{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4286491799","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1080/13545701.2022.2084559","title":"The Contribution of Girls\u2019 Longer Hours in Unpaid Work to Gender Gaps in Early Adult Employment: Evidence from Ethiopia, India, Peru and Vietnam","display_name":"The Contribution of Girls\u2019 Longer Hours in Unpaid Work to Gender Gaps in Early Adult Employment: Evidence from Ethiopia, India, Peru and Vietnam","publication_year":2022,"publication_date":"2022-07-21","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4286491799","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1080/13545701.2022.2084559"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1080/13545701.2022.2084559","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1080/13545701.2022.2084559","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1080/13545701.2022.2084559","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S148397273","display_name":"Feminist Economics","issn_l":"1354-5701","issn":["1354-5701","1466-4372"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["abdc-a","anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","erih-plus","jufo-1","norway-1","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320547","host_organization_name":"Taylor & Francis","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320547","https://openalex.org/P4310320449"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Taylor & Francis","Informa"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Feminist Economics","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://ueaeprints.uea.ac.uk/id/eprint/82899/2/Accepted_Mnauscript.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5016199448","display_name":"Fiona Carmichael","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7932-2410","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7932-2410"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I79619799","display_name":"University of Birmingham","ror":"https://ror.org/03angcq70","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I79619799"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Fiona Carmichael","raw_affiliation_strings":["Birmingham Business School, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7932-2410","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Birmingham Business School, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I79619799"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5077166330","display_name":"Christian K. Darko","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1665-2594","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1665-2594"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I79619799","display_name":"University of Birmingham","ror":"https://ror.org/03angcq70","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I79619799"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Christian Darko","raw_affiliation_strings":["Birmingham Business School, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1665-2594","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Birmingham Business School, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I79619799"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5048206593","display_name":"Shireen Kanji","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3512-2596","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3512-2596"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I59433898","display_name":"Brunel University of London","ror":"https://ror.org/00dn4t376","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I124357947","https://openalex.org/I59433898"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Shireen Kanji","raw_affiliation_strings":["Brunel Business School, Brunel University London, Uxbridge, UK"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3512-2596","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Brunel Business School, Brunel University London, Uxbridge, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I59433898"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5015681155","display_name":"Nicholas V. Vasilakos","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3279-2885","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3279-2885"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1118541","display_name":"University of East Anglia","ror":"https://ror.org/026k5mg93","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1118541"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Nicholas Vasilakos","raw_affiliation_strings":["Business School, University of East Anglia, Norwich, UK"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3279-2885","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Business School, University of East Anglia, Norwich, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1118541"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5016199448"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I79619799"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":2.079,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":15,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.86913229,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"29","issue":"1","first_page":"1","last_page":"37"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11544","display_name":"Gender, Labor, and Family Dynamics","score":0.9735999703407288,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3318","display_name":"Gender Studies"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11544","display_name":"Gender, Labor, and Family Dynamics","score":0.9735999703407288,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3318","display_name":"Gender Studies"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10208","display_name":"Labor market dynamics and wage inequality","score":0.0203000009059906,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2002","display_name":"Economics and Econometrics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/20","display_name":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13989","display_name":"Labour Market and Migration","score":0.0026000000070780516,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3318","display_name":"Gender Studies"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/unpaid-domestic-work","display_name":"unpaid domestic