{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4285745238","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fpubh.2022.917563","title":"Maternal Levels of Cytokines in Early Pregnancy and Risk of Autism Spectrum Disorders in Offspring","display_name":"Maternal Levels of Cytokines in Early Pregnancy and Risk of Autism Spectrum Disorders in Offspring","publication_year":2022,"publication_date":"2022-05-31","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4285745238","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fpubh.2022.917563","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35712277","pmcid":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/9197505"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3389/fpubh.2022.917563","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fpubh.2022.917563","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fpubh.2022.917563","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2595931848","display_name":"Frontiers in Public Health","issn_l":"2296-2565","issn":["2296-2565"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","doaj","medline","norway-1","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320527","host_organization_name":"Frontiers Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320527"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Frontiers Media"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Frontiers in Public Health","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fpubh.2022.917563","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5045831978","display_name":"Martin Brynge","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7408-5674","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7408-5674"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I28166907","display_name":"Karolinska Institutet","ror":"https://ror.org/056d84691","country_code":"SE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I28166907"]}],"countries":["SE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Martin Brynge","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Global Public Health, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Global Public Health, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I28166907"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5004286063","display_name":"Renee M. Gardner","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7011-798X","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7011-798X"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I28166907","display_name":"Karolinska Institutet","ror":"https://ror.org/056d84691","country_code":"SE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I28166907"]}],"countries":["SE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Renee M. Gardner","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Global Public Health, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Global Public Health, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I28166907"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5063015618","display_name":"Hugo Sj\u00f6qvist","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4953-7725","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4953-7725"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I28166907","display_name":"Karolinska Institutet","ror":"https://ror.org/056d84691","country_code":"SE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I28166907"]}],"countries":["SE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hugo Sj\u00f6qvist","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Global Public Health, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Global Public Health, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I28166907"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5047653896","display_name":"Brian K. Lee","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3635-8034","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3635-8034"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I28166907","display_name":"Karolinska Institutet","ror":"https://ror.org/056d84691","country_code":"SE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I28166907"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I72816309","display_name":"Drexel University","ror":"https://ror.org/04bdffz58","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I72816309"]}],"countries":["SE","US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Brian K. Lee","raw_affiliation_strings":["A.J. Drexel Autism Institute, Philadelphia, PA, United States","Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Drexel University School of Public Health, Philadelphia, PA, United States","Department of Global Public Health, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"A.J. Drexel Autism Institute, Philadelphia, PA, United States","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Drexel University School of Public Health, Philadelphia, PA, United States","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I72816309"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Global Public Health, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I28166907"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5072336887","display_name":"Christina Dalman","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3579-2357","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3579-2357"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2801939835","display_name":"Region Stockholm","ror":"https://ror.org/02zrae794","country_code":"SE","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2801939835"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I28166907","display_name":"Karolinska Institutet","ror":"https://ror.org/056d84691","country_code":"SE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I28166907"]}],"countries":["SE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Christina Dalman","raw_affiliation_strings":["Centre for Epidemiology and Community Medicine, Region