{"id":"https://openalex.org/W42854553","doi":null,"title":"Effectiveness of innovation policies : biotechnology in The Netherlands (1994-2001)","display_name":"Effectiveness of innovation policies : biotechnology in The Netherlands (1994-2001)","publication_year":2003,"publication_date":"2003-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W42854553","mag":"42854553"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:oai-pmh.tno.nl:17392","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://resolver.tno.nl/uuid:60469116-5bf5-44a1-bdeb-9545ce52d5c6","pdf_url":"https://publications.tno.nl/publication/100585/7UipiT/STB-2002-050.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S7407055233","display_name":"TNO Repository","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/report"},"volume":null,"type":"report","is_traditional":false,"indexed_in":[],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://publications.tno.nl/publication/100585/7UipiT/STB-2002-050.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5033376084","display_name":"Sander Kern","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sander Kern","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5072013080","display_name":"A.M. van der Giessen","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"A.M. van der Giessen","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5111962823","display_name":"C. Enzing","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"C. Enzing","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":0,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":2,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14293","display_name":"Biotechnology and Related Fields","score":0.5425000190734863,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1405","display_name":"Management of Technology and Innovation"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/14","display_name":"Business, Management and Accounting"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14293","display_name":"Biotechnology and Related Fields","score":0.5425000190734863,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1405","display_name":"Management of Technology and Innovation"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/14","display_name":"Business, Management and Accounting"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12722","display_name":"Innovation Policy and R&D","score":0.38260000944137573,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2002","display_name":"Economics and Econometrics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/20","display_name":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13276","display_name":"University-Industry-Government Innovation Models","score":0.028200000524520874,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1405","display_name":"Management of Technology and Innovation"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/14","display_name":"Business, Management and Accounting"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/biotechnology-policy","display_name":"biotechnology policy","score":0.7670000195503235},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/innovation-policy-effectiveness","display_name":"innovation policy effectiveness","score":0.8619999885559082},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/technology-commercialization","display_name":"technology commercialization","score":0.8299999833106995},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/intellectual-property","display_name":"intellectual property","score":0.652999997138977},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/biotechnology-regulation","display_name":"biotechnology regulation","score":0.8790000081062317},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/research-recruitment","display_name":"research recruitment","score":0.4410000145435333},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/researcher-mobility","display_name":"researcher mobility","score":0.7599999904632568},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/business-start-up","display_name":"startups","score":0.8059999942779541}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C150903083","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7108","display_name":"Biotechnology","level":1,"score":0.5222509503364563},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144133560","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4830453","display_name":"Business","level":0,"score":0.4463881850242615},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.21260333061218262}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":4,"locations":[{"id":"pmh:oai:oai-pmh.tno.nl:17392","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://resolver.tno.nl/uuid:60469116-5bf5-44a1-bdeb-9545ce52d5c6","pdf_url":"https://publications.tno.nl/publication/100585/7UipiT/STB-2002-050.