{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4286559783","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1136/military-2022-002122","title":"Return to flying duties of German military pilots after recovery from COVID-19","display_name":"Return to flying duties of German military pilots after recovery from COVID-19","publication_year":2022,"publication_date":"2022-07-22","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4286559783","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1136/military-2022-002122","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35868711"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1136/military-2022-002122","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1136/military-2022-002122","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1136/military-2022-002122","pdf_url":"https://militaryhealth.bmj.com/content/jramc/early/2022/07/22/military-2022-002122.full.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210236759","display_name":"BMJ Military Health","issn_l":"2633-3767","issn":["2633-3767","2633-3775"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","dongbi-b","doyens","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","poland-20","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319945","host_organization_name":"BMJ","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319945"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["BMJ"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"BMJ Military Health","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"bronze","oa_url":"https://militaryhealth.bmj.com/content/jramc/early/2022/07/22/military-2022-002122.full.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Tim Adam","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210089612","display_name":"United States Air Force","ror":"https://ror.org/006gmme17","country_code":"US","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1330347796","https://openalex.org/I4210089612","https://openalex.org/I4210102105"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Tim Adam","raw_affiliation_strings":["Internal Medicine, Air Force Centre of Aerospace Medicine, Fuerstenfeldbruck, Germany","Air Force Centre of Aerospace Medicine","Internal Medicine"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Internal Medicine, Air Force Centre of Aerospace Medicine, Fuerstenfeldbruck, Germany","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Air Force Centre of Aerospace Medicine","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210089612"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Internal Medicine","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5089863301","display_name":"Stefan Sammito","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5605-1040","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5605-1040"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210089612","display_name":"United States Air Force","ror":"https://ror.org/006gmme17","country_code":"US","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1330347796","https://openalex.org/I4210089612","https://openalex.org/I4210102105"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I95793202","display_name":"Otto-von-Guericke-Universit\u00e4t Magdeburg","ror":"https://ror.org/00ggpsq73","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I95793202"]}],"countries":["DE","US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"S Sammito","raw_affiliation_strings":["Experimental Aerospace Medicine Research, Air Force Centre of Aerospace Medicine, Cologne, Germany","Occupational Medicine, Otto von Guericke University Medical Faculty, Magdeburg, Germany","Air Force Centre of Aerospace Medicine","Experimental Aerospace Medicine Research","Occupational Medicine","Otto von Guericke University Medical Faculty"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Experimental Aerospace Medicine Research, Air Force Centre of Aerospace Medicine, Cologne, Germany","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Occupational Medicine, Otto von Guericke University Medical Faculty, Magdeburg, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I95793202"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Air Force Centre of Aerospace Medicine","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210089612"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Experimental Aerospace Medicine Research","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Occupational Medicine","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Otto von Guericke University Medical Faculty","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I95793202"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5062631789","display_name":"Edward David Nicol","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9280-787X","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9280-787X"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210096640","display_name":"Royal Brompton Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/00cv4n034","country_code":"GB","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2800036501","https://openalex.org/I4210096640"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"E Nicol","raw_affiliation_strings":["Cardiology, Royal Brompton Hospital, London, UK","Clinical Aviation Medicine Service, RAF, Birmingham, UK","Cardiology","Clinical Aviation Medicine Service","RAF","Royal Brompton Hospital"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Cardiology, Royal Brompton Hospital, London, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210096640"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Clinical Aviation Medicine Service, RAF, Birmingham, UK","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Cardiology","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Clinical Aviation Medicine Service","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"RAF","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Royal Brompton Hospital","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210096640"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5032108276","display_name":"Norbert J Guettler","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5328-0315","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5328-0315"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I200763008","display_name":"Justus-Liebig-Universit\u00e4t