{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4284970805","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1080/23311886.2022.2084893","title":"\u201cThere is something like a barrier\u201d: Disability stigma, structural discrimination and middle-class persons with disability in Ghana","display_name":"\u201cThere is something like a barrier\u201d: Disability stigma, structural discrimination and middle-class persons with disability in Ghana","publication_year":2022,"publication_date":"2022-07-08","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4284970805","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1080/23311886.2022.2084893"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1080/23311886.2022.2084893","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1080/23311886.2022.2084893","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1080/23311886.2022.2084893","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2737998943","display_name":"Cogent Social Sciences","issn_l":"2331-1886","issn":["2331-1886"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","norway-1","poland-40","russia-white-list-2","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310311767","host_organization_name":"Cogent OA","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310311767"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Cogent OA"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Cogent Social Sciences","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.1080/23311886.2022.2084893","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5004867180","display_name":"Joseph Ocran","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3322-9840","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3322-9840"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I36353753","display_name":"Central University","ror":"https://ror.org/037732v94","country_code":"GH","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I36353753"]}],"countries":["GH"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Joseph Ocran","raw_affiliation_strings":["Central University","Department of Social Sciences, Central University, Miotso, Ghana"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3322-9840","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Central University","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Social Sciences, Central University, Miotso, Ghana","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I36353753"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5004867180"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I36353753"],"apc_list":{"value":950,"currency":"GBP","value_usd":1165},"apc_paid":{"value":950,"currency":"GBP","value_usd":1165},"fwci":4.9308,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":36,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.9553089,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":93,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"8","issue":"1","first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11003","display_name":"Disability Rights and Representation","score":0.9990000128746033,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3311","display_name":"Safety Research"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11003","display_name":"Disability Rights and Representation","score":0.9990000128746033,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3311","display_name":"Safety Research"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12948","display_name":"Inclusion and Disability in Education and Sport","score":0.0007999999797903001,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3312","display_name":"Sociology and Political Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11514","display_name":"Disability Education and Employment","score":0.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3311","display_name":"Safety Research"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/disability-stigma","display_name":"disability stigma","score":0.9789999723434448},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/structural-discrimination","display_name":"structural discrimination","score":0.9990000128746033},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/lived-experience","display_name":"lived experience","score":0.6919999718666077},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/social-class","display_name":"social class","score":0.5740000009536743},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/access-to-education","display_name":"access to education","score":0.5149999856948853},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/employment-discrimination","display_name":"employment discrimination","score":0.7630000114440918},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/religious-exclusion","display_name":"religious exclusion","score":0.6050000190734863},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/social-integration","display_name":"social integration","score":0.49799999594688416},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/inclusive-society","display_name":"inclusive