{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4283779543","doi":"https://doi.org/10.5603/dk.a2022.0018","title":"The Implication of Time-in-Range for the Management of Diabetes in India: A Narrative Review","display_name":"The Implication of Time-in-Range for the Management of Diabetes in India: A Narrative Review","publication_year":2022,"publication_date":"2022-06-30","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4283779543","doi":"https://doi.org/10.5603/dk.a2022.0018"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.5603/dk.a2022.0018","doi":"https://doi.org/10.5603/dk.a2022.0018","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.5603/dk.a2022.0018","pdf_url":"https://journals.viamedica.pl/clinical_diabetology/article/download/DK.a2022.0018/66906","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2738655703","display_name":"Clinical Diabetology","issn_l":"2299-2529","issn":["2299-2529","2084-4441","2450-7458","2450-8187"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","poland-100","poland-20","russia-white-list-4"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320293","host_organization_name":"Via Medica","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320293"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Via Medica"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Clinical Diabetology","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"review","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"diamond","oa_url":"https://journals.viamedica.pl/clinical_diabetology/article/download/DK.a2022.0018/66906","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5109912173","display_name":"Sudhir Tripathi","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210113434","display_name":"Sir Ganga Ram Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/01x18vk56","country_code":"IN","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210113434"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sudhir Tripathi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Sir Gangaram Hospital, New Delhi, India"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Sir Gangaram Hospital, New Delhi, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210113434"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5023953707","display_name":"Sushil Jindal","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8858-0641","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8858-0641"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sushil Jindal","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Endocrinology, People\u2019s College of Medical Sciences and Research Centre, Bophal, India"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Endocrinology, People\u2019s College of Medical Sciences and Research Centre, Bophal, India","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5021017977","display_name":"Manoj S Chawla","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0436-3266","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0436-3266"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Manoj Chawla","raw_affiliation_strings":["Lina Diabetes Care Centre, Andheri West, Mumbai, India"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Lina Diabetes Care Centre, Andheri West, Mumbai, India","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5000504488","display_name":"Arvind Gupta","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9828-8732","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9828-8732"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Arvind Gupta","raw_affiliation_strings":["Rajasthan Hospital, Jaipur, India"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Rajasthan Hospital, Jaipur, India","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5104096883","display_name":"Sujeet Kumar Jha","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2802464703","display_name":"Max Super Speciality Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/00e7r7m66","country_code":"IN","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2802464703","https://openalex.org/I307255591"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I307255591","display_name":"Max Healthcare","ror":"https://ror.org/02vdjrg05","country_code":"IN","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I307255591"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sujeet Jha","raw_affiliation_strings":["Max Hospital, Saket, New Delhi, India"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Max Hospital, Saket, New Delhi, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2802464703","https://openalex.org/I307255591"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5027052370","display_name":"Uday Phadke","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210163767","display_name":"Sahyadri Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/053kxry22","country_code":"IN","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210163767"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Uday Phadke","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Sahyadri Hospitals, Pune, India"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Sahyadri Hospitals, Pune, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210163767"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5036077500","display_name":"Tejal Bipin Lathia","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4481-6197","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4481-6197"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210153334","display_name":"Fortis Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/04g9pp561","country_code":"IN","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210153334"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Tejal Lathia","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Endocrinology, Apollo Hospitals and Fortis Hospital, Mumbai, India"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Endocrinology, Apollo Hospitals and Fortis Hospital, Mumbai, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210153334"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.1286,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":4,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.14981949,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":88,"max":95},"biblio":{"volume":"11","issue":"3","first_page":"192","last_page":"199"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10560","display_name":"Diabetes Management and Research","score":0.9984999895095825,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2712","display_name":"Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10560","display_name":"Diabetes Management and Research","score":0.9984999895095825,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2712","display_name":"Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10401","display_name":"Diabetes Treatment and Management","score":0.000699999975040555,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2712","display_name":"Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10793","display_name":"Diabetes Management and Education","score":0.00019999999494757503,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2712","display_name":"Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/time-in-range","display_name":"time in range","score":0.9390000104904175},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/continuous-glucose-monitoring","display_name":"continuous glucose monitoring","score":0.9990000128746033},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/diabetes-management","display_name":"diabetes management","score":0.925000011920929},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/glycemic-variability","display_name":"glycemic variability","score":0.800000011920929},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/type-1-diabetes","display_name":"type 1 diabetes","score":0.7699999809265137},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/type-2-diabetes","display_name":"type 2 diabetes","score":1.