{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4283817675","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1609/aaai.v36i5.20460","title":"AutoCFR: Learning to Design Counterfactual Regret Minimization Algorithms","display_name":"AutoCFR: Learning to Design Counterfactual Regret Minimization Algorithms","publication_year":2022,"publication_date":"2022-06-28","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4283817675","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1609/aaai.v36i5.20460"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1609/aaai.v36i5.20460","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1609/aaai.v36i5.20460","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1609/aaai.v36i5.20460","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210191458","display_name":"Proceedings of the AAAI Conference on Artificial Intelligence","issn_l":"2159-5399","issn":["2159-5399","2374-3468"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":["jufo-2","norway-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320058","host_organization_name":"Association for the Advancement of Artificial Intelligence","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320058"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Association for the Advancement of Artificial Intelligence"],"type":"conference"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the AAAI Conference on Artificial Intelligence","raw_type":"journal-article"},"parent_works":[],"lineage":["https://openalex.org/W4283817675"],"child_works_count":0,"type":"conference-paper","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"diamond","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.1609/aaai.v36i5.20460","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5103179541","display_name":"Hang Xu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5580-0062","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5580-0062"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I19820366","display_name":"Chinese Academy of Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/034t30j35","country_code":"CN","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210112150","display_name":"Institute of Automation","ror":"https://ror.org/022c3hy66","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210112150"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210165038","display_name":"University of Chinese Academy of Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/05qbk4x57","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210165038"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hang Xu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute of Automation, Chinese Academy of Sciences\nSchool of Artificial Intelligence, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Automation, Chinese Academy of Sciences\nSchool of Artificial Intelligence, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210112150","https://openalex.org/I4210165038"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100399793","display_name":"Kai Li","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5436-4836","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5436-4836"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I19820366","display_name":"Chinese Academy of Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/034t30j35","country_code":"CN","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210112150","display_name":"Institute of Automation","ror":"https://ror.org/022c3hy66","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210112150"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210165038","display_name":"University of Chinese Academy of Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/05qbk4x57","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210165038"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Kai Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute of Automation, Chinese Academy of Sciences\nSchool of Artificial Intelligence, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Automation, Chinese Academy of Sciences\nSchool of Artificial Intelligence, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210112150","https://openalex.org/I4210165038"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5109476550","display_name":"Haobo Fu","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2250653659","display_name":"Tencent (China)","ror":"https://ror.org/00hhjss72","country_code":"CN","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2250653659"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Haobo Fu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Tencent AI Lab"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Tencent AI Lab","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2250653659"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Qiang Fu","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2250653659","display_name":"Tencent (China)","ror":"https://ror.org/00hhjss72","country_code":"CN","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2250653659"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Qiang Fu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Tencent AI Lab"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Tencent AI Lab","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2250653659"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5076090670","display_name":"Junliang Xing","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6801-0510","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6801-0510"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I19820366","display_name":"Chinese Academy of Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/034t30j35","country_code":"CN","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210112150","display_name":"Institute of Automation","ror":"https://ror.org/022c3hy66","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210112150"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210165038","display_name":"University of Chinese Academy of Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/05qbk4x57","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210165038"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I99065089","display_name":"Tsinghua University","ror":"https://ror.org/03cve4549","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I99065089"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Junliang Xing","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute of Automation, Chinese Academy of Sciences\nSchool of Artificial Intelligence, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences\nTsinghua University"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Automation, Chinese Academy of Sciences\nSchool of Artificial Intelligence, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences\nTsinghua University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210112150","https://openalex.org/I4210165038","https://openalex.org/I99065089"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.6286,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":8,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.68523785,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":88,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":"36","issue":"5","first_page":"5244","last_page":"5251"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11574","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence in Games","score":0.9711999893188477,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11574","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence in Games","score":0.9711999893188477,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11975","display_name":"Evolutionary Algorithms and Applications","score":0.026200000196695328,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10906","display_name":"AI-based