{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4285280946","doi":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.4108856","title":"Title: The Role of Bacillus Bacteria and Media Chemistry in the Precipitation of Calcium Carbonate Polymorphs","display_name":"Title: The Role of Bacillus Bacteria and Media Chemistry in the Precipitation of Calcium Carbonate Polymorphs","publication_year":2022,"publication_date":"2022-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4285280946","doi":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.4108856"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.2139/ssrn.4108856","doi":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.4108856","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.4108856","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210172589","display_name":"SSRN Electronic Journal","issn_l":"1556-5068","issn":["1556-5068"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1318003438","host_organization_name":"RELX Group (Netherlands)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1318003438"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"SSRN Electronic Journal","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"preprint","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.4108856","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5077502613","display_name":"Daniel Karanja Mutitu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2050-9782","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2050-9782"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I3132506069","display_name":"University of Embu","ror":"https://ror.org/00hzs6t60","country_code":"KE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I3132506069"]}],"countries":["KE"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Daniel Karanja Mutitu","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Embu, Meru - Nairobi Hwy/B6, Embu, Kenya","University of Embu"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Embu, Meru - Nairobi Hwy/B6, Embu, Kenya","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I3132506069"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Embu","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I3132506069"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5069748892","display_name":"Jackson Muthengia Wachira","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6081-8056","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6081-8056"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I3132506069","display_name":"University of Embu","ror":"https://ror.org/00hzs6t60","country_code":"KE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I3132506069"]}],"countries":["KE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jackson Muthengia Wachira","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Embu, Meru - Nairobi Hwy/B6, Embu, Kenya","University of Embu"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Embu, Meru - Nairobi Hwy/B6, Embu, Kenya","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I3132506069"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Embu","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I3132506069"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5060998732","display_name":"Romano Mwirichia","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4198-5593","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4198-5593"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I3132506069","display_name":"University of Embu","ror":"https://ror.org/00hzs6t60","country_code":"KE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I3132506069"]}],"countries":["KE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Romano Mwirichia","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Biological Sciences, University of Embu, P.O. Box 6-60100, Embu, Kenya., Kenya","Department of Biological Sciences, University of Embu"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Biological Sciences, University of Embu, P.O. Box 6-60100, Embu, Kenya., Kenya","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I3132506069"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Biological Sciences, University of Embu","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I3132506069"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5031441846","display_name":"Joseph Karanja Thiong\u2019o","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6405-8496","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6405-8496"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I153975220","display_name":"Kenyatta University","ror":"https://ror.org/05p2z3x69","country_code":"KE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I153975220"]}],"countries":["KE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Joseph Karanja Thiong'o","raw_affiliation_strings":["Kenyatta University"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Kenyatta University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I153975220"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5001356408","display_name":"Onesmus Mulwa Munyao","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0517-2130","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0517-2130"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I153975220","display_name":"Kenyatta University","ror":"https://ror.org/05p2z3x69","country_code":"KE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I153975220"]}],"countries":["KE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Onesmus Mulwa Munyao","raw_affiliation_strings":["Kenyatta University, P.O. Box 43844, Nairobi, 00100, Kenya","Kenyatta University"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Kenyatta University, P.O. Box 43844, Nairobi, 00100, Kenya","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I153975220"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Kenyatta University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I153975220"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5113883308","display_name":"Genson Murithi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7359-7130","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7359-7130"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I3132506069","display_name":"University of Embu","ror":"https://ror.org/00hzs6t60","country_code":"KE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I3132506069"]}],"countries":["KE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"GENSON MURITHI","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Embu, Meru - Nairobi Hwy/B6, Embu, Kenya","University of Embu"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Embu, Meru - Nairobi Hwy/B6, Embu, Kenya","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I3132506069"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Embu","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I3132506069"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5077502613"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I3132506069"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12247","display_name":"Microbial Applications in Construction Materials","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2305","display_name":"Environmental Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12247","display_name":"Microbial Applications in Construction Materials","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2305","display_name":"Environmental Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11278","display_name":"Calcium Carbonate Crystallization and Inhibition","score":0.