{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4286697640","doi":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-1848129/v1","title":"Blood-brain barrier opening in a large animal model using individualized closed-loop microbubble cavitation-based feedback control of focused ultrasound sonication","display_name":"Blood-brain barrier opening in a large animal model using individualized closed-loop microbubble cavitation-based feedback control of focused ultrasound sonication","publication_year":2022,"publication_date":"2022-07-22","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4286697640","doi":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-1848129/v1"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.21203/rs.3.rs-1848129/v1","doi":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-1848129/v1","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-1848129/v1","pdf_url":"https://www.researchsquare.com/article/rs-1848129/latest.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525896","display_name":"Research Square","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"acceptedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Research Square","raw_type":"posted-content"},"volume":null,"type":"preprint","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://www.researchsquare.com/article/rs-1848129/latest.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5103181916","display_name":"Chih-Yen Chien","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9529-2311","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9529-2311"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I204465549","display_name":"Washington University in St. Louis","ror":"https://ror.org/01yc7t268","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I204465549"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Chih-Yen Chien","raw_affiliation_strings":["Washington University in St. Louis","Washington University in St. Louis Hong"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Washington University in St. Louis","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I204465549"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Washington University in St. Louis Hong","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I204465549"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5102926400","display_name":"Lu Xu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4807-719X","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4807-719X"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I204465549","display_name":"Washington University in St. Louis","ror":"https://ror.org/01yc7t268","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I204465549"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Lu Xu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Washington University in St. Louis","Washington University in St. Louis Hong"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Washington University in St. Louis","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I204465549"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Washington University in St. Louis Hong","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I204465549"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5075998033","display_name":"Christopher Pham Pacia","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1645-9222","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1645-9222"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I204465549","display_name":"Washington University in St. Louis","ror":"https://ror.org/01yc7t268","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I204465549"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Christopher Pham Pacia","raw_affiliation_strings":["Washington University in St. Louis","Washington University in St. Louis Hong"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Washington University in St. Louis","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I204465549"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Washington University in St. Louis Hong","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I204465549"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5011721682","display_name":"Yimei Yue","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1592-1529","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1592-1529"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I204465549","display_name":"Washington University in St. Louis","ror":"https://ror.org/01yc7t268","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I204465549"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yimei Yue","raw_affiliation_strings":["Washington University in St. Louis","Washington University in St. Louis Hong"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Washington University in St. Louis","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I204465549"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Washington University in St. Louis Hong","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I204465549"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5031146709","display_name":"Hong Chen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1904-0857","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1904-0857"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I204465549","display_name":"Washington University in St. Louis","ror":"https://ror.org/01yc7t268","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I204465549"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hong Chen","raw_affiliation_strings":["Washington University in St. Louis"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Washington University in St. Louis","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I204465549"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I204465549"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10958","display_name":"Ultrasound and Hyperthermia Applications","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2204","display_name":"Biomedical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10958","display_name":"Ultrasound and Hyperthermia Applications","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2204","display_name":"Biomedical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11872","display_name":"Barrier Structure and Function Studies","score":0.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2808","display_name":"Neurology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12015","display_name":"Photoacoustic and Ultrasonic Imaging","score":0.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2204","display_name":"Biomedical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/blood-brain-barrier-opening","display_name":"blood-brain barrier opening","score":0.9890000224113464},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/focused-ultrasound","display_name":"focused ultrasound","score":0.9929999709129333},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/microbubbles","display_name":"microbubbles","score":0.9819999933242798},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/passive-cavitation-detection","display_name":"passive cavitation detection","score":0.8899999856948853},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/closed-loop-feedback-control","display_name":"closed-loop feedback control","score":0.984000027179718},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pig-model","display_name":"porcine model","score":0.8410000205039978},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/blood-brain-barrier-permeability","display_name":"blood-brain barrier permeability","score":0.953000009059906}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C104628117","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3964828","display_name":"Sonication","level":2,"score":0.8910254240036011},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C64012434","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6839290","display_name":"Microbubbles","level":3,"score":0.8704179525375366},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C207057113","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q201666","display_name":"Cavitation","level":2,"score":0.7594418525695801},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C143753070","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q162564","display_name":"Ultrasound","level":2,"score":0.6693392992019653},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2985948822","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q564897","display_name":"Focused ultrasound","level":3,"score":0.5937415361404419},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136229726","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q327092","display_name":"Biomedical