Gie\u00dfen","ror":"https://ror.org/033eqas34","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I200763008"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210089612","display_name":"United States Air Force","ror":"https://ror.org/006gmme17","country_code":"US","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1330347796","https://openalex.org/I4210089612","https://openalex.org/I4210102105"]}],"countries":["DE","US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"N J Guettler","raw_affiliation_strings":["Cardiology, Justus Liebig University, University Hospital Giessen, Medical Clinic, Giessen, Germany","Internal Medicine, Air Force Centre of Aerospace Medicine, Fuerstenfeldbruck, Germany","Air Force Centre of Aerospace Medicine","Cardiology","Internal Medicine","Justus Liebig University, University Hospital Giessen, Medical Clinic"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5328-0315","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Cardiology, Justus Liebig University, University Hospital Giessen, Medical Clinic, Giessen, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I200763008"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Internal Medicine, Air Force Centre of Aerospace Medicine, Fuerstenfeldbruck, Germany","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Air Force Centre of Aerospace Medicine","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210089612"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Cardiology","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Internal Medicine","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Justus Liebig University, University Hospital Giessen, Medical Clinic","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I200763008"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":3,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5032108276"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I200763008","https://openalex.org/I4210089612"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.4159,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":3,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.57522288,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":88,"max":93},"biblio":{"volume":"170","issue":"2","first_page":"130","last_page":"134"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11368","display_name":"Long-Term Effects of COVID-19","score":0.5913000106811523,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2728","display_name":"Clinical Neurology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11368","display_name":"Long-Term Effects of COVID-19","score":0.5913000106811523,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2728","display_name":"Clinical Neurology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10041","display_name":"COVID-19 Clinical Research Studies","score":0.3833000063896179,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2725","display_name":"Infectious Diseases"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12138","display_name":"Occupational Health and Performance","score":0.0038999998942017555,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2739","display_name":"Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/covid-19","display_name":"COVID-19 pandemic","score":0.968999981880188},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/military-pilots","display_name":"military pilots","score":0.9750000238418579},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/return-to-duty","display_name":"return to duty","score":0.8119999766349792},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/long-covid","display_name":"long COVID","score":0.8669999837875366},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hypobaric-hypoxia","display_name":"hypobaric hypoxia","score":0.8009999990463257},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pilot-candidates","display_name":"pilot candidates","score":0.5220000147819519},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/luftwaffe","display_name":"Luftwaffe","score":0.621999979019165},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/covid-19-vaccination-status","display_name":"COVID-19 vaccination status","score":0.6489999890327454},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/comorbidity","display_name":"comorbidities","score":0.5759999752044678},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/covid-19-symptoms","display_name":"COVID-19 symptoms","score":0.6740000247955322}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.6989763975143433},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C6439246","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3332475","display_name":"Aviation medicine","level":2,"score":0.6882036924362183},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154775046","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188","display_name":"German","level":2,"score":0.4754469096660614},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C1862650","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q186005","display_name":"Physical therapy","level":1,"score":0.4586188793182373},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C194828623","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2861470","display_name":"Emergency medicine","level":1,"score":0.40712806582450867},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C95457728","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q309","display_name":"History","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C166957645","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q23498","display_name":"Archaeology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142724271","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7208","display_name":"Pathology","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1136/military-2022-002122","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1136/military-2022-002122","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1136/military-2022-002122","pdf_url":"https://militaryhealth.bmj.com/content/jramc/early/2022/07/22/military-2022-002122.full.