{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4285740374","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyt.2022.914165","title":"The Association Between Antipsychotics and Weight Gain and the Potential Role of Metformin Concomitant Use: A Retrospective Cohort Study","display_name":"The Association Between Antipsychotics and Weight Gain and the Potential Role of Metformin Concomitant Use: A Retrospective Cohort Study","publication_year":2022,"publication_date":"2022-05-24","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4285740374","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyt.2022.914165","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35686187","pmcid":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/9170991"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3389/fpsyt.2022.914165","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyt.2022.914165","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyt.2022.914165","pdf_url":"https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fpsyt.2022.914165/pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S92766711","display_name":"Frontiers in Psychiatry","issn_l":"1664-0640","issn":["1664-0640"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","doaj","ki-jl-1","norway-1","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320527","host_organization_name":"Frontiers Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320527"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Frontiers Media"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Frontiers in Psychiatry","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref","doaj","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fpsyt.2022.914165/pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5006345050","display_name":"Alqassem Y. Hakami","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2477-1339","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2477-1339"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I185203018","display_name":"King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/0149jvn88","country_code":"SA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I185203018"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210095597","display_name":"King Abdullah International Medical Research Center","ror":"https://ror.org/009p8zv69","country_code":"SA","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210095597"]}],"countries":["SA"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Alqassem Y. Hakami","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Medicine, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia","King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Medicine, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I185203018"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210095597"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5000035943","display_name":"Razaz Abdulaziz Felemban","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0002-8792-7572","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0009-0002-8792-7572"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I185203018","display_name":"King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/0149jvn88","country_code":"SA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I185203018"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210095597","display_name":"King Abdullah International Medical Research Center","ror":"https://ror.org/009p8zv69","country_code":"SA","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210095597"]}],"countries":["SA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Razaz Felemban","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Medicine, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia","King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Medicine, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I185203018"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210095597"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5113969380","display_name":"Rami Ghazi Ahmad","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210095597","display_name":"King Abdullah International Medical Research Center","ror":"https://ror.org/009p8zv69","country_code":"SA","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210095597"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4517696","display_name":"National Guard Health Affairs","ror":"https://ror.org/02pecpe58","country_code":"SA","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4517696"]}],"countries":["SA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Rami Ghazi Ahmad","raw_affiliation_strings":["King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia","Psychiatry Section, Department of Medicine, Ministry of National Guard-Health Affairs, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210095597"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Psychiatry Section, Department of Medicine, Ministry of National Guard-Health Affairs, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4517696"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5000982042","display_name":"Abdulrahman Hamid Alsamadani","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I185203018","display_name":"King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/0149jvn88","country_code":"SA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I185203018"]}],"countries":["SA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Abdulrahman H. Al-Samadani","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Medicine, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Medicine, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I185203018"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5041843065","display_name":"Hassan K. Salamatullah","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0006-7860-4711","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0009-0006-7860-4711"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I185203018","display_name":"King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/0149jvn88","country_code":"SA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I185203018"]}],"countries":["SA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hassan K. Salamatullah","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Medicine, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Medicine, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I185203018"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5077013240","display_name":"Jamil M Baljoon","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0002-0501-325X","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0009-0002-0501-325X"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I185203018","display_name":"King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/0149jvn88","country_code":"SA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I185203018"]}],"countries":["SA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jamil M. Baljoon","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Medicine, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Medicine, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I185203018"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5002301539","display_name":"Loay J Alghamdi","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I185203018","display_name":"King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/0149jvn88","country_code":"SA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I185203018"]}],"countries":["SA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Loay