{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4285985872","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1097/wco.0000000000001080","title":"Historical development and contemporary use of neuromodulation in human spinal cord injury","display_name":"Historical development and contemporary use of neuromodulation in human spinal cord injury","publication_year":2022,"publication_date":"2022-07-20","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4285985872","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1097/wco.0000000000001080","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35856918"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1097/wco.0000000000001080","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1097/wco.0000000000001080","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1097/wco.0000000000001080","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S177945262","display_name":"Current Opinion in Neurology","issn_l":"1350-7540","issn":["1350-7540","1473-6551"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","dongbi-d","doyens","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","poland-100","russia-white-list-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310315671","host_organization_name":"Lippincott Williams & Wilkins","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310315671","https://openalex.org/P4310318547"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Lippincott Williams & Wilkins","Wolters Kluwer"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Current Opinion in Neurology","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"review","indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5014886426","display_name":"Susan J. Harkema","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4859-5296","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4859-5296"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I142740786","display_name":"University of Louisville","ror":"https://ror.org/01ckdn478","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I142740786"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Susan Harkema","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Louisville","Frazier Rehabilitation Institute, University of Louisville Health","Kentucky Spinal Cord Injury Research Center, University of Louisville","to Susan Harkema, PhD, 220 Abraham Flexner Way, Louisville, KY 40202, USA. Tel: +1 502 581 8747"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Louisville","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I142740786"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Frazier Rehabilitation Institute, University of Louisville Health","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I142740786"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Kentucky Spinal Cord Injury Research Center, University of Louisville","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I142740786"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"to Susan Harkema, PhD, 220 Abraham Flexner Way, Louisville, KY 40202, USA. Tel: +1 502 581 8747","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5061019102","display_name":"Claudia Angeli","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4127-7121","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4127-7121"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I142740786","display_name":"University of Louisville","ror":"https://ror.org/01ckdn478","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I142740786"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Claudia Angeli","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Bioengineering","Frazier Rehabilitation Institute, University of Louisville Health","Kentucky Spinal Cord Injury Research Center, University of Louisville"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Bioengineering","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Frazier Rehabilitation Institute, University of Louisville Health","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I142740786"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Kentucky Spinal Cord Injury Research Center, University of Louisville","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I142740786"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5005334673","display_name":"Yury Gerasimenko","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9345-3791","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9345-3791"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I142740786","display_name":"University of Louisville","ror":"https://ror.org/01ckdn478","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I142740786"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210112287","display_name":"Pavlov Institute of Physiology of the Russian Academy of Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/022rrvm68","country_code":"RU","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1313323035","https://openalex.org/I4210112287","https://openalex.org/I4210115279"]}],"countries":["RU","US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yury Gerasimenko","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Physiology, University of Louisville, Louisville, Kentucky, USA","Kentucky Spinal Cord Injury Research Center, University of Louisville","Pavlov Institute of Physiology, St. Petersburg, Russia","Kentucky"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Physiology, University of Louisville, Louisville, Kentucky, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I142740786"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Kentucky