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210236759","display_name":"BMJ Military Health","issn_l":"2633-3767","issn":["2633-3767","2633-3775"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","dongbi-b","doyens","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","poland-20","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319945","host_organization_name":"BMJ","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319945"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["BMJ"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"BMJ Military Health","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:35868711","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35868711","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"BMJ military health","raw_type":"Journal Article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:open-archive.highwire.org:jramc:170/2/130","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://militaryhealth.bmj.com/cgi/content/short/170/2/130","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4406923041","display_name":"HighWire Press Open Archive","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"TEXT"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1136/military-2022-002122","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1136/military-2022-002122","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1136/military-2022-002122","pdf_url":"https://militaryhealth.bmj.com/content/jramc/early/2022/07/22/military-2022-002122.full.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210236759","display_name":"BMJ Military Health","issn_l":"2633-3767","issn":["2633-3767","2633-3775"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","dongbi-b","doyens","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","poland-20","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319945","host_organization_name":"BMJ","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319945"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["BMJ"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"BMJ Military Health","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","score":1.0,"display_name":"Good health and well-being"}],"study_designs":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/study-designs/observational-study","display_name":"Observational Study"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4286559783.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4286559783.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":10,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2900567193","https://openalex.org/W3045925312","https://openalex.org/W3088463325","https://openalex.org/W3119322361","https://openalex.org/W3154589438","https://openalex.org/W3164131478","https://openalex.org/W3193598686","https://openalex.org/W4210429338","https://openalex.org/W4213447455","https://openalex.org/W6809636655"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W3154589438","https://openalex.org/W3216196496","https://openalex.org/W4213447455","https://openalex.org/W4285823324","https://openalex.org/W3108518370","https://openalex.org/W7065252806","https://openalex.org/W4225875207","https://openalex.org/W4382181315","https://openalex.org/W4308861538","https://openalex.org/W7221493244"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"BACKGROUND:":[0],"Pilots":[1],"are":[2,20,87],"working":[3,188],"in":[4,28],"a":[5,100],"unique":[6],"and":[7,13,27,41,63,84,95,141,147,191,209,238],"exacting":[8],"environment":[9],"with":[10,23,31,44,99,116,176],"hypobaric":[11],"hypoxia":[12],"acceleration":[14],"forces.":[15],"In":[16],"military":[17,39],"flying,":[18],"missions":[19],"often":[21],"challenging":[22],"possible":[24],"combat":[25],"scenarios":[26],"remote":[29],"areas":[30],"impaired":[32,129],"infrastructure.":[33],"METHODS:":[34],"We":[35],"analysed":[36],"all":[37,50],"German":[38,68],"pilots":[40,91,94,112,164],"pilot":[42,97,154],"candidates":[43],"confirmed":[45],"SARS-CoV-2":[46,236],"infection,":[47],"who":[48],"have":[49],"been":[51],"evaluated":[52],"prior":[53,199],"to":[54,57,167,169,185,200,202,205],"their":[55,186,203],"return":[56,168,201],"flying":[58,171],"duties":[59,172,204],"between":[60],"April":[61],"2020":[62],"January":[64],"2022":[65],"by":[66],"the":[67,174,210,225,228,231,234,239],"Air":[69],"Force":[70],"Centre":[71],"of":[72,78,103,119,212,220,227,241],"Aerospace":[73],"Medicine.":[74],"Symptoms,":[75],"comorbidities,":[76,230],"scope":[77,219],"investigations,":[79],"examination":[80],"results,":[81],"vaccination":[82,232],"status":[83],"aeromedical":[85],"disposition":[86],"described.":[88],"RESULTS:":[89],"90":[90],"(82":[92],"active":[93],"8":[96],"candidates)":[98],"median":[101,117],"age":[102],"35":[104],"years":[105],"(IQR":[106],"15":[107],"years)":[108],"were":[109,165],"included.":[110],"78":[111],"(87%)":[113],"reported":[114],"symptoms,":[115],"duration":[118],"6":[120],"days.":[121],"Symptoms":[122],"included":[123],"influenza-like":[124],"symptoms":[125,208],"(70.0%),":[126],"headache":[127],"(45.6%),":[128],"physical":[130],"fitness":[131],"(37.8%),":[132],"anosmia/ageusia":[133],"(36.7%),":[134],"fever":[135],"(27.8%),":[136],"exertional":[137],"dyspnoea":[138,148],"(8.9%),":[139],"memory":[140],"concentration":[142],"disorders":[143],"(4.4%),":[144],"diarrhoea":[145],"(3.3%)":[146],"at":[149],"rest":[150],"(2.2%).":[151],"Only":[152],"one":[153],"(1.1%)":[155],"was":[156],"hospitalised,":[157],"two":[158],"(2.2%)":[159],"required":[160],"outpatient":[161],"treatment.":[162],"All":[163],"allowed":[166],"unrestricted":[170],"after":[173],"assessment,":[175],"eight":[177],"(8.9%)":[178],"reporting":[179],"ongoing":[180,207],"mild":[181],"symptoms.":[182],"CONCLUSION:":[183],"Due":[184],"demanding":[187],"environment,":[189],"pilots,":[190],"other":[192],"high-hazard":[193],"employees,":[194],"should":[195],"undergo":[196],"medical":[197],"evaluation":[198],"exclude":[206],"development":[211],"post-acute":[213],"COVID-19":[214],"or":[215],"post-COVID-19":[216],"syndrome.":[217],"The":[218],"examinations":[221],"may":[222],"depend":[223],"on":[224],"severity":[226],"disease,":[229],"status,":[233],"predominant":[235],"variant":[237],"type":[240],"aircraft":[242],"flown.":[243]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-11-04T10:54:05.112534","created_date":"2022-07-22T00:00:00"}