{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4285312411","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3126/mjmms.v1i2.46373","title":"Anti-CCP Antibody and Rheumatoid Factor among Clinically Diagnosed Rheumatoid Arthritis Patients Attending a Tertiary Hospital at Chitwan, Nepal","display_name":"Anti-CCP Antibody and Rheumatoid Factor among Clinically Diagnosed Rheumatoid Arthritis Patients Attending a Tertiary Hospital at Chitwan, Nepal","publication_year":2021,"publication_date":"2021-12-31","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4285312411","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3126/mjmms.v1i2.46373"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3126/mjmms.v1i2.46373","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3126/mjmms.v1i2.46373","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3126/mjmms.v1i2.46373","pdf_url":"https://www.nepjol.info/index.php/mjmms/article/download/46373/34783","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4220651445","display_name":"MedS Alliance Journal of Medicine and Medical Sciences","issn_l":"2795-1952","issn":["2795-1952","2976-1107"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"MedS Alliance Journal of Medicine and Medical Sciences","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"diamond","oa_url":"https://www.nepjol.info/index.php/mjmms/article/download/46373/34783","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5021322022","display_name":"Fuleshwar Mandal","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0190-9465","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0190-9465"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I155028946","display_name":"Tribhuvan University","ror":"https://ror.org/02rg1r889","country_code":"NP","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I155028946"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2799448541","display_name":"Chitwan Medical College","ror":"https://ror.org/009fgen45","country_code":"NP","type":"other","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2799448541"]}],"countries":["NP"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Fuleshwar Mandal","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Biochemistry, Chitwan Medical College, Tribhuvan University, Nepal"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0190-9465","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Biochemistry, Chitwan Medical College, Tribhuvan University, Nepal","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I155028946","https://openalex.org/I2799448541"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5104208302","display_name":"Dilip KC","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I155028946","display_name":"Tribhuvan University","ror":"https://ror.org/02rg1r889","country_code":"NP","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I155028946"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2799448541","display_name":"Chitwan Medical College","ror":"https://ror.org/009fgen45","country_code":"NP","type":"other","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2799448541"]}],"countries":["NP"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Dilip KC","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Laboratory Medicine, Chitwan Medical College, Tribhuvan University, Nepal"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Laboratory Medicine, Chitwan Medical College, Tribhuvan University, Nepal","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I155028946","https://openalex.org/I2799448541"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5002695862","display_name":"Kishor Adhikari","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2517-0834","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2517-0834"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I155028946","display_name":"Tribhuvan University","ror":"https://ror.org/02rg1r889","country_code":"NP","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I155028946"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2799448541","display_name":"Chitwan Medical College","ror":"https://ror.org/009fgen45","country_code":"NP","type":"other","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2799448541"]}],"countries":["NP"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Kishor Adhikari","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Public Health and Department of Community Medicine, Chitwan Medical College, Tribhuvan University, Nepal"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2517-0834","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Public Health and Department of Community Medicine, Chitwan Medical College, Tribhuvan University, Nepal","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I155028946","https://openalex.org/I2799448541"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.0,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"1","issue":"2","first_page":"6","last_page":"10"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10200","display_name":"Rheumatoid Arthritis Research and Therapies","score":0.9990000128746033,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2745","display_name":"Rheumatology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10200","display_name":"Rheumatoid Arthritis Research and Therapies","score":0.9990000128746033,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2745","display_name":"Rheumatology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10308","display_name":"Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Research","score":0.00039999998989515007,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2745","display_name":"Rheumatology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13026","display_name":"Natural Compounds in Disease Treatment","score":9.999999747378752e-05,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2707","display_name":"Complementary and alternative medicine"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/rheumatoid-arthritis","display_name":"rheumatoid arthritis","score":1.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/anti-ccp-antibodies","display_name":"anti-CCP antibodies","score":0.902999997138977},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/rheumatoid-factor","display_name":"rheumatoid factor","score":0.9919999837875366},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/serological-markers","display_name":"serological markers","score":0.9660000205039978},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/seronegative-rheumatoid-arthritis","display_name":"seronegative rheumatoid arthritis","score":0.9269999861717224},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sensitivity-and-specificity","display_name":"sensitivity and specificity","score":0.5600000023841858},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/chitwan-nepal","display_name":"Chitwan, Nepal","score":0.7799999713897705}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.9228441715240479},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776232647","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q702883","display_name":"Rheumatoid factor","level":3,"score":0.8611695766448975},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777575956","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q187255","display_name":"Rheumatoid