J. Alghamdi","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Medicine, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Medicine, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I185203018"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5082571029","display_name":"Mostafa H. Ramadani Sindi","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I185203018","display_name":"King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/0149jvn88","country_code":"SA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I185203018"]}],"countries":["SA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mostafa H. Ramadani Sindi","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Medicine, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Medicine, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I185203018"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5068628214","display_name":"Mohamed Eldigire Ahmed","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0326-7926","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0326-7926"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I185203018","display_name":"King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/0149jvn88","country_code":"SA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I185203018"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210095597","display_name":"King Abdullah International Medical Research Center","ror":"https://ror.org/009p8zv69","country_code":"SA","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210095597"]}],"countries":["SA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mohamed Eldigire Ahmed","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Science and Health Professions, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia","King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Science and Health Professions, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I185203018"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210095597"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5006345050"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I185203018","https://openalex.org/I4210095597"],"apc_list":{"value":2950,"currency":"USD","value_usd":2950},"apc_paid":{"value":2950,"currency":"USD","value_usd":2950},"fwci":2.4561,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":20,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.89467023,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":93,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"13","issue":null,"first_page":"914165","last_page":"914165"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10023","display_name":"Schizophrenia research and treatment","score":0.98580002784729,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2738","display_name":"Psychiatry and Mental health"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10023","display_name":"Schizophrenia research and treatment","score":0.98580002784729,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2738","display_name":"Psychiatry and Mental health"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12539","display_name":"Pharmacology and Obesity Treatment","score":0.011699999682605267,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2736","display_name":"Pharmacology (medical)"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10263","display_name":"Eating Disorders and Behaviors","score":0.0003000000142492354,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3203","display_name":"Clinical Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/antipsychotic-induced-weight-gain","display_name":"antipsychotic-induced weight gain","score":0.921999990940094},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/metformin","display_name":"metformin","score":0.9829999804496765},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/antipsychotic-drugs","display_name":"antipsychotic drugs","score":0.8460000157356262},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/weight-gain-prevention","display_name":"weight gain prevention","score":0.6069999933242798},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/obesity","display_name":"obesity","score":0.5419999957084656},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/psychiatric-outpatients","display_name":"psychiatric outpatients","score":0.5830000042915344},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/concomitant-drug-use","display_name":"concomitant drug use","score":0.7390000224113464},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/weight-change","display_name":"weight change","score":0.48899999260902405}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.7821513414382935},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780323712","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q19484","display_name":"Metformin","level":3,"score":0.7186287045478821},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780320433","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3403879","display_name":"Weight gain","level":3,"score":0.705470860004425},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C167135981","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2146302","display_name":"Retrospective cohort study","level":2,"score":0.698755145072937},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779384505","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17007513","display_name":"Concomitant","level":2,"score":0.5966741442680359},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780494398","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q208144","display_name":"Antipsychotic","level":3,"score":0.5964661836624146},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C195910791","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1324077","display_name":"Medical record","level":2,"score":0.5847193002700806},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C72563966","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1303415","display_name":"Cohort","level":2,"score":0.4698601961135864},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126322002","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11180","display_name":"Internal medicine","level":1,"score":0.43946683406829834},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C511355011","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12174","display_name":"Obesity","level":2,"score":0.43547314405441284},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C201903717","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1778788","display_name":"Cohort study","level":2,"score":0.42742496728897095},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C187212893","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q123028","display_name":"Pediatrics","level":1,"score":0.42471349239349365},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2908647359","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2625603","display_name":"Population","level":2,"score":0.4227175712585449},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C118552586","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7867","display_name":"Psychiatry","level":1,"score":0.3913387060165405},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776412080","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7431605","display_name":"Schizophrenia (object-oriented programming)","level":2,"score":0.31822770833969116},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C147583825","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q620876","display_name":"Body weight","level":2,"score":0.184658944606781},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779306644","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2002370","display_name":"Insulin","level":2,"score":0.05272078514099121},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C99454951","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q932068","display_name":"Environmental