Stockholm, Stockholm, Sweden","Department of Global Public Health, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Centre for Epidemiology and Community Medicine, Region Stockholm, Stockholm, Sweden","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2801939835"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Global Public Health, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I28166907"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"H\u00e5kan Karlsson","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I28166907","display_name":"Karolinska Institutet","ror":"https://ror.org/056d84691","country_code":"SE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I28166907"]}],"countries":["SE"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"H\u00e5kan Karlsson","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I28166907"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I28166907"],"apc_list":{"value":2950,"currency":"USD","value_usd":2950},"apc_paid":{"value":2699,"currency":"EUR","value_usd":2910},"fwci":1.933,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":22,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.85392478,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":95,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"10","issue":null,"first_page":"917563","last_page":"917563"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10106","display_name":"Autism Spectrum Disorder Research","score":0.9940999746322632,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2805","display_name":"Cognitive Neuroscience"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10106","display_name":"Autism Spectrum Disorder Research","score":0.9940999746322632,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2805","display_name":"Cognitive Neuroscience"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11337","display_name":"Tryptophan and brain disorders","score":0.0032999999821186066,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2803","display_name":"Biological Psychiatry"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11510","display_name":"Reproductive System and Pregnancy","score":0.00019999999494757503,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2403","display_name":"Immunology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/24","display_name":"Immunology and Microbiology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/autism-spectrum-disorder","display_name":"autism spectrum disorder","score":0.9259999990463257},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/maternal-cytokines","display_name":"maternal cytokines","score":0.9980000257492065},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/maternal-serum-markers","display_name":"maternal serum biomarkers","score":0.656000018119812},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/first-trimester","display_name":"first trimester","score":0.8650000095367432},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/maternal-immune-activation","display_name":"maternal immune activation","score":0.7749999761581421},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fetal-development","display_name":"fetal development","score":0.5839999914169312},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/intellectual-disability","display_name":"intellectual disability","score":0.9020000100135803},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/comorbid-adhd","display_name":"ADHD comorbidity","score":0.8730000257492065},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/interleukin-1beta","display_name":"IL-1\u03b2","score":0.7559999823570251},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/interleukin-7","display_name":"IL-7","score":0.8899999856948853},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/il-13","display_name":"IL-13","score":0.9850000143051147},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mcp-1","display_name":"MCP-1","score":0.8579999804496765},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/gm-csf","display_name":"GM-CSF","score":0.7900000214576721},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/tnf-alpha","display_name":"TNF-\u03b1","score":0.8479999899864197},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/asd-prediction","display_name":"ASD prediction","score":0.5849999785423279}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C156957248","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1862216","display_name":"Odds ratio","level":2,"score":0.6951028108596802},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.6540855765342712},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205778803","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q38404","display_name":"Autism","level":2,"score":0.6506777405738831},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C112672928","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q239526","display_name":"Offspring","level":3,"score":0.5748898983001709},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779234561","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11995","display_name":"Pregnancy","level":2,"score":0.570347011089325},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C137627325","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q156318","display_name":"Etiology","level":2,"score":0.5516770482063293},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778538070","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1436063","display_name":"Autism spectrum disorder","level":3,"score":0.5099261999130249},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C72563966","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1303415","display_name":"Cohort","level":2,"score":0.4917161762714386},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C188816634","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2113324","display_name":"Prospective cohort