arthritis","level":2,"score":0.803430438041687},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126322002","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11180","display_name":"Internal medicine","level":1,"score":0.688402533531189},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C164585084","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12133588","display_name":"Nephelometry","level":3,"score":0.6537611484527588},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159654299","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q79460","display_name":"Antibody","level":2,"score":0.6125283241271973},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C45189115","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q502159","display_name":"Serology","level":3,"score":0.6100685596466064},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C90924648","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q120569","display_name":"Gastroenterology","level":1,"score":0.5515124201774597},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2908647359","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2625603","display_name":"Population","level":2,"score":0.46604716777801514},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781197716","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q864574","display_name":"Biomarker","level":2,"score":0.4136286675930023},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C203014093","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q101929","display_name":"Immunology","level":1,"score":0.3897091746330261},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C99454951","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q932068","display_name":"Environmental health","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C55493867","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7094","display_name":"Biochemistry","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3126/mjmms.v1i2.46373","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3126/mjmms.v1i2.46373","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3126/mjmms.v1i2.46373","pdf_url":"https://www.nepjol.info/index.php/mjmms/article/download/46373/34783","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4220651445","display_name":"MedS Alliance Journal of Medicine and Medical Sciences","issn_l":"2795-1952","issn":["2795-1952","2976-1107"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"MedS Alliance Journal of Medicine and Medical Sciences","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3126/mjmms.v1i2.46373","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3126/mjmms.v1i2.46373","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3126/mjmms.v1i2.46373","pdf_url":"https://www.nepjol.info/index.php/mjmms/article/download/46373/34783","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4220651445","display_name":"MedS Alliance Journal of Medicine and Medical Sciences","issn_l":"2795-1952","issn":["2795-1952","2976-1107"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"MedS Alliance Journal of Medicine and Medical Sciences","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":1.0,"display_name":"Good health and well-being","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3"}],"study_designs":[{"display_name":"Observational Study","id":"https://openalex.org/study-designs/observational-study"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4285312411.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4285312411.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":7,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2025647410","https://openalex.org/W2342916283","https://openalex.org/W2742133398","https://openalex.org/W3196458292","https://openalex.org/W4248080058","https://openalex.org/W4311675917","https://openalex.org/W6776547108"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2082771893","https://openalex.org/W2921330095","https://openalex.org/W7219165895","https://openalex.org/W7120178921","https://openalex.org/W7204446724","https://openalex.org/W4415243494","https://openalex.org/W2381787257","https://openalex.org/W2193570527","https://openalex.org/W4417230891","https://openalex.org/W7219355610"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"INTRODUCTION:":[0],"Rheumatoid":[1,26,239,272],"Arthritis":[2],"(RA)":[3],"is":[4,29,62,87,248,260],"a":[5,88],"common,":[6],"chronic":[7],"inflammatory":[8],"multisystem":[9],"autoimmune":[10],"disorder":[11],"of":[12,23,38,139,156,164,172,237,271],"undetermined":[13],"aetiology":[14],"involving":[15],"primarily":[16],"the":[17,36,93,154,159,165,219,269],"synovial":[18],"membranes":[19],"and":[20,50,69,78,114,125,135,149,158,186,206,218,223,263],"articular":[21],"structures":[22],"many":[24,46],"joints.":[25],"factor":[27],"(RF)":[28],"most":[30],"frequently":[31],"used":[32],"serum":[33],"biomarkers":[34],"for":[35,203,215,268],"diagnosis":[37,270],"RA;":[39],"however,":[40],"these":[41],"antibodies":[42,61,184,193],"are":[43,233],"detectable":[44],"in":[45,52,54,75],"other":[47],"pathological":[48],"conditions":[49],"even":[51],"5%":[53],"healthy":[55],"population.":[56],"Anti-Cyclic":[57],"Citrullinated":[58],"Peptide":[59],"(Anti-CCP)":[60],"another":[63],"serological":[64,131],"biomarker":[65],"having":[66],"high":[67,235],"sensitivity":[68],"specificity":[70],"than":[71,241,266],"RF":[72,183,192,196,208,224,267],"which":[73],"present":[74],"pre-clinical":[76],"stage":[77],"seronegative":[79],"rheumatoid":[80],"arthritis":[81,240],"patients.":[82],"MATERIALS":[83],"AND":[84],"METHODS:":[85],"This":[86,253],"cross-sectional":[89],"study":[90,254],"conducted":[91],"among":[92,207],"confirmed":[94],"RA":[95,143,176],"patients":[96,166,200,212],"visiting":[97],"orthopaedic":[98],"OPD.":[99],"Anti-CCP":[100,134,222,258],"antibody":[101,205,217,259],"was":[102,127,167,226],"determined":[103,117],"quantitively":[104,118],"by":[105,119],"CLIA":[106],"on":[107,122],"Siemen":[108],"ADVIA":[109],"Centaur":[110],"CP":[111],"immunoassay":[112],"system":[113],"RA-factor":[115],"were":[116,147,151,182,191,201,213],"Nephelometry":[120],"assay":[121],"MISPA":[123],"I3":[124],"comparison":[126],"done":[128],"between":[129,221],"two":[130],"tests,":[132],"i.e.,":[133,180,189],"RF.":[136],"RESULTS:":[137],"Out":[138,171],"112":[140,173],"clinically":[141,174],"diagnosed":[142,175],"patients,":[144,177,179,188],"23":[145],"(20.5%)":[146],"males":[148,242],"89(79.5%)":[150],"females":[152],"with":[153],"ratio":[155,247],"1:3.9":[157],"mean":[160],"age":[161],"\u00b1":[162,169],"SD":[163],"50":[168],"14.56.":[170],"55":[178],"49.1%":[181],"positive":[185,202,214],"57":[187],"50.9%":[190],"negative.":[194],"Among":[195],"positive,":[197],"32":[198],"(58.2%)":[199],"anti-CCP":[204,216],"negative,":[209],"10":[210],"(17.5%)":[211],"differences":[220],"groups":[225],"statistically":[227],"highly":[228],"significant":[229],"(p<0.001).":[230],"CONCLUSIONS:":[231],"Females":[232],"at":[234],"risk":[236],"developing":[238],"because":[243],"male":[244],"to":[245,250],"female":[246],"found":[249],"be":[251],"1:3.9.":[252],"also":[255],"showed":[256],"that":[257],"more":[261],"beneficial":[262],"better":[264],"marker":[265],"arthritis.":[273]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-09-26T08:19:03.415552","created_date":"2022-07-14T00:00:00"}