work","score":0.8970000147819519},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/gender-pay-gap","display_name":"gender pay gap","score":0.7429999709129333},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/employment-participation","display_name":"employment participation","score":0.800000011920929},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/job-quality","display_name":"job quality","score":0.9430000185966492},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hourly-wages","display_name":"hourly wages","score":0.8069999814033508},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/scarring-effects","display_name":"scarring effects","score":0.8999999761581421},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/women-s-labor-market-outcomes","display_name":"women's labor market outcomes","score":0.6140000224113464},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ethiopia","display_name":"Ethiopia","score":0.5019999742507935},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/india","display_name":"India","score":0.9990000128746033},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/peru","display_name":"Peru","score":1.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/vietnam","display_name":"Vietnam","score":1.0}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779266529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7897274","display_name":"Unpaid work","level":3,"score":0.8716481924057007},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781426361","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5326940","display_name":"Earnings","level":2,"score":0.7738385200500488},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2986619947","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q30103150","display_name":"Gender gap","level":2,"score":0.6182345151901245},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C4249254","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3044431","display_name":"Demographic economics","level":1,"score":0.5741305947303772},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C18762648","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q42213","display_name":"Work (physics)","level":2,"score":0.5683063268661499},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777388388","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6821213","display_name":"Wage","level":2,"score":0.5445225238800049},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776019354","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7805494","display_name":"Time-use survey","level":3,"score":0.4900749921798706},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.4760325253009796},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C145236788","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q28161","display_name":"Labour economics","level":1,"score":0.47065821290016174},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3017757278","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q949973","display_name":"Paid work","level":3,"score":0.47040778398513794},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2911183331","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6821213","display_name":"Hourly wage","level":3,"score":0.4287397265434265},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3018898988","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q260732","display_name":"Working hours","level":2,"score":0.32492494583129883},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C78519656","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q101333","display_name":"Mechanical engineering","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121955636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4116214","display_name":"Accounting","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":6,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1080/13545701.2022.2084559","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1080/13545701.2022.2084559","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1080/13545701.2022.2084559","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S148397273","display_name":"Feminist Economics","issn_l":"1354-5701","issn":["1354-5701","1466-4372"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["abdc-a","anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","erih-plus","jufo-1","norway-1","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320547","host_organization_name":"Taylor & Francis","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320547","https://openalex.org/P4310320449"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Taylor & Francis","Informa"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Feminist Economics","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:ueaeprints.uea.ac.uk:82899","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://ueaeprints.uea.ac.uk/id/eprint/82899/1/2021_02_02_gender_paper_Title_page.docx","pdf_url":"https://ueaeprints.uea.ac.uk/id/eprint/82899/2/Accepted_Mnauscript.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400384","display_name":"UEA Digital Repository (University of East Anglia)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1118541","host_organization_name":"University of East Anglia","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1118541"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:RePEc:taf:femeco:v:29:y:2023:i:1:p:1-37","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/13545701.2022.2084559","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401271","display_name":"RePEc: Research Papers in Economics","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I77793887","host_organization_name":"Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I77793887"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:bura.brunel.ac.uk:2438/24953","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://bura.brunel.ac.uk/handle/2438/24953","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401473","display_name":"Brunel University Research Archive (BURA) (Brunel University London)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I59433898","host_organization_name":"Brunel University of London","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I59433898"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-nc","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pure.atira.dk:openaire_cris_publications/ca88fae6-79e0-4f5f-bdcb-c9ba1da10b6a","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://research.birmingham.ac.uk/en/publications/ca88fae6-79e0-4f5f-bdcb-c9ba1da10b6a","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402634","display_name":"University