{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4287010285","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/land11081127","title":"Green and Low-Carbon Commuting Evaluation and Optimization of a Cross-Border Metropolitan Region by the Subway Network: The Case of Shenzhen and Hong Kong, China","display_name":"Green and Low-Carbon Commuting Evaluation and Optimization of a Cross-Border Metropolitan Region by the Subway Network: The Case of Shenzhen and Hong Kong, China","publication_year":2022,"publication_date":"2022-07-22","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4287010285","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/land11081127"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/land11081127","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/land11081127","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/land11081127","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2073-445X/11/8/1127/pdf?version=1658491581","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2738397068","display_name":"Land","issn_l":"2073-445X","issn":["2073-445X"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","doaj","norway-1","poland-70","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Land","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2073-445X/11/8/1127/pdf?version=1658491581","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5005201234","display_name":"Dening Chen","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I201459984","display_name":"Guangdong University Of Finances and Economics","ror":"https://ror.org/0459pv085","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I201459984"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Dening Chen","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Tourism and Geography, Guangdong University of Finance and Economics, Guangzhou 510320, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Tourism and Geography, Guangdong University of Finance and Economics, Guangzhou 510320, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I201459984"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5087368959","display_name":"Zuxin He","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0008-2539-2721","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0009-0008-2539-2721"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I201459984","display_name":"Guangdong University Of Finances and Economics","ror":"https://ror.org/0459pv085","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I201459984"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zuxin He","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Economics, Guangdong University of Finance and Economics, Guangzhou 510320, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Economics, Guangdong University of Finance and Economics, Guangzhou 510320, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I201459984"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5025790235","display_name":"Xinyi Hong","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5563-6055","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5563-6055"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I201459984","display_name":"Guangdong University Of Finances and Economics","ror":"https://ror.org/0459pv085","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I201459984"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xinyi Hong","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Tourism and Geography, Guangdong University of Finance and Economics, Guangzhou 510320, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Tourism and Geography, Guangdong University of Finance and Economics, Guangzhou 510320, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I201459984"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5005731918","display_name":"Xinxin Ni","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210103904","display_name":"Tourism College of Zhejiang","ror":"https://ror.org/01c5khf59","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210103904"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xinxin Ni","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of International Hotel Management at Qiandaohu, Tourism College of Zhejiang China, Hangzhou 311231, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of International Hotel Management at Qiandaohu, Tourism College of Zhejiang China, Hangzhou 311231, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210103904"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5110996438","display_name":"Renfeng Ma","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2987-5594","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2987-5594"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I109935558","display_name":"Ningbo University","ror":"https://ror.org/03et85d35","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I109935558"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Renfeng Ma","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Geography & Spatial Information Techniques, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2987-5594","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Geography & Spatial Information Techniques, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I109935558"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5110996438"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I109935558"],"apc_list":{"value":2000,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2094},"apc_paid":{"value":2000,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2094},"fwci":1.2236,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":9,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.77442847,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":"11","issue":"8","first_page":"1127","last_page":"1127"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10698","display_name":"Transportation Planning and Optimization","score":0.6395999789237976,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3313","display_name":"Transportation"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10698","display_name":"Transportation Planning and Optimization","score":0.6395999789237976,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3313","display_name":"Transportation"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10298","display_name":"Urban Transport and Accessibility","score":0.1696999967098236,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3313","display_name":"Transportation"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12690","display_name":"Cross-Border Cooperation and Integration","score":0.04470000043511391,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3320","display_name":"Political Science and International Relations"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cross-border-commuting","display_name":"cross-border commuting","score":0.8690000176429749},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/subway-network","display_name":"subway network","score":0.871999979019165},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/commuting-time","display_name":"commuting time","score":0.5899999737739563},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/customs-clearance","display_name":"customs clearance","score":0.7480000257492065},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/tariff-policy","display_name":"tariff policy","score":0.6209999918937683},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/transport-accessibility","display_name":"transport accessibility","score":0.7210000157356262},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/guangdong-hong-kong-macao-greater-bay-area","display_name":"Greater Bay Area","score":0.8799999952316284},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/one-country-two-systems","display_name":"one country, two systems","score":0.7889999747276306},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/points-of-interest","display_name":"points of interest","score":0.6740000247955322},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/urban-functional-zones","display_name":"urban functional zones","score":0.4560000002384186}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C158739034","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1907114","display_name":"Metropolitan