{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4285485965","doi":"https://doi.org/10.46692/9781529204834.005","title":"Early Life Transitions Increase the Risk for HIV Infection: Using Latent Class Growth Models to Assess the Effect of Key Life Events on HIV Incidence Among Adolescent Girls in Rural South Africa","display_name":"Early Life Transitions Increase the Risk for HIV Infection: Using Latent Class Growth Models to Assess the Effect of Key Life Events on HIV Incidence Among Adolescent Girls in Rural South Africa","publication_year":2021,"publication_date":"2021-02-24","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4285485965","doi":"https://doi.org/10.46692/9781529204834.005"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.46692/9781529204834.005","doi":"https://doi.org/10.46692/9781529204834.005","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.46692/9781529204834.005","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306462973","display_name":"Bristol University Press eBooks","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"ebook platform"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sustainable Human Development across the Life Course","raw_type":"other"},"volume":{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4205635592","display_name":"Sustainable Human Development across the Life Course"},"type":"other","is_traditional":false,"indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5051486309","display_name":"Audrey E. Pettifor","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3387-0817","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3387-0817"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Audrey Pettifor","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5053515833","display_name":"Emily Agnew","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6851-8541","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6851-8541"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Emily Agnew","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5004216870","display_name":"Torsten B. Neilands","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7936-9123","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7936-9123"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Torsten B. Neilands","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Jennifer Ahern","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jennifer Ahern","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5014836003","display_name":"Stephen M. Tollman","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0744-7588","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0744-7588"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Stephen Tollman","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5018207897","display_name":"Kathleen Kahn","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3339-3931","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3339-3931"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Kathleen Kahn","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5045521556","display_name":"Sheri A. Lippman","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3152-9372","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3152-9372"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sheri A. Lippman","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":0,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"69","last_page":"88"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10327","display_name":"Adolescent Sexual and Reproductive Health","score":0.9854000210762024,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2739","display_name":"Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10327","display_name":"Adolescent Sexual and Reproductive Health","score":0.9854000210762024,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2739","display_name":"Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10082","display_name":"HIV/AIDS Research and Interventions","score":0.012299999594688416,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2725","display_name":"Infectious Diseases"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10146","display_name":"Cervical Cancer and HPV Research","score":0.0005000000237487257,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2713","display_name":"Epidemiology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hiv-incidence","display_name":"HIV incidence","score":0.8479999899864197},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/adolescent-girls","display_name":"adolescent girls","score":0.8510000109672546},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/life-transitions","display_name":"life transitions","score":0.6169999837875366},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/early-sexual-debut","display_name":"early sexual initiation","score":0.6159999966621399},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/school-dropout","display_name":"school dropout","score":0.8230000138282776},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/teenage-pregnancy","display_name":"adolescent pregnancy","score":0.7580000162124634},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/parental-death","display_name":"parental death","score":0.8069999814033508},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/orphaned-youth","display_name":"orphaned youth","score":0.7670000195503235},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hiv-risk-factors","display_name":"HIV risk factors","score":0.6859999895095825},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/rural-south-africa","display_name":"rural South Africa","score":0.625},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/coming-of-age","display_name":"coming of age","score":0.5709999799728394}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3013748606","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q15787","display_name":"Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)","level":2,"score":0.7910282611846924},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C61511704","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1671857","display_name":"Incidence (geometry)","level":2,"score":0.6089790463447571},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C70727504","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1806878","display_name":"Latent class model","level":2,"score":0.4964185357093811},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C26517878","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228039","display_name":"Key (lock)","level":2,"score":0.4927873909473419},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777212361","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5127848","display_name":"Class (philosophy)","level":2,"score":0.4792759120464325},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149923435","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q37732","display_name":"Demography","level":1,"score":0.46469494700431824},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.4183891713619232},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C74909509","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q10387","display_name":"Gerontology","level":1,"score":0.39463216066360474},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.344573974609375},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205649164","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1071","display_name":"Geography","level":0,"score":0.3371884226799011},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C203014093","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q101929","display_name":"Immunology","level":1,"score":0.25285401940345764},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144024400","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21201","display_name":"Sociology","level":0,"score":0.1627868115901947},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.11302980780601501},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.07649427652359009},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.0664682686328888},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.0635637640953064},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2524010","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8087","display_name":"Geometry","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.46692/9781529204834.005","doi":"https://doi.org/10.46692/9781529204834.005","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.46692/9781529204834.005","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306462973","display_name":"Bristol University Press eBooks","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"ebook platform"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sustainable Human Development across the Life Course","raw_type":"other"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Good health and well-being","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","score":0.9940000176429749},{"display_name":"Gender equality","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/5","score":0.6025999784469604}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2037062007","https://openalex.org/W7098926268","https://openalex.org/W4312060059","https://openalex.org/W2786388328","https://openalex.org/W4309183554","https://openalex.org/W4213022045","https://openalex.org/W2729085804","https://openalex.org/W2808795870","https://openalex.org/W2967201585","https://openalex.org/W3024477271"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Introduction":[0],"Adolescent":[1],"girls":[2,242],"and":[3,58,81,101,143,153,173,182,202,216,253,291,309,344],"young":[4,38,120,274,332],"women":[5,39,123,275],"(AGYW)":[6],"in":[7,119,219,251,331],"sub-Saharan":[8],"Africa":[9,31],"are":[10,135,147,160,206,243,336],"at":[11],"high":[12],"risk":[13,115,190,300,330],"of":[14,27,54,63,73,116,133,191,262,283,319],"HIV":[15,17,32,117,165,192,211,286,303,329,343],"infection.":[16],"infection":[18,118,212,304],"rates":[19],"increase":[20],"substantially":[21],"among":[22,37],"AGYW":[23],"after":[24],"the":[25,70,131,189,281],"age":[26,49,132,252,282],"18.":[28],"In":[29,225],"South":[30],"prevalence":[33],"rises":[34],"from":[35],"6%":[36],"aged":[40],"15\u201319":[41],"years":[42,72],"to":[43,109,138,163,209,231,246,325,339,345],"17%":[44],"by":[45,150,234],"ages":[46],"20\u201324.":[47],"This":[48],"period":[50],"marks":[51],"a":[52,61,320],"time":[53],"transition":[55],"into":[56],"adulthood":[57],"coincides":[59],"with":[60,112,141,155,328,342],"number":[62],"key":[64],"life":[65,91,184],"events,":[66],"such":[67,305],"as":[68,200,306],"finishing":[69],"mandatory":[71],"schooling,":[74],"leaving":[75,99,186],"home,":[76],"entering":[77],"first":[78,83,95,127],"sexual":[79,257,311,348],"relationships":[80],"experiencing":[82,276],"pregnancies.(Human":[84],"Sciences":[85],"Research":[86],"Council":[87],"[HSRC],":[88],"2017)":[89,224],"Key":[90],"events":[92,146],"that":[93],"include":[94],"pregnancy,":[96],"coital":[97],"debut,":[98],"school":[100,177,187,199,220,235,263],"parental":[102],"death":[103],"have":[104,247,255,270,298],"all":[105],"been":[106,271,323],"found":[107,324],"independently":[108],"be":[110,139,164,232,326,340],"associated":[111,327],"an":[113],"increased":[114],"women.":[121],"Young":[122],"who":[124,159,195,203,217,293],"experience":[125,294],"their":[126],"vaginal":[128],"sex":[129,152,154],"before":[130],"15":[134],"more":[136,161,207,244,299,310,337],"likely":[137,162,208,245,338],"living":[140,341],"HIV,":[142],"these":[144],"early":[145,277],"often":[148,201],"characterized":[149],"forced":[151],"older":[156,307],"male":[157,248],"partners":[158,249,258,308,312],"infected":[166],"(Pettifor":[167],"et":[168,222,265,314,354],"al,":[169,223,266,315,355],"2004,":[170],"2009;":[171],"Wand":[172],"Ramjee,":[174],"2012).":[175],"While":[176],"attendance":[178],"has":[179,322],"multiple":[180],"developmental":[181],"later":[183],"benefits,":[185],"increases":[188],"acquisition.":[193],"Girls":[194],"do":[196],"not":[197],"attend":[198],"drop":[204],"out":[205,261],"acquire":[210],"than":[213,259,350],"those":[214,260,292],"attending":[215],"stay":[218],"(Stoner":[221,264],"one":[226],"study,":[227],"this":[228],"association":[229],"appears":[230],"explained":[233],"environments":[236],"providing":[237],"safer":[238],"spaces":[239],"where":[240],"adolescent":[241,278,295],"closer":[250],"also":[254,297],"fewer":[256],"2018)":[267],"Similar":[268],"patterns":[269],"observed":[272],"for":[273,302],"pregnancy":[279,296],"(before":[280],"15),":[284],"whereby":[285],"incidence":[287],"is":[288],"much":[289],"higher,":[290],"factors":[301],"(Christofides":[313],"2014).":[316],"Finally,":[317],"loss":[318],"parent":[321],"people;":[333],"orphaned":[334],"youth":[335,352],"report":[346],"riskier":[347],"behaviour":[349],"non-orphaned":[351],"(Operario":[353],"2011).":[356]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-11-04T10:54:05.112534","created_date":"2022-07-15T00:00:00"}