society","score":0.7710000276565552},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ghana","display_name":"Ghana","score":0.6840000152587891}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777617010","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q18957","display_name":"Mainstream","level":2,"score":0.8842289447784424},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C44725695","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q288156","display_name":"Normative","level":2,"score":0.7094433307647705},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C168285401","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1427245","display_name":"Stigma (botany)","level":2,"score":0.657252311706543},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779233565","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q241588","display_name":"Middle class","level":2,"score":0.5642431378364563},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144024400","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21201","display_name":"Sociology","level":0,"score":0.489022821187973},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50335755","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q483247","display_name":"Phenomenon","level":2,"score":0.4784017503261566},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C94625758","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7163","display_name":"Politics","level":2,"score":0.47115957736968994},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107993555","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1662673","display_name":"Gender studies","level":1,"score":0.46919772028923035},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780886532","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7625030","display_name":"Structural inequality","level":3,"score":0.41580504179000854},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77805123","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q161272","display_name":"Social psychology","level":1,"score":0.38968080282211304},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.36183038353919983},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.3226158320903778},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.13877242803573608},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111472728","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9471","display_name":"Epistemology","level":1,"score":0.11639571189880371},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C118552586","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7867","display_name":"Psychiatry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1080/23311886.2022.2084893","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1080/23311886.2022.2084893","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1080/23311886.2022.2084893","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2737998943","display_name":"Cogent Social Sciences","issn_l":"2331-1886","issn":["2331-1886"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","norway-1","poland-40","russia-white-list-2","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310311767","host_organization_name":"Cogent OA","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310311767"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Cogent OA"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Cogent Social Sciences","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:c7e712e98518480b940dce01b8041677","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/c7e712e98518480b940dce01b8041677","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Cogent Social Sciences, Vol 8, Iss 1 (2022)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1080/23311886.2022.2084893","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1080/23311886.2022.2084893","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1080/23311886.2022.2084893","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2737998943","display_name":"Cogent Social Sciences","issn_l":"2331-1886","issn":["2331-1886"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","norway-1","poland-40","russia-white-list-2","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310311767","host_organization_name":"Cogent OA","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310311767"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Cogent OA"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Cogent Social Sciences","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/10","display_name":"Reduced inequalities","score":1.0}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":102,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W592531878","https://openalex.org/W1482632434","https://openalex.org/W1493409099","https://openalex.org/W1494573670","https://openalex.org/W1504315361","https://openalex.org/W1529917071","https://openalex.org/W1534252215","https://openalex.org/W1588631528","https://openalex.org/W1594644314","https://openalex.org/W1608900642","https://openalex.org/W1725743013","https://openalex.org/W1966460656","https://openalex.org/W1992882388","https://openalex.org/W1993347753","https://openalex.org/W2000334953","https://openalex.org/W2000635291","https://openalex.org/W2003791132","https://openalex.org/W2010309682","https://openalex.org/W2016074424","https://openalex.org/W2019206303","https://openalex.org/W2023588371","https://openalex.org/W2025625015","https://openalex.org/W2031180581","https://openalex.org/W2033699362","https://openalex.org/W2037254553","https://openalex.org/W2040164629","https://openalex.org/W2040946514","https://openalex.org/W2046777982","https://openalex.org/W2047631683","https://openalex.org/W2