area","level":2,"score":0.7376547455787659},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C191935318","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q148","display_name":"China","level":2,"score":0.630476713180542},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144133560","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4830453","display_name":"Business","level":0,"score":0.6130302548408508},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776060655","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q52389","display_name":"Tariff","level":2,"score":0.5542986989021301},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779343474","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3109175","display_name":"Context (archaeology)","level":2,"score":0.548764169216156},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C22212356","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q775325","display_name":"Transport engineering","level":1,"score":0.4996011257171631},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780980858","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q110022","display_name":"Dual (grammatical number)","level":2,"score":0.43479642271995544},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778205265","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5152545","display_name":"Commercial area","level":2,"score":0.42828643321990967},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205649164","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1071","display_name":"Geography","level":0,"score":0.4206354022026062},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C182306322","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1779371","display_name":"Order (exchange)","level":2,"score":0.4184114336967468},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C10138342","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43015","display_name":"Finance","level":1,"score":0.15721383690834045},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.13568741083145142},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C155202549","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q178803","display_name":"International trade","level":1,"score":0.11564338207244873},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C166957645","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q23498","display_name":"Archaeology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124952713","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8242","display_name":"Literature","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142362112","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q735","display_name":"Art","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/land11081127","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/land11081127","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/land11081127","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2073-445X/11/8/1127/pdf?version=1658491581","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2738397068","display_name":"Land","issn_l":"2073-445X","issn":["2073-445X"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","doaj","norway-1","poland-70","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Land","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:RePEc:gam:jlands:v:11:y:2022:i:8:p:1127-:d:869262","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2073-445X/11/8/1127/","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401271","display_name":"RePEc: Research Papers in Economics","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I77793887","host_organization_name":"Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I77793887"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:ea3615a373ac407881fbb55d4846e804","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/ea3615a373ac407881fbb55d4846e804","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Land, Vol 11, Iss 8, p 1127 (2022)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/land11081127","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/land11081127","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/land11081127","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2073-445X/11/8/1127/pdf?version=1658491581","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2738397068","display_name":"Land","issn_l":"2073-445X","issn":["2073-445X"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","doaj","norway-1","poland-70","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Land","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":1.0,"display_name":"Sustainable cities and communities","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/11"},{"score":0.8970999717712402,"display_name":"Industry, innovation and infrastructure","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/9"}],"sustainable_development_goals_aurora":[{"score":0.5799999833106995,"display_name":"Industry, innovation and infrastructure","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/9"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335869","display_name":"National Social Science Fund of China","ror":null}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4287010285.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4287010285.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":19,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1496439502","https://openalex.org/W1983586487","https://openalex.org/W1983774662","https://openalex.org/W1984300739","https://openalex.org/W1994568294","https://openalex.org/W2026246309","https://openalex.org/W2049717705","https://openalex.org/W2068234698","https://openalex.org/W2080057026","https://openalex.org/W2145837044","https://openalex.org/W2152750730","https://openalex.org/W2347373513","https://openalex.org/W2382888295","https://openalex.org/W2384888374","https://openalex.org/W2597523227","https://openalex.org/W2621656651","https://openalex.org/W2901629708","https://openalex.org/W2948064328","https://openalex.org/W4220760372"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W3081983346","https://openalex.org/W2912362944","https://openalex.org/W2905987117","https://openalex.org/W2361667762","https://openalex.org/W2919734024","https://openalex.org/W2972434002","https://openalex.org/W3185280318","https://openalex.org/W3041189300","https://openalex.org/W6885377011","https://openalex.org/W2589295375"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"In":[0,164],"the":[1,4,26,31,36,39,43,59,76,83,87,102,106,109,119,124,128,148,154,166,181,184,193,201,212,224,228],"context":[2],"of":[3,42,58,64,67,82,105,108,130,153,183,203,215,227],"One":[5],"Country\u2013Two":[6],"Systems":[7],"policy,":[8,33],"Shenzhen":[9,144,204],"and":[10,54,62,79,113,123,145,158,190,205,218,221],"Hong":[11,146,206],"Kong":[12,111,186,207],"have":[13],"rapidly":[14],"grown":[15],"into":[16],"a":[17,22,131],"dual-core":[18],"international":[19],"metropolis.":[20],"However,":[21],"huge":[23],"barrier":[24],"is":[25,161,176],"commuting":[27],"cost":[28,196],"incurred":[29],"by":[30],"tariff":[32,90],"which":[34],"blocks":[35],"road":[37],"to":[38,178,199,210],"high-quality":[40],"development":[41,220],"Guangdong\u2013Hong":[44],"Kong\u2013Macao":[45],"Greater":[46],"Bay":[47],"Area":[48],"(GBA).":[49],"Based":[50],"on":[51],"traffic":[52,93],"accessibility":[53],"kernel":[55],"density":[56],"analysis":[57],"subway":[60],"network":[61],"points":[63],"interest":[65],"(POIs)":[66],"urban":[68],"functional":[69,84],"areas":[70,85,126,160],"with":[71,134],"ArcGIS,":[72],"this":[73],"study":[74],"analyzed":[75],"commute":[77,149],"time":[78,95,122,150],"convenience":[80],"level":[81],"in":[86,96,143,151,208],"two":[88],"separate":[89],"zones.":[91],"The":[92],"(commute)":[94],"75":[97],"min":[98,171],"was":[99,115,139,172],"taken":[100],"as":[101,198],"turning":[103],"point":[104],"efficiency":[107],"Shenzhen\u2013Hong":[110,185],"connection,":[112],"it":[114],"found":[116,141],"that":[117],"both":[118],"customs":[120,187,194],"clearance":[121,188,195],"accessible":[125],"show":[127],"shape":[129],"parabolic":[132],"function":[133],"an":[135],"upward":[136],"opening.":[137],"It":[138,175],"also":[140],"that,":[142],"Kong,":[147],"most":[152],"business,":[155],"commercial,":[156],"residential,":[157],"industrial":[159],"60\u201375":[162],"min.":[163],"particular,":[165],"comfortable":[167],"range":[168],"within":[169],"45":[170],"not":[173],"achieved.":[174],"necessary":[177],"further":[179],"promote":[180,200],"effectiveness":[182],"system":[189],"continuously":[191],"reduce":[192],"so":[197],"integration":[202],"order":[209],"implement":[211],"national":[213],"strategy":[214],"\u201cdual":[216],"circulation\u201d":[217],"innovation-driven":[219],"efficiently":[222],"drive":[223],"coordinated":[225],"construction":[226],"GBA.":[229]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-10-16T09:59:22.235173","created_date":"2022-07-25T00:00:00"}