Spinal Cord Injury Research Center, University of Louisville","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I142740786"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Pavlov Institute of Physiology, St. Petersburg, Russia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210112287"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Kentucky","institution_ids":[]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5014886426"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I142740786"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.6183,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":17,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.53629433,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":96,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"35","issue":"4","first_page":"536","last_page":"543"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10925","display_name":"Spinal Cord Injury Research","score":0.9990000128746033,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2734","display_name":"Pathology and Forensic Medicine"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10925","display_name":"Spinal Cord Injury Research","score":0.9990000128746033,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2734","display_name":"Pathology and Forensic Medicine"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11840","display_name":"Pain Management and Treatment","score":9.999999747378752e-05,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2703","display_name":"Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11601","display_name":"Neuroscience and Neural Engineering","score":9.999999747378752e-05,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2804","display_name":"Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/spinal-cord-injury","display_name":"spinal cord injury","score":0.9629999995231628},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/neuromodulation","display_name":"neuromodulation","score":0.9750000238418579},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/epidural-stimulation","display_name":"epidural stimulation","score":0.8090000152587891},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/motor-recovery","display_name":"motor recovery","score":0.6449999809265137},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bladder-function","display_name":"bladder function","score":0.6389999985694885},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cardiovascular-function","display_name":"cardiovascular function","score":0.7369999885559082},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sensory-feedback","display_name":"sensory feedback","score":0.734000027179718},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/task-oriented-training","display_name":"task-oriented training","score":0.7379999756813049},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/voluntary-motor-control","display_name":"voluntary motor control","score":0.7279999852180481}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780375056","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q905905","display_name":"Neuromodulation","level":3,"score":0.9242623448371887},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778334475","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1415275","display_name":"Spinal cord injury","level":3,"score":0.8189377784729004},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.6825425028800964},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C169760540","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207011","display_name":"Neuroscience","level":1,"score":0.640680193901062},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780775167","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9606","display_name":"Spinal cord","level":2,"score":0.5895411968231201},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C99508421","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2678675","display_name":"Physical medicine and rehabilitation","level":1,"score":0.42452242970466614},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24998067","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4114622","display_name":"Stimulation","level":2,"score":0.2751923203468323},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.25071871280670166}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D004824","descriptor_name":"Epidural Space","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D011788","descriptor_name":"Quality of Life","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D013116","descriptor_name":"Spinal Cord","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D013119","descriptor_name":"Spinal Cord Injuries","qualifier_ui":"Q000628","qualifier_name":"therapy","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D062187","descriptor_name":"Spinal Cord Stimulation","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true}],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1097/wco.0000000000001080","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1097/wco.0000000000001080","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1097/wco.0000000000001080","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S177945262","display_name":"Current Opinion in Neurology","issn_l":"1350-7540","issn":["1350-7540","1473-6551"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","dongbi-d","doyens","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","poland-100","russia-white-list-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310315671","host_organization_name":"Lippincott Williams & Wilkins","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310315671","https://openalex.org/P4310318547"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Lippincott Williams & Wilkins","Wolters Kluwer"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Current Opinion in Neurology","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:35856918","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35856918","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Current opinion in neurology","raw_type":"Journal Article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","display_name":"Good health and well-being","score":0.9763000011444092}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":58,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W92631520","https://openalex.org/W1563054307","https://openalex.org/W1872061170","https://openalex.org/W1899736877","https://openalex.org/W1963614830","https://openalex.org/W1964234300","https://openalex.org/W1977112919","https://openalex.org/W2006905403","https://openalex.org/W2014779151","https://openalex.org/W2016095873","https://openalex.org/W2025631428","https://openalex.org/W2040660155","https://openalex.org/W2059300393","https://openalex.org/W2071894771","https://openalex.org/W2094441654","https://openalex.org/W2094807437","https://openalex.org/W2104105197","https://openalex.org/W2117553976","https://openalex.org/W2120815846","https://openalex.org/W2120995836","https://openalex.org/W2133149447","https://openalex.org/W2140210884","https://openalex.org/W2142004558","https://openalex.org/W2148081164","https://openalex.org/W2297923510","https://openalex.org/W2412239247","https://openalex.org/W2529365102","https://openalex.org/W2604538648","https://openalex.org/W2762911039","https://openalex.org/W2791808870","https://openalex.org/W2792288209","https://openalex.org/W2794253699","https://openalex.org/W2794274628","https://openalex.org/W2803580757","https://openalex.org/W2805768782","https://openalex.org/W2890225247","https://openalex.org/W2891480663","https://openalex.org/W2891555255","https://openalex.org/W2892074957","https://openalex.org/W2898429451","https://openalex.org/W2898777639","https://openalex.org/W2905848137","https://openalex.org/W2913762349","https://openalex.org/W2979401200","https://openalex.org/W3024360423","https://openalex.org/W3038498107","https://openalex.org/W3047107643","https://openalex.org/W3092993042","https://openalex.org/W3094406514","https://openalex.org/W3101858323","https://openalex.org/W3108410822","https://openalex.org/W3114569343","https://openalex.org/W3118393079","https://openalex.org/W3123877743","https://openalex.org/W3124840795","https://openalex.org/W3125006218","https://openalex.org/W3180463892","https://openalex.org/W4296220478"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2337286097","https://openalex.org/W7209941772","https://openalex.org/W4320159830","https://openalex.org/W2890939903","https://openalex.org/W3036007810","https://openalex.org/W1972742555","https://openalex.org/W4285168308","https://openalex.org/W3126992642","https://openalex.org/W2785502315","https://openalex.org/W2270484149"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"PURPOSE":[0],"OF":[1],"REVIEW:":[2],"There":[3],"is":[4],"a":[5,168],"long":[6],"history":[7],"of":[8,10,21,36,76,88,108,121,130,161,177,188],"neuromodulation":[9,131],"the":[11,42,49,114,127,134,162,186],"spinal":[12,44,59,90,94,116,143,158,189],"cord":[13,60,144,159,190],"after":[14,71,141],"injury":[15,61,72,191],"in":[16,172],"humans":[17],"with":[18,58,156,185],"recent":[19],"momentum":[20],"studies":[22,38],"showing":[23],"evidence":[24],"for":[25,139,167,179,193],"therapeutic":[26],"potential.":[27],"Nonrandomized,":[28],"mechanistic,":[29],"hypothesis-driven,":[30],"small":[31],"cohort,":[32],"epidural":[33],"stimulation":[34],"proof":[35],"principle":[37],"provide":[39],"insight":[40],"into":[41],"human":[43,89,115],"circuitry":[45,91,117],"functionality":[46],"and":[47,66,84,123,152,175],"support":[48],"pathway":[50],"toward":[51],"clinical":[52],"treatments.":[53],"RECENT":[54],"FINDINGS:":[55],"Individuals":[56],"living":[57,184],"can":[62],"recover":[63],"motor,":[64],"cardiovascular,":[65],"bladder":[67],"function":[68,154],"even":[69,192],"years":[70],"using":[73],"neuromodulation.":[74],"Integration":[75],"continuous":[77],"feedback":[78],"from":[79],"sensory":[80],"information,":[81],"task-specific":[82],"training,":[83],"optimized":[85],"excitability":[86],"state":[87],"are":[92],"critical":[93],"mechanisms.":[95],"Neuromodulation":[96],"activates":[97],"previously":[98],"undetectable":[99],"residual":[100],"supraspinal":[101],"pathways":[102],"to":[103,132],"allow":[104],"intentional":[105],"(voluntary)":[106],"control":[107,120],"motor":[109,122,151],"movements.":[110],"Further":[111],"discovery":[112,148],"unveiled":[113],"integrated":[118],"regulatory":[119],"autonomic":[124,153],"systems":[125],"indicating":[126],"realistic":[128],"potential":[129],"improve":[133],"capacity":[135],"incrementally,":[136],"but":[137],"significantly":[138],"recovery":[140],"severe":[142],"injury.":[145],"SUMMARY:":[146],"The":[147],"that":[149],"both":[150],"recovers":[155],"lumbosacral":[157],"placement":[160],"electrode":[163],"reveals":[164],"exciting":[165],"avenues":[166],"synergistic":[169],"overall":[170],"improvement":[171],"function,":[173],"health,":[174],"quality":[176],"life":[178],"those":[180],"who":[181],"have":[182],"been":[183],"consequences":[187],"decades.":[194]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":6}],"updated_date":"2026-10-31T12:09:11.096373","created_date":"2022-07-20T00:00:00"}