053071235","https://openalex.org/W2059379276","https://openalex.org/W2061698597","https://openalex.org/W2075370782","https://openalex.org/W2079267960","https://openalex.org/W2080728530","https://openalex.org/W2082194182","https://openalex.org/W2082410146","https://openalex.org/W2083331462","https://openalex.org/W2084802756","https://openalex.org/W2088873751","https://openalex.org/W2089087184","https://openalex.org/W2091117904","https://openalex.org/W2093070014","https://openalex.org/W2099469245","https://openalex.org/W2106402678","https://openalex.org/W2112705497","https://openalex.org/W2114455522","https://openalex.org/W2115212032","https://openalex.org/W2115715337","https://openalex.org/W2116487032","https://openalex.org/W2116508177","https://openalex.org/W2123624971","https://openalex.org/W2125565590","https://openalex.org/W2138619651","https://openalex.org/W2144776767","https://openalex.org/W2148338744","https://openalex.org/W2149868499","https://openalex.org/W2155867133","https://openalex.org/W2157018858","https://openalex.org/W2162815524","https://openalex.org/W2163570523","https://openalex.org/W2163635890","https://openalex.org/W2165904867","https://openalex.org/W2167660407","https://openalex.org/W2308730512","https://openalex.org/W2316801994","https://openalex.org/W2318081293","https://openalex.org/W2327240909","https://openalex.org/W2409453759","https://openalex.org/W2518473027","https://openalex.org/W2550481594","https://openalex.org/W2600472834","https://openalex.org/W2693219685","https://openalex.org/W2751795862","https://openalex.org/W2755060429","https://openalex.org/W2757204663","https://openalex.org/W2789872676","https://openalex.org/W2790721564","https://openalex.org/W2791601219","https://openalex.org/W2803519477","https://openalex.org/W2894886481","https://openalex.org/W2898346645","https://openalex.org/W2911439198","https://openalex.org/W2913981317","https://openalex.org/W2918803642","https://openalex.org/W2971035958","https://openalex.org/W2971221463","https://openalex.org/W2999730320","https://openalex.org/W3004485169","https://openalex.org/W3005820355","https://openalex.org/W3085054062","https://openalex.org/W3122095878","https://openalex.org/W3123278255","https://openalex.org/W3126066800","https://openalex.org/W3181462087","https://openalex.org/W3217043955","https://openalex.org/W4213367093","https://openalex.org/W4251572375","https://openalex.org/W4315817451","https://openalex.org/W6640570669","https://openalex.org/W7005922941","https://openalex.org/W7074171812"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4307546193","https://openalex.org/W2954785179","https://openalex.org/W3092811716","https://openalex.org/W4327544953","https://openalex.org/W403563638","https://openalex.org/W2584122899","https://openalex.org/W2607529029","https://openalex.org/W7208801352","https://openalex.org/W4318815143","https://openalex.org/W3202902309"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Discrimination":[0],"against":[1,48],"persons":[2,64,109,169],"with":[3,65,110,170],"disability":[4,66,111,171],"is":[5,17,38,180],"not":[6,33,39,146],"just":[7],"a":[8,13],"relational":[9],"phenomenon.":[10],"It":[11],"has":[12],"structural":[14,57,99],"dimension":[15],"that":[16,167,190],"equally":[18],"oppressive.":[19],"Structural":[20,36],"discrimination":[21,31,37,58,100],"can":[22],"occur":[23],"even":[24],"in":[25,67,80,84,132],"places":[26,87],"and":[27,43,76,92,119,157,172,198],"instances":[28],"where":[29],"individual":[30],"may":[32],"be":[34,46,148],"present.":[35],"always":[40],"easily":[41],"noticeable":[42],"thus":[44],"cannot":[45],"legislated":[47],"easily.":[49],"This":[50],"study":[51],"explored":[52],"the":[53,93,103,123,181,184,193],"lived":[54],"experiences":[55,72,97],"of":[56,73,88,98,107,186,195],"as":[59,150],"experienced":[60],"by":[61],"16":[62],"middle-class":[63,108],"Ghana.":[68],"The":[69],"participants":[70],"shared":[71],"simultaneous":[74],"acceptance":[75],"limited":[77],"access":[78,154],"or":[79],"some":[81],"cases":[82],"rejection":[83],"educational":[85],"institutions,":[86],"work,":[89],"religious":[90],"spaces":[91,121],"service":[94],"industry.":[95],"These":[96],"happen":[101],"because":[102],"social":[104],"class":[105],"positions":[106],"qualify":[112],"them":[113],"to":[114,147,155,161,164],"enter":[115],"mainstream":[116,140,177],"social,":[117],"economic":[118],"political":[120],"but":[122],"stigma":[124],"which":[125],"their":[126,130,136,174],"impairments":[127],"elicit":[128],"compromises":[129],"identities":[131],"these":[133],"spaces,":[134],"making":[135],"full":[137],"integration":[138,175],"into":[139,176],"activities":[141],"challenging.":[142],"Corporeal":[143],"differences":[144],"ought":[145],"used":[149],"basis":[151],"for":[152,183],"denying":[153],"resources":[156],"opportunities.":[158],"Societies":[159],"have":[160],"consciously":[162],"work":[163],"identify":[165],"structures":[166,197],"oppress":[168],"inhibit":[173],"activities.":[178],"There":[179],"need":[182],"creation":[185],"an":[187],"inclusive":[188],"society":[189],"actively":[191],"pursues":[192],"dismantling":[194],"exclusionary":[196],"normative":[199],"systems":[200],"within":[201],"society.":[202]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":17},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":10},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-11-04T10:54:05.112534","created_date":"2022-07-10T00:00:00"}