study","level":2,"score":0.47413870692253113},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C143095724","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q515895","display_name":"Odds","level":3,"score":0.45108091831207275},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C203014093","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q101929","display_name":"Immunology","level":1,"score":0.36300206184387207},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C187212893","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q123028","display_name":"Pediatrics","level":1,"score":0.33564722537994385},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126322002","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11180","display_name":"Internal medicine","level":1,"score":0.30195069313049316},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C118552586","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7867","display_name":"Psychiatry","level":1,"score":0.2023642361164093},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.09886914491653442},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C151956035","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1132755","display_name":"Logistic regression","level":2,"score":0.0965125560760498},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C54355233","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7162","display_name":"Genetics","level":1,"score":0.07878592610359192}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000067877","descriptor_name":"Autism Spectrum Disorder","qualifier_ui":"Q000453","qualifier_name":"epidemiology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D000293","descriptor_name":"Adolescent","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005260","descriptor_name":"Female","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008607","descriptor_name":"Intellectual Disability","qualifier_ui":"Q000150","qualifier_name":"complications","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D009035","descriptor_name":"Mothers","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D011247","descriptor_name":"Pregnancy","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D015331","descriptor_name":"Cohort Studies","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D015415","descriptor_name":"Biomarkers","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D016207","descriptor_name":"Cytokines","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false}],"locations_count":4,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3389/fpubh.2022.917563","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fpubh.2022.917563","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fpubh.2022.917563","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2595931848","display_name":"Frontiers in Public Health","issn_l":"2296-2565","issn":["2296-2565"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","doaj","medline","norway-1","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320527","host_organization_name":"Frontiers Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320527"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Frontiers Media"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Frontiers in Public Health","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:9197505","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/9197505","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Front Public Health","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmid:35712277","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35712277","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Frontiers in public health","raw_type":"Journal Article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:06b016d54e504fb4ae92ed36649d0716","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/06b016d54e504fb4ae92ed36649d0716","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Frontiers in Public Health, Vol 10 (2022)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3389/fpubh.2022.917563","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fpubh.2022.917563","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fpubh.2022.917563","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2595931848","display_name":"Frontiers in Public Health","issn_l":"2296-2565","issn":["2296-2565"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","doaj","medline","norway-1","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320527","host_organization_name":"Frontiers Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320527"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Frontiers Media"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Frontiers in Public Health","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":1.0,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","display_name":"Good health and well-being"}],"study_designs":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/study-designs/observational-study","display_name":"Observational Study"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G158726132","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"523\u20102010\u20101052","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322581","funder_display_name":"Vetenskapsr\u00e5det"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4451974425","display_name":"Early life inflammation and the risk of autism \u2013 a combined analysis of national registers and stored blood samples from matched pairs of mothers during pregnancy and their newborn children","funder_award_id":"2016-01477","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322581","funder_display_name":"Vetenskapsr\u00e5det"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8137979467","display_name":"The role of early life inflammation in the aethiology of autism spectrum disorder: a longitudinal study based on a combination of register and bio-sample data.","funder_award_id":"2012-02264","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322581","funder_display_name":"Vetenskapsr\u00e5det"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8646925878","display_name":"Maternal