health","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":4,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3389/fpsyt.2022.914165","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyt.2022.914165","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyt.2022.914165","pdf_url":"https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fpsyt.2022.914165/pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S92766711","display_name":"Frontiers in Psychiatry","issn_l":"1664-0640","issn":["1664-0640"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","doaj","ki-jl-1","norway-1","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320527","host_organization_name":"Frontiers Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320527"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Frontiers Media"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Frontiers in Psychiatry","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:35686187","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35686187","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Frontiers in psychiatry","raw_type":"Journal Article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:9170991","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC9170991/","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Front Psychiatry","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:bc36abda4d0b4ffda9f13175c37f7cfa","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/bc36abda4d0b4ffda9f13175c37f7cfa","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Frontiers in Psychiatry, Vol 13 (2022)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3389/fpsyt.2022.914165","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyt.2022.914165","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyt.2022.914165","pdf_url":"https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fpsyt.2022.914165/pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S92766711","display_name":"Frontiers in Psychiatry","issn_l":"1664-0640","issn":["1664-0640"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","doaj","ki-jl-1","norway-1","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320527","host_organization_name":"Frontiers Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320527"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Frontiers Media"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Frontiers in Psychiatry","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","display_name":"Good health and well-being","score":1.0}],"study_designs":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/study-designs/observational-study","display_name":"Observational Study"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4285740374.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4285740374.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":31,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W133714800","https://openalex.org/W564948178","https://openalex.org/W1532299651","https://openalex.org/W1710169825","https://openalex.org/W1972316642","https://openalex.org/W1979116745","https://openalex.org/W1982102874","https://openalex.org/W1993446055","https://openalex.org/W2008305355","https://openalex.org/W2013404568","https://openalex.org/W2014026290","https://openalex.org/W2028153389","https://openalex.org/W2042405960","https://openalex.org/W2054516673","https://openalex.org/W2057797593","https://openalex.org/W2069552608","https://openalex.org/W2092252523","https://openalex.org/W2111105929","https://openalex.org/W2132980997","https://openalex.org/W2149821062","https://openalex.org/W2150297662","https://openalex.org/W2168261002","https://openalex.org/W2255477042","https://openalex.org/W2394728106","https://openalex.org/W2398003649","https://openalex.org/W2407776749","https://openalex.org/W2410970994","https://openalex.org/W2529188573","https://openalex.org/W2746379998","https://openalex.org/W2946971258","https://openalex.org/W3110309872"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1972248592","https://openalex.org/W7143470912","https://openalex.org/W2529188573","https://openalex.org/W2036358842","https://openalex.org/W4410097230","https://openalex.org/W2295055766","https://openalex.org/W1519562156","https://openalex.org/W4409406941","https://openalex.org/W1887914370","https://openalex.org/W2999003504"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Background":[0],"Obesity":[1],"and":[2,35,66,142,223,250],"its":[3],"complications":[4],"are":[5],"associated":[6],"with":[7,53,148,191,218,245,313],"several":[8,40],"adverse":[9],"effects":[10,32],"that":[11,283,308],"may":[12],"cause":[13],"a":[14,100,124,183,261,272],"serious":[15],"impact":[16],"on":[17,63,73,140,285],"health.":[18],"Antipsychotics-induced":[19],"weight":[20,50,64,213,220,226,239,247,253,263,274,289,301],"gain":[21,51,65,227,254,302],"(AIWG)":[22],"is":[23],"one":[24],"of":[25,33,60,69,76,83,87,113,163,185,203,230,265,276,295,311],"the":[26,58,67,74,84,90,95,130,153,292,300,318],"major,":[27],"yet":[28],"often":[29],"neglected":[30],"side":[31],"first":[34],"second":[36],"generations":[37],"antipsychotics.":[38],"Importantly,":[39],"researches":[41],"have":[42],"shown":[43],"metformin":[44,70,296,312],"to":[45,108,136,152],"be":[46],"effective":[47],"in":[48,94,103,115,173,194,299],"managing":[49],"especially,":[52],"AIWG.":[54,77,319],"This":[55],"study":[56,154,175,196,305],"investigated":[57],"effect":[59],"antipsychotics":[61,147,169,190,286,314],"use":[62,72,294,310],"theory":[68],"concomitant":[71,293,309],"prevention":[75],"Methods":[78],"A":[79,161],"retrospective":[80],"cohort":[81],"review":[82],"medical":[85],"records":[86,133,158],"patients":[88,114,166,206,211,233,237,243,284],"from":[89,105],"psychiatry":[91],"outpatient":[92],"clinics":[93],"King":[96],"Abdulaziz":[97],"Medical":[98],"city,":[99],"tertiary":[101],"hospital":[102],"Jeddah":[104],"May":[106],"2016":[107],"August":[109],"2021.":[110],"The":[111,120],"population":[112],"Psychiatry":[116],"section":[117],"was":[118,123],"4,141.":[119],"sampling":[121,127],"technique":[122],"non-random":[125],"consecutive":[126],"technique.":[128],"Moreover,":[129],"included":[131],"patients\u2019":[132,157],"were":[134,159,167,176,188,197],"divided":[135],"group":[137,143,179,200,258,269],"1":[138,205,259],"(patients":[139,145],"antipsychotics)":[141],"2":[144,232,270],"using":[146,168,189],"Metformin).":[149],"Results":[150],"According":[151],"criteria,":[155],"395":[156],"included.":[160],"total":[162,184],"309":[164],"(78%)":[165],"without":[170],"metformin,":[171,192],"which":[172,193],"this":[174,195],"depicted":[177],"as":[178,199],"1.":[180],"In":[181,256],"addition,":[182,257],"86":[186],"(22%)":[187],"assigned":[198],"2.":[201],"Out":[202,229],"Group":[204,231],"(n=":[207,234],"309),":[208],"only":[209],"67":[210],"experienced":[212,225,238,252,288],"loss":[214,240],"(21.68%),":[215],"43":[216],"remained":[217,244],"no":[219,246],"change":[221,248,264,275],"(13.92%),":[222],"199":[224],"(64.4%).":[228],"86),":[235],"35":[236],"(40.7%),":[241],"18":[242],"(20.93%),":[249],"33":[251],"(38.37%).":[255],"had":[260,271],"mean":[262,273],"2.5":[266],"kg,":[267],"whereas":[268,291],"\u22120.04":[277],"kg.":[278],"Conclusion":[279],"Statistical":[280],"analysis":[281],"revealed":[282],"alone":[287],"gain,":[290],"showed":[297],"reduction":[298],"tendency.":[303],"Thus,":[304],"outcomes":[306],"indicate":[307],"might":[315],"significantly":[316],"reduce":[317]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-11-10T11:39:43.021295","created_date":"2022-07-18T00:00:00"}