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S7407055233","display_name":"TNO Repository","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/report"},{"id":"pmh:tno:oai:tudelft.nl:uuid:60469116-5bf5-44a1-bdeb-9545ce52d5c6","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:60469116-5bf5-44a1-bdeb-9545ce52d5c6","pdf_url":"http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:60469116-5bf5-44a1-bdeb-9545ce52d5c6","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401843","display_name":"Data Archiving and Networked Services (DANS)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1322597698","host_organization_name":"Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1322597698"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"other-oa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/report"},{"id":"pmh:oai:tudelft.nl:uuid:60469116-5bf5-44a1-bdeb-9545ce52d5c6","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:60469116-5bf5-44a1-bdeb-9545ce52d5c6","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402238","display_name":"Repository hosted by TU Delft Library (TU Delft)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I98358874","host_organization_name":"Delft University of Technology","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I98358874"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"report"},{"id":"mag:42854553","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://repository.tno.nl/islandora/object/uuid%3A60469116-5bf5-44a1-bdeb-9545ce52d5c6","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:oai-pmh.tno.nl:17392","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://resolver.tno.nl/uuid:60469116-5bf5-44a1-bdeb-9545ce52d5c6","pdf_url":"https://publications.tno.nl/publication/100585/7UipiT/STB-2002-050.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S7407055233","display_name":"TNO Repository","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/report"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.8970999717712402,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/9","display_name":"Industry, innovation and infrastructure"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W42854553.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W42854553.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W7055910532","https://openalex.org/W7055853737","https://openalex.org/W1993817711","https://openalex.org/W6990744952","https://openalex.org/W2051814476","https://openalex.org/W2091693698","https://openalex.org/W2911852006","https://openalex.org/W2006908679","https://openalex.org/W7046808076","https://openalex.org/W73619747"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Introduction":[0,13],"\u2014":[1,10,14,27,35,42,52,65,77,85,90,99,105,116,122,133,145,156,160,172,183,191,197,201,211,221,230,238,253,261,265,274,285,297,306],"3":[2,124],"2":[3],"The":[4,125,136,148],"Dutch":[5,21,59,129,140,169,280],"biotechnology":[6,22,60,97,130,144,155,182,210,228],"policy":[7],"profile:":[8],"1994-2001":[9],"4":[11,15,162],"2.1":[12],"2.2":[16],"Vertical":[17],"policies":[18,56],"in":[19,25,57,63,112,143,153,181,249,293],"the":[20,58,70,96,128,139,151,168,178,207,227,244],"innovation":[23,61,131],"system":[24,62,132],"2001":[26,64],"5":[28,36,255],"2.2.1":[29],"Policies":[30,38,45,175,204,214],"for":[31,39,95,226],"knowledge":[32,71,141,179],"base":[33,142,180],"support":[34,41,177,206],"2.2.2":[37],"commercialisation":[40,82,208],"6":[43,263],"2.2.3":[44],"with":[46,215],"a":[47,216],"socio-economic":[48,217],"and/or":[49],"ethical":[50,219],"dimension":[51,220],"7":[53,66,78,86],"2.3":[54],"Horizontal":[55],"2.3.1":[67],"Support":[68,80],"of":[69,75,81,83,109,127,138,150,195,209,246,270,279,290,302],"base,":[72],"including":[73],"mobility":[74],"researchers":[76,196],"2.3.2":[79],"technologies":[84],"2.3.3":[87],"Firm":[88],"creation":[89],"8":[91,100],"2.3.4":[92],"Regulation":[93,224],"matters":[94,225],"industry":[98,229],"2.3.5":[101],"Legislation":[102,233],"on":[103,234],"IPR":[104],"9":[106,117],"2.3.6":[107],"Availability":[108],"financial":[110,247],"capital":[111,248],"high":[113,250],"growth":[114,251],"sectors":[115,252],"2.4":[118],"Changes":[119],"since":[120],"1994":[121],"10":[123],"performance":[126,137,149,283,291],"12":[134,146],"3.1":[135],"3.2":[147],"Netherlands":[152],"commercialising":[154],"16":[157],"3.3":[158],"Conclusions":[159],"18":[161],"Policy":[163,256],"effectiveness:":[164,257],"An":[165],"assessment":[166],"from":[167],"actors\u2019":[170],"perspective":[171],"20":[173,184,192],"4.1":[174],"to":[176,187,205,242],"4.1.1":[185],"Instruments":[186],"encourage":[188],"basic":[189],"research":[190],"4.1.2":[193],"Recruitment":[194],"21":[198,202],"4.1.3":[199],"Collaboration":[200],"4.2":[203],"22":[212],"4.3":[213],"and":[218,259,272,281,304],"23":[222],"4.4":[223],"24":[231],"4.5":[232],"intellectual":[235],"property":[236],"rights":[237],"25":[239,254],"4.6":[240],"Measures":[241],"assure":[243],"availability":[245],"conclusions":[258],"recommendations":[260],"27":[262],"References":[264],"29":[266],"Annex":[267,276,287,299],"1:":[268],"Overview":[269,278,289],"programmes":[271],"instruments":[273],"30":[275],"2:":[277],"EU":[282,294],"indicators":[284,292],"32":[286],"3:":[288],"member":[295],"states":[296],"33":[298],"4:":[300],"List":[301],"organisations":[303],"respondents":[305],"34":[307]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-09-16T18:09:00.828671","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}