Problem Solving and Planning","score":0.00039999998989515007,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/counterfactual-regret-minimization","display_name":"counterfactual regret minimization","score":0.9990000128746033},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/imperfect-information-games","display_name":"imperfect information games","score":0.8109999895095825},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/zero-sum-games","display_name":"zero-sum games","score":0.8180000185966492},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/meta-learning","display_name":"meta-learning","score":0.6060000061988831},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/convergence-rate","display_name":"convergence rate","score":0.5910000205039978}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7319101095199585},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C108650721","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1783253","display_name":"Counterfactual thinking","level":2,"score":0.6085795164108276},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50817715","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q79895177","display_name":"Regret","level":2,"score":0.5861025452613831},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C48044578","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q727490","display_name":"Scalability","level":2,"score":0.5724090933799744},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C165696696","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11287","display_name":"Exploit","level":2,"score":0.5061914324760437},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776760102","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5139990","display_name":"Code (set theory)","level":3,"score":0.4479580819606781},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.4400908946990967},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.4354105591773987},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126255220","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q141495","display_name":"Mathematical optimization","level":1,"score":0.35576048493385315},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.3271567225456238},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.14975270628929138},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77088390","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8513","display_name":"Database","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111472728","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9471","display_name":"Epistemology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177264268","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1514741","display_name":"Set (abstract data type)","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1609/aaai.v36i5.20460","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1609/aaai.v36i5.20460","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1609/aaai.v36i5.20460","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210191458","display_name":"Proceedings of the AAAI Conference on Artificial Intelligence","issn_l":"2159-5399","issn":["2159-5399","2374-3468"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":["jufo-2","norway-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320058","host_organization_name":"Association for the Advancement of Artificial Intelligence","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320058"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Association for the Advancement of Artificial Intelligence"],"type":"conference"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the AAAI Conference on Artificial Intelligence","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:ojs.aaai.org:article/20460","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://ojs.aaai.org/index.php/AAAI/article/view/20460","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400155","display_name":"AAAI Publications (The Association for the Advancement of Artificial Intelligence (AAAI))","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I2801652627","host_organization_name":"Association for the Advancement of Artificial Intelligence","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2801652627"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"2159-5399","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1609/aaai.v36i5.20460","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1609/aaai.v36i5.20460","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1609/aaai.v36i5.20460","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210191458","display_name":"Proceedings of the AAAI Conference on Artificial Intelligence","issn_l":"2159-5399","issn":["2159-5399","2374-3468"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":["jufo-2","norway-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320058","host_organization_name":"Association for the Advancement of Artificial Intelligence","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320058"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Association for the Advancement of Artificial Intelligence"],"type":"conference"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the AAAI Conference on Artificial Intelligence","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4403325431","https://openalex.org/W2890002687","https://openalex.org/W2996522042","https://openalex.org/W7138356815","https://openalex.org/W7111865576","https://openalex.org/W7138353505","https://openalex.org/W2187361797","https://openalex.org/W3203430416","https://openalex.org/W3109403864","https://openalex.org/W7138111523"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Counterfactual":[0],"regret":[1],"minimization":[2],"(CFR)":[3],"is":[4,100,165],"the":[5,40,44,87,128],"most":[6,48],"commonly":[7],"used":[8],"algorithm":[9,91,117,141],"to":[10,78,85,103,124,144],"approximately":[11],"solving":[12],"two-player":[13],"zero-sum":[14],"imperfect-information":[15],"games":[16],"(IIGs).":[17],"In":[18],"recent":[19],"years,":[20],"a":[21,68,96,113,119],"series":[22],"of":[23,43,49,71,89,121,131],"novel":[24,80,139],"CFR":[25,81,108,140,161],"variants":[26,52],"such":[27],"as":[28],"CFR+,":[29],"Linear":[30],"CFR,":[31],"DCFR":[32],"have":[33,37],"been":[34],"proposed":[35],"and":[36,59,73,151],"significantly":[38],"improved":[39],"convergence":[41],"rate":[42],"vanilla":[45],"CFR.":[46],"However,":[47],"these":[50],"new":[51,145],"are":[53],"hand-designed":[54,107],"by":[55,134],"researchers":[56],"through":[57,83],"trial":[58],"error":[60],"based":[61],"on":[62,153],"different":[63],"motivations,":[64],"which":[65],"generally":[66],"requires":[67],"tremendous":[69],"amount":[70],"efforts":[72],"insights.":[74],"This":[75],"work":[76],"proposes":[77],"meta-learn":[79],"algorithms":[82,132],"evolution":[84,116],"ease":[86],"burden":[88],"manual":[90],"design.":[92],"We":[93,110],"first":[94],"design":[95],"search":[97,126],"language":[98],"that":[99],"rich":[101],"enough":[102],"represent":[104],"many":[105],"existing":[106,159],"variants.":[109,162],"then":[111],"exploit":[112],"scalable":[114],"regularized":[115],"with":[118,155],"bag":[120],"acceleration":[122],"techniques":[123],"efficiently":[125],"over":[127],"combinatorial":[129],"space":[130],"defined":[133],"this":[135],"language.":[136],"The":[137,163],"learned":[138],"can":[142],"generalize":[143],"IIGs":[146],"not":[147],"seen":[148],"during":[149],"training":[150],"performs":[152],"par":[154],"or":[156],"better":[157],"than":[158],"state-of-the-art":[160],"code":[164],"available":[166],"at":[167],"https://github.com/rpSebastian/AutoCFR.":[168]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-11-09T13:22:03.289127","created_date":"2022-07-06T00:00:00"}