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2502","display_name":"Biomaterials"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/25","display_name":"Materials Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11643","display_name":"Building materials and conservation","score":0.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1904","display_name":"Earth-Surface Processes"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/19","display_name":"Earth and Planetary Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bacillus","display_name":"Bacillus","score":0.8920000195503235},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sporosarcina-pasteurii","display_name":"Sporosarcina pasteurii","score":0.9300000071525574},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/lysinibacillus-sphaericus","display_name":"Bacillus sphaericus","score":1.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bacillus-megaterium","display_name":"Bacillus megaterium","score":1.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/calcium-carbonate-polymorphs","display_name":"calcium carbonate polymorphs","score":0.9829999804496765},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/vaterite","display_name":"vaterite","score":0.9409999847412109},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/calcite","display_name":"calcite","score":0.996999979019165},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/calcium-acetate","display_name":"calcium acetate","score":0.6840000152587891},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/calcium-chloride","display_name":"calcium chloride","score":0.9819999933242798},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/urea","display_name":"urea","score":0.9079999923706055},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mortar-prisms","display_name":"mortar prisms","score":0.7599999904632568}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778039128","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q23767","display_name":"Calcium carbonate","level":2,"score":0.6817745566368103},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C523546767","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q10876","display_name":"Bacteria","level":2,"score":0.6316852569580078},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107054158","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25257","display_name":"Precipitation","level":2,"score":0.5950183272361755},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780659211","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q181699","display_name":"Carbonate","level":2,"score":0.5676538944244385},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.5523213744163513},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C519063684","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q706","display_name":"Calcium","level":2,"score":0.534950852394104},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C183586093","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q610457","display_name":"Biomineralization","level":2,"score":0.5058205127716064},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.1900635063648224},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C87355193","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q411","display_name":"Astrobiology","level":1,"score":0.170913428068161},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C178790620","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11351","display_name":"Organic chemistry","level":1,"score":0.15364882349967957},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C54355233","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7162","display_name":"Genetics","level":1,"score":0.08730342984199524},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205649164","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1071","display_name":"Geography","level":0,"score":0.08452555537223816},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153294291","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25261","display_name":"Meteorology","level":1,"score":0.06083938479423523}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.2139/ssrn.4108856","doi":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.4108856","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.4108856","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210172589","display_name":"SSRN Electronic Journal","issn_l":"1556-5068","issn":["1556-5068"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1318003438","host_organization_name":"RELX Group (Netherlands)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1318003438"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"SSRN Electronic Journal","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.2139/ssrn.4108856","doi":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.4108856","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.4108856","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210172589","display_name":"SSRN Electronic Journal","issn_l":"1556-5068","issn":["1556-5068"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1318003438","host_organization_name":"RELX Group (Netherlands)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1318003438"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"SSRN Electronic Journal","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":54,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1969818179","https://openalex.org/W1975259769","https://openalex.org/W1976907162","https://openalex.org/W1977836001","https://openalex.org/W1983035066","https://openalex.org/W1983899470","https://openalex.org/W1986127645","https://openalex.org/W1988042252","https://openalex.org/W1998198899","https://openalex.org/W2005593028","https://openalex.org/W2009287550","https://openalex.org/W2011605852","https://openalex.org/W2011697535","https://openalex.org/W2016829795","https://openalex.org/W2022114846","https://openalex.org/W2027458974","https://openalex.org/W2036599348","https://openalex.org/W2040607439","https://openalex.org/W2045573326","https://openalex.org/W2046120321","https://openalex.org/W2055926753","https://openalex.org/W2061999079","https://openalex.org/W2068262428","https://openalex.org/W2069467348","https://openalex.org/W2069767415","https://openalex.org/W2073618740","https://openalex.org/W2074222515","https://openalex.org/W2082602103","https://openalex.org/W2089410452","https://openalex.org/W2113427692","https://openalex.org/W2116098974","https://openalex.org/W2138742911","https://openalex.org/W2140169405","https://openalex.org/W2149617857","https://openalex.org/W2167152710","https://openalex.org/W2200200452","https://openalex.org/W2291816027","https://openalex.org/W2396145265","https://openalex.org/W2407575991","https://openalex.org/W2461524300","https://openalex.org/W2469578241","https://openalex.org/W2503474106","https://openalex.org/W2522833512","https://openalex.org/W2551866577","https://openalex.org/W2615343021","https://openalex.org/W2736048049","https://openalex.org/W2782131892","https://openalex.org/W2884822729","https://openalex.org/W2886705316","https://openalex.org/W2892379529","https://openalex.org/W2991143364","https://openalex.org/W3030572084","https://openalex.org/W4235571902","https://openalex.org/W4238712501"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1976907162","https://openalex.org/W2898455255","https://openalex.org/W3097524990","https://openalex.org/W4408977676","https://openalex.org/W2062420054","https://openalex.org/W4386546942","https://openalex.org/W2021474654","https://openalex.org/W2765752666","https://openalex.org/W4398765399","https://openalex.org/W4281478699"],"abstract_inverted_index":null,"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-10-10T09:11:00.788812","created_date":"2022-07-14T00:00:00"}