"Display device","level":2,"score":0.09389904141426086},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153349607","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36649","display_name":"Visual arts","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142362112","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q735","display_name":"Art","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":4,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2022.931646","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2022.931646","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2022.931646","pdf_url":"https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fpsyg.2022.931646/pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S9692511","display_name":"Frontiers in Psychology","issn_l":"1664-1078","issn":["1664-1078"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","doaj","erih-plus","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","norway-1","poland-70","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320527","host_organization_name":"Frontiers Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320527"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Frontiers Media"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Frontiers in Psychology","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:9376262","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/9376262","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Front Psychol","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmid:35978796","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35978796","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Frontiers in psychology","raw_type":"Systematic Review"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:677c536e353c4aa2ae6bc8b847c86c46","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/677c536e353c4aa2ae6bc8b847c86c46","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Frontiers in Psychology, Vol 13 (2022)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2022.931646","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2022.931646","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2022.931646","pdf_url":"https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fpsyg.2022.931646/pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S9692511","display_name":"Frontiers in Psychology","issn_l":"1664-1078","issn":["1664-1078"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","doaj","erih-plus","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","norway-1","poland-70","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320527","host_organization_name":"Frontiers Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320527"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Frontiers Media"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Frontiers in Psychology","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/study-designs/systematic-review","display_name":"Systematic Review"}],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320327281","display_name":"Jilin Office of Philosophy and Social Science","ror":"https://ror.org/02y7tmn58"}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4289130364.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4289130364.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":50,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W146230460","https://openalex.org/W240554820","https://openalex.org/W1494994032","https://openalex.org/W1687476663","https://openalex.org/W1966756094","https://openalex.org/W1971848396","https://openalex.org/W1973605820","https://openalex.org/W1976782915","https://openalex.org/W1981505525","https://openalex.org/W2008079666","https://openalex.org/W2015253307","https://openalex.org/W2031454386","https://openalex.org/W2033142537","https://openalex.org/W2039249738","https://openalex.org/W2052042018","https://openalex.org/W2053171955","https://openalex.org/W2061100559","https://openalex.org/W2062431627","https://openalex.org/W2068664661","https://openalex.org/W2069930535","https://openalex.org/W2075236953","https://openalex.org/W2082591969","https://openalex.org/W2084019645","https://openalex.org/W2088695759","https://openalex.org/W2091597315","https://openalex.org/W2111760651","https://openalex.org/W2115962522","https://openalex.org/W2130624338","https://openalex.org/W2134816198","https://openalex.org/W2143088708","https://openalex.org/W2143326492","https://openalex.org/W2146184127","https://openalex.org/W2163658634","https://openalex.org/W2195238912","https://openalex.org/W2197045830","https://openalex.org/W2204572354","https://openalex.org/W2206143015","https://openalex.org/W2292479482","https://openalex.org/W2317475747","https://openalex.org/W2576183397","https://openalex.org/W2888972534","https://openalex.org/W2913127523","https://openalex.org/W2917187210","https://openalex.org/W2968041617","https://openalex.org/W3005117680","https://openalex.org/W3022090352","https://openalex.org/W3038922687","https://openalex.org/W4205942935","https://openalex.org/W4214676688","https://openalex.org/W4235558484"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2082591969","https://openalex.org/W7097355400","https://openalex.org/W2259654233","https://openalex.org/W2508342350","https://openalex.org/W2315674992","https://openalex.org/W3217172372","https://openalex.org/W3205727867","https://openalex.org/W1933345118","https://openalex.org/W2968041617","https://openalex.org/W2888972534"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"With":[0],"the":[1,44,50,59,118],"global":[2],"society":[3],"aging,":[4],"it":[5],"is":[6],"necessary":[7],"to":[8,83,149,161,170],"investigate":[9],"suitable":[10,142],"font":[11,36,96,151,165],"size":[12,37,103,152,166],"based":[13,52],"on":[14,35,43,53],"reading":[15,47,54],"time/speed,":[16,55],"readability":[17,106],"and":[18,31,41,48,58,75,86,112,136,159],"legibility":[19,57],"for":[20,38,133,139,167],"older":[21,39,92,168],"adults.":[22],"This":[23,121],"study":[24,122],"used":[25,82],"a":[26,101,124,137,146],"systematic":[27],"review":[28],"of":[29,46,127,155],"previous":[30],"existing":[32],"relevant":[33],"research":[34,42],"adults":[40,93,169],"psychophysics":[45],"analyzed":[49],"outcomes":[51],"readability,":[56],"usability":[60,128,143],"evaluation":[61,110,129,144],"methods":[62,111],"employed.":[63],"Studies":[64],"were":[65,115],"selected":[66,119],"from":[67],"databases":[68],"GOOGLE":[69],"SCHOLAR,":[70],"WEB":[71],"OF":[72],"SCIENCE,":[73],"PUBMED,":[74],"SCIENCE":[76],"DIRECT.":[77],"An":[78],"inclusion":[79],"criterion":[80],"was":[81],"remove":[84],"duplicates":[85],"avoid":[87],"inconsistencies.":[88],"Results":[89],"suggest":[90],"that":[91],"preferred":[94],"larger":[95],"sizes.":[97],"However,":[98],"there":[99],"exists":[100],"critical":[102],"at":[104],"which":[105],"declines.":[107],"Inconsistencies":[108],"in":[109,117,157,173],"experimental":[113],"procedures":[114],"observed":[116],"articles.":[120],"suggested":[123],"reusable":[125],"catalog":[126],"methods,":[130,145],"eye":[131],"tracking":[132],"user":[134],"testing":[135],"questionnaire":[138],"inquiry":[140],"as":[141],"uniform":[147],"metrics":[148],"measure":[150],"(visual":[153],"angle":[154],"font)":[156],"arcminutes":[158],"parameters":[160],"consider":[162],"when":[163],"investigating":[164],"ensure":[171],"consistency":[172],"future":[174],"studies.":[175]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":19},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":20},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":11},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2026-10-28T10:33:24.094632","created_date":"2022-08-01T00:00:00"}