nutrition and offspring risk for autism, ADHD, and intellectual disability","funder_award_id":"2017-02900","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322581","funder_display_name":"Vetenskapsr\u00e5det"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306097","display_name":"Autism Speaks","ror":"https://ror.org/04bkad313"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320309530","display_name":"Stanley Medical Research Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/01pj5nn22"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322581","display_name":"Vetenskapsr\u00e5det","ror":"https://ror.org/03zttf063"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":52,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W273955616","https://openalex.org/W1902120875","https://openalex.org/W1981597830","https://openalex.org/W1998337942","https://openalex.org/W2013263136","https://openalex.org/W2020509383","https://openalex.org/W2035126508","https://openalex.org/W2043853723","https://openalex.org/W2049685220","https://openalex.org/W2056033349","https://openalex.org/W2070936810","https://openalex.org/W2083052241","https://openalex.org/W2084450750","https://openalex.org/W2085354045","https://openalex.org/W2089224748","https://openalex.org/W2095446576","https://openalex.org/W2100772265","https://openalex.org/W2137386978","https://openalex.org/W2143871914","https://openalex.org/W2153064836","https://openalex.org/W2154188802","https://openalex.org/W2154965665","https://openalex.org/W2163759450","https://openalex.org/W2207583083","https://openalex.org/W2317184793","https://openalex.org/W2337392459","https://openalex.org/W2398705534","https://openalex.org/W2400034422","https://openalex.org/W2515862236","https://openalex.org/W2525747862","https://openalex.org/W2534869317","https://openalex.org/W2890344556","https://openalex.org/W2901778140","https://openalex.org/W2906413783","https://openalex.org/W2914482125","https://openalex.org/W2918396709","https://openalex.org/W2924383394","https://openalex.org/W2943360197","https://openalex.org/W2946731554","https://openalex.org/W2989987020","https://openalex.org/W3048010365","https://openalex.org/W3083863216","https://openalex.org/W3093769196","https://openalex.org/W3112291276","https://openalex.org/W3165820841","https://openalex.org/W3196363993","https://openalex.org/W3207712663","https://openalex.org/W3215205139","https://openalex.org/W4225884846","https://openalex.org/W4230112647","https://openalex.org/W4254687493","https://openalex.org/W4389174438"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2398705534","https://openalex.org/W7220700758","https://openalex.org/W2137386978","https://openalex.org/W7170079274","https://openalex.org/W7019560011","https://openalex.org/W4281673471","https://openalex.org/W2120701088","https://openalex.org/W2901778140","https://openalex.org/W3165820841","https://openalex.org/W4319999735"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Previous":[0,36],"studies":[1,37],"indicate":[2],"a":[3,42,114,222],"role":[4],"of":[5,14,31,34,44,47,71,106,116,131,166,194,207,246,258,267],"immune":[6,49,272],"disturbances":[7,21],"during":[8,22,274],"early":[9,275],"development":[10,24],"in":[11,74],"the":[12,48,61,93,119,123,128,208],"etiology":[13],"autism":[15],"spectrum":[16],"disorders":[17],"(ASD).":[18],"Any":[19],"potential":[20],"fetal":[23],"are":[25],"best":[26],"addressed":[27],"by":[28,68],"prospective":[29],"evaluation":[30],"maternal":[32,40,64,77,107,210,247,251,271],"markers":[33,245,273],"inflammation.":[35],"have":[38],"investigated":[39],"cytokines,":[41],"group":[43],"powerful":[45],"effectors":[46],"system,":[50],"with":[51,163,168,191,196,214],"inconsistent":[52],"results.":[53],"In":[54,260],"this":[55],"study,":[56],"we":[57,99,112,233,262],"aimed":[58],"to":[59,83,88,237,249],"clarify":[60],"relationship":[62],"between":[63,104,270],"cytokines":[65,73,108,211,242],"and":[66,85,109,153,181,243,277],"ASD":[67,167,195,215],"evaluating":[69],"levels":[70,105],"17":[72],"first":[75],"trimester":[76],"serum":[78],"samples,":[79],"from":[80],"318":[81],"mothers":[82,87],"ASD-cases":[84],"429":[86],"ASD-unaffected":[89],"controls,":[90],"nested":[91],"within":[92],"register-based":[94,250],"Stockholm":[95],"Youth":[96],"Cohort.":[97],"Overall,":[98],"observed":[100,113],"no":[101,235,264],"consistent":[102],"associations":[103],"ASD.":[110,259,278],"While":[111],"number":[115],"individual":[117],"associations,":[118],"patterns":[120],"varied":[121],"across":[122],"diagnostic":[124],"sub-groups.":[125],"Levels":[126],"above":[127],"90th":[129],"percentile":[130],"IL-1\u03b2":[132],"(OR":[133,140,147,155,175,183],"=":[134,141,148,156,176,184],"2.31,":[135,185],"95%":[136,143,150,158,178,186],"CI":[137,144,151,159,179,187],"1.16-4.60),":[138],"IL-7":[139],"2.28,":[142],"1.20-4.33),":[145],"IL-13":[146],"2.42,":[149],"1.29-4.55),":[152],"MCP-1":[154],"2.09,":[157],"1.03-4.24)":[160],"were":[161,189,212],"associated":[162,190,213],"increased":[164,192],"odds":[165,193],"co-occurring":[169,217],"intellectual":[170],"disability":[171],"(ID),":[172],"whereas":[173],"GMCSF":[174],"2.06,":[177],"1.03-4.11)":[180],"TNF-\u03b1":[182],"1.18-4.50)":[188],"ADHD":[197],"but":[198],"none":[199,206],"survived":[200],"correction":[201],"for":[202],"multiple":[203],"comparisons.":[204],"Also,":[205],"measured":[209],"without":[216],"ID":[218],"or":[219],"ADHD.":[220],"Implementing":[221],"data-driven":[223],"approach":[224],"using":[225],"machine":[226],"learning":[227],"(Random":[228],"Forest's":[229],"Variable":[230],"Importance":[231],"measurement),":[232],"found":[234,263],"evidence":[236,266],"suggest":[238],"that":[239],"adding":[240],"these":[241],"other":[244],"immunity,":[248],"factors":[252],"(e.g.,":[253],"psychiatric":[254],"history)":[255],"improves":[256],"prediction":[257],"summary,":[261],"robust":[265],"an":[268],"association":[269],"pregnancy":[276]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2026-10-31T12:09:11.096373","created_date":"2022-07-18T00:00:00"}