of Birmingham Research Portal (University of Birmingham)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I79619799","host_organization_name":"University of Birmingham","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I79619799"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Carmichael, F, Darko, C, Kanji, S & Vasilakos, N 2022, 'The contribution of girls' longer hours in unpaid work to gender gaps in early adult employment : evidence from Ethiopia, India, Peru and Vietnam', Feminist Economics, vol. 2022, pp. 1-38. https://doi.org/10.1080/13545701.2022.2084559","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pure.atira.dk:publications/ca88fae6-79e0-4f5f-bdcb-c9ba1da10b6a","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://birmingham.elsevierpure.com/en/publications/ca88fae6-79e0-4f5f-bdcb-c9ba1da10b6a","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402634","display_name":"University of Birmingham Research Portal (University of Birmingham)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I79619799","host_organization_name":"University of Birmingham","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I79619799"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Carmichael , F , Darko , C , Kanji , S & Vasilakos , N 2022 , ' The contribution of girls' longer hours in unpaid work to gender gaps in early adult employment : evidence from Ethiopia, India, Peru and Vietnam ' , Feminist Economics , vol. 2022 , pp. 1-38 . https://doi.org/10.1080/13545701.2022.2084559","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:ueaeprints.uea.ac.uk:82899","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://ueaeprints.uea.ac.uk/id/eprint/82899/1/2021_02_02_gender_paper_Title_page.docx","pdf_url":"https://ueaeprints.uea.ac.uk/id/eprint/82899/2/Accepted_Mnauscript.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400384","display_name":"UEA Digital Repository (University of East Anglia)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1118541","host_organization_name":"University of East Anglia","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1118541"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":1.0,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/5","display_name":"Gender equality"},{"score":1.0,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/8","display_name":"Decent work and economic growth"},{"score":0.9629999995231628,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/10","display_name":"Reduced inequalities"},{"score":0.8928999900817871,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/1","display_name":"No poverty"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4286491799.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4286491799.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":38,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1515335403","https://openalex.org/W1977026989","https://openalex.org/W1983438228","https://openalex.org/W1989838897","https://openalex.org/W2042005398","https://openalex.org/W2049338437","https://openalex.org/W2049350168","https://openalex.org/W2066017179","https://openalex.org/W2101264922","https://openalex.org/W2112916054","https://openalex.org/W2122676686","https://openalex.org/W2125826975","https://openalex.org/W2130985606","https://openalex.org/W2135958067","https://openalex.org/W2156523439","https://openalex.org/W2165515964","https://openalex.org/W2188313221","https://openalex.org/W2240610192","https://openalex.org/W2267179074","https://openalex.org/W2273288540","https://openalex.org/W2334877514","https://openalex.org/W2344698090","https://openalex.org/W2548967324","https://openalex.org/W2589509179","https://openalex.org/W2592036060","https://openalex.org/W2606408879","https://openalex.org/W2954663727","https://openalex.org/W2957331525","https://openalex.org/W3036654739","https://openalex.org/W3081456126","https://openalex.org/W3100941684","https://openalex.org/W3123015728","https://openalex.org/W3124315294","https://openalex.org/W3126088874","https://openalex.org/W3146501798","https://openalex.org/W3171729327","https://openalex.org/W4210978690","https://openalex.org/W4250264309"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W7219406453","https://openalex.org/W7203822148","https://openalex.org/W4225685927","https://openalex.org/W2171364849","https://openalex.org/W7221705766","https://openalex.org/W7144218985","https://openalex.org/W2185992552","https://openalex.org/W2608170163","https://openalex.org/W3169462261","https://openalex.org/W2084082483"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Across":[0],"many":[1],"countries,":[2],"girls":[3,19],"perform":[4],"more":[5],"unpaid":[6,22,67,138],"work":[7,24,69,117,125],"than":[8,127],"boys.":[9],"This":[10],"article":[11],"shows":[12],"how":[13],"the":[14,27,52,106],"time":[15],"young":[16,111],"women":[17,132],"and":[18,46,61,97],"spend":[20],"in":[21,66,70,82],"household":[23,68,116],"contributes":[25],"to":[26,120],"gender":[28,107],"pay":[29],"gap":[30,109],"that":[31],"is":[32,88,118],"already":[33],"evident":[34],"by":[35],"age":[36],"22.":[37],"The":[38],"study":[39],"analyzes":[40],"employment":[41,75],"participation,":[42],"type":[43],"of":[44,51,105,123,137],"employment,":[45],"wages":[47],"using":[48],"five":[49],"waves":[50],"Young":[53],"Lives":[54],"longitudinal":[55],"survey":[56],"for":[57,101,114,131,133],"Ethiopia,":[58],"India,":[59],"Peru,":[60],"Vietnam.":[62],"Spending":[63],"longer":[64,121],"hours":[65,122],"adolescence":[71],"positively":[72],"predicts":[73],"later":[74],"participation":[76],"but":[77],"has":[78],"a":[79,89,92,128,134],"scarring":[80],"effect":[81],"negatively":[83],"predicting":[84],"job":[85,90],"quality":[86],"(that":[87],"with":[91],"private":[93],"or":[94],"public":[95],"organization)":[96],"hourly":[98],"earnings,":[99],"particularly":[100],"women.":[102],"Blinder\u2013Oaxaca":[103],"decompositions":[104],"wage":[108],"show":[110],"women\u2019s":[112],"penalty":[113,130],"past":[115],"due":[119],"such":[124],"rather":[126],"higher":[129],"given":[135],"amount":[136],"work.":[139]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-11-03T10:50:19.383937","created_date":"2022-07-22T00:00:00"}