engineering","level":1,"score":0.5668251514434814},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C207001950","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q141124","display_name":"In vivo","level":2,"score":0.5022356510162354},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779727089","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q564875","display_name":"Therapeutic ultrasound","level":3,"score":0.4703809320926666},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778402981","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q221694","display_name":"Blood\u2013brain barrier","level":3,"score":0.4501610994338989},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192562407","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228736","display_name":"Materials science","level":0,"score":0.385888010263443},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.22850936651229858},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126838900","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q77604","display_name":"Radiology","level":1,"score":0.12629729509353638},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24890656","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q82811","display_name":"Acoustics","level":1,"score":0.09423467516899109},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.08780020475387573},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C529278444","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q47273","display_name":"Central nervous system","level":2,"score":0.08202418684959412},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134018914","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q162606","display_name":"Endocrinology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C150903083","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7108","display_name":"Biotechnology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.21203/rs.3.rs-1848129/v1","doi":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-1848129/v1","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-1848129/v1","pdf_url":"https://www.researchsquare.com/article/rs-1848129/latest.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525896","display_name":"Research Square","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"acceptedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Research Square","raw_type":"posted-content"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.21203/rs.3.rs-1848129/v1","doi":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-1848129/v1","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-1848129/v1","pdf_url":"https://www.researchsquare.com/article/rs-1848129/latest.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525896","display_name":"Research Square","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"acceptedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Research Square","raw_type":"posted-content"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.9391000270843506,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","display_name":"Good health and well-being"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7459453270","display_name":"FOCUS: FUNCTIONAL OPTICAL IMAGING FEEDBACK-CONTROLLED CELLULAR-LEVEL ULTRASOUND STIMULATION","funder_award_id":"R01MH116981","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337346","funder_display_name":"National Institute of Mental Health"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G9000887256","display_name":"Focused ultrasound-enabled brain tumor liquid biopsy","funder_award_id":"R01EB030102","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337363","funder_display_name":"National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G9000914173","display_name":"Focused ultrasound-mediated intranasal brain drug delivery technique (FUSIN)","funder_award_id":"R01EB027223","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337363","funder_display_name":"National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320309650","display_name":"Washington University in St. Louis","ror":"https://ror.org/01yc7t268"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332161","display_name":"National Institutes of Health","ror":"https://ror.org/01cwqze88"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337346","display_name":"National Institute of Mental Health","ror":"https://ror.org/04xeg9z08"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337363","display_name":"National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering","ror":"https://ror.org/00372qc85"}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4286697640.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4286697640.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":36,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1931046526","https://openalex.org/W1983771172","https://openalex.org/W1988950556","https://openalex.org/W2015112725","https://openalex.org/W2057946028","https://openalex.org/W2071197145","https://openalex.org/W2079022594","https://openalex.org/W2131875975","https://openalex.org/W2141964733","https://openalex.org/W2154091330","https://openalex.org/W2154096369","https://openalex.org/W2156869178","https://openalex.org/W2166980283","https://openalex.org/W2462582760","https://openalex.org/W2768295381","https://openalex.org/W2791318590","https://openalex.org/W2801186762","https://openalex.org/W2803156670","https://openalex.org/W2805332746","https://openalex.org/W2807207060","https://openalex.org/W2887165190","https://openalex.org/W2905931961","https://openalex.org/W2921121152","https://openalex.org/W2961801754","https://openalex.org/W2969684439","https://openalex.org/W2972574226","https://openalex.org/W2976433890","https://openalex.org/W2997398461","https://openalex.org/W3021349954","https://openalex.org/W3036473889","https://openalex.org/W3084799131","https://openalex.org/W3092195828","https://openalex.org/W3126434346","https://openalex.org/W3127037572","https://openalex.org/W3165573495","https://openalex.org/W4225003820"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4297327361","https://openalex.org/W4225003820","https://openalex.org/W2905931961","https://openalex.org/W3215669634","https://openalex.org/W2770849222","https://openalex.org/W2791318590","https://openalex.org/W4382199085","https://openalex.org/W2094621092","https://openalex.org/W2952326797","https://openalex.org/W4310215142"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Abstract":[0],"Focused":[1],"ultrasound":[2],"(FUS)":[3],"in":[4,59,80,147,184],"combination":[5],"with":[6,164,192],"microbubbles":[7,86],"has":[8],"been":[9],"established":[10],"as":[11,170],"a":[12,60,77,88,185],"promising":[13],"technique":[14],"for":[15,55,71,103],"noninvasive":[16],"and":[17,158,179],"localized":[18],"blood-brain":[19],"barrier":[20],"(BBB)":[21],"opening.":[22,95],"Real-time":[23],"passive":[24],"cavitation":[25,67,98,110,125],"detection":[26],"(PCD)-based":[27],"feedback":[28,53,120,195],"control":[29,196],"of":[30,49,64,83,197],"the":[31,47,65,81,108,124,128,139,165,171,198],"FUS":[32,57,78,112,131,199],"sonication":[33,58,79],"is":[34],"critical":[35],"to":[36,122,137],"ensure":[37],"effective":[38,159,178],"BBB":[39,94,140,160,166,182],"opening":[40,161,167,183],"without":[41,92],"causing":[42],"hemorrhage.":[43],"This":[44,174],"study":[45,175],"evaluated":[46],"performance":[48],"an":[50],"individualized":[51,193],"closed-loop":[52,194],"controller":[54,121],"controlling":[56],"porcine":[61],"model.":[62],"Calibration":[63],"baseline":[66,109],"level":[68,99,126],"was":[69,101,114,135,144,162],"performed":[70,116,136,145],"each":[72,104],"targeted":[73],"brain":[74],"location":[75],"by":[76,146,152],"presence":[82],"intravenously":[84],"injected":[85],"at":[87,127],"low":[89],"acoustic":[90],"pressure":[91],"inducing":[93],"The":[96],"target":[97,105],"(TCL)":[100],"defined":[102],"based":[106],"on":[107],"level.":[111],"treatment":[113],"then":[115],"under":[117],"real-time":[118],"PCD-based":[119],"maintain":[123],"TCL.":[129],"After":[130],"treatment,":[132],"contrast-enhanced":[133],"MRI":[134,149],"evaluate":[138],"permeability.":[141],"Safety":[142],"evaluation":[143],"vivo":[148,154],"imaging":[150],"followed":[151],"ex":[153],"histological":[155],"staining.":[156],"Safe":[157],"achieved":[163,191],"volume":[168],"increased":[169],"TCL":[172],"increased.":[173],"validated":[176],"that":[177],"safe":[180],"FUS-induced":[181],"large":[186],"animal":[187],"model":[188],"can":[189],"be":[190],"sonication.":[200]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-10-16T09:59:22.235173","created_date":"2022-07-23T00:00:00"}