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hypoglycemia","display_name":"hypoglycemia","score":0.9350000023841858},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hyperglycemia","display_name":"hyperglycemia","score":0.9670000076293945},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/glycemic-control","display_name":"glycemic control","score":0.8410000205039978},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/diabetes-complications","display_name":"diabetes complications","score":0.6169999837875366},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/insulin-therapy","display_name":"insulin therapy","score":0.6190000176429749}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777580121","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5450300","display_name":"Fingerstick","level":3,"score":0.8694171905517578},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.7984092235565186},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2986379492","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1638492","display_name":"Continuous glucose monitoring","level":4,"score":0.74162358045578},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780668416","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q202758","display_name":"Hypoglycemia","level":3,"score":0.7149968147277832},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780473172","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5572518","display_name":"Glycemic","level":3,"score":0.6098545789718628},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177713679","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q679690","display_name":"Intensive care medicine","level":1,"score":0.5659672021865845},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C555293320","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12206","display_name":"Diabetes mellitus","level":2,"score":0.48654642701148987},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3020000205","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2412849","display_name":"Narrative review","level":2,"score":0.45194485783576965},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2908918659","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4927806","display_name":"Blood Glucose Self-Monitoring","level":5,"score":0.4325041174888611},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134018914","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q162606","display_name":"Endocrinology","level":1,"score":0.14822372794151306}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.5603/dk.a2022.0018","doi":"https://doi.org/10.5603/dk.a2022.0018","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.5603/dk.a2022.0018","pdf_url":"https://journals.viamedica.pl/clinical_diabetology/article/download/DK.a2022.0018/66906","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2738655703","display_name":"Clinical Diabetology","issn_l":"2299-2529","issn":["2299-2529","2084-4441","2450-7458","2450-8187"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","poland-100","poland-20","russia-white-list-4"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320293","host_organization_name":"Via Medica","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320293"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Via Medica"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Clinical Diabetology","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:d82b398fd83647989c8b8e3d17e1e5d0","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/d82b398fd83647989c8b8e3d17e1e5d0","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Clinical Diabetology, Vol 11, Iss 3 (2022)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.5603/dk.a2022.0018","doi":"https://doi.org/10.5603/dk.a2022.0018","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.5603/dk.a2022.0018","pdf_url":"https://journals.viamedica.pl/clinical_diabetology/article/download/DK.a2022.0018/66906","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2738655703","display_name":"Clinical Diabetology","issn_l":"2299-2529","issn":["2299-2529","2084-4441","2450-7458","2450-8187"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","poland-100","poland-20","russia-white-list-4"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320293","host_organization_name":"Via Medica","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320293"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Via Medica"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Clinical Diabetology","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Good health and well-being","score":0.9922999739646912,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322436","display_name":"Novo Nordisk","ror":"https://ror.org/0435rc536"}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4283779543.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4283779543.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":28,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2120920959","https://openalex.org/W2157171193","https://openalex.org/W2159732705","https://openalex.org/W2278129565","https://openalex.org/W2518284272","https://openalex.org/W2558617381","https://openalex.org/W2563731248","https://openalex.org/W2581151970","https://openalex.org/W2765734264","https://openalex.org/W2769674107","https://openalex.org/W2770616601","https://openalex.org/W2840526454","https://openalex.org/W2891930016","https://openalex.org/W2895746197","https://openalex.org/W2897457722","https://openalex.org/W2900656632","https://openalex.org/W2948261890","https://openalex.org/W2949826262","https://openalex.org/W2974891484","https://openalex.org/W2980504334","https://openalex.org/W2987603677","https://openalex.org/W2996137808","https://openalex.org/W3000563589","https://openalex.org/W3029240142","https://openalex.org/W3044170124","https://openalex.org/W3085457927","https://openalex.org/W3186539542","https://openalex.org/W4235479662"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4318220309","https://openalex.org/W2987603677","https://openalex.org/W3202634338","https://openalex.org/W3207341237","https://openalex.org/W4392136197","https://openalex.org/W4399042274","https://openalex.org/W3121880147","https://openalex.org/W7162198204","https://openalex.org/W4283265753","https://openalex.org/W3194975755"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Introduction:":[0],"In":[1],"recent":[2],"times,":[3],"traditional":[4,27],"self-monitoring":[5],"of":[6,25,36,47,53,112,122,127,133,155,168,190,201,209,228,236,247,287,296],"blood":[7,281],"glucose":[8,18,32,41,282],"(SMBG)":[9],"using":[10,210],"fingerstick":[11],"capillary":[12],"samples":[13],"is":[14,94,98,119,162,174,196,214,302],"moving":[15],"to":[16,22,61,69,75,102,165,217,289,312,315],"continuous":[17],"monitoring":[19],"(CGM)":[20],"due":[21],"inherent":[23],"limitations":[24],"the":[26,76,109,113,125,134,166,187,197,203,207,218,222,226,240,252],"methods.":[28],"CGM":[29,82,115,151,173,211,255,288,310],"displays":[30],"current":[31],"level,":[33],"trends,":[34],"rate":[35],"change,":[37],"time-in-range":[38],"(TIR),":[39],"and":[40,55,79,107,138,143,152,170,180,182,199,239,249,294,300,307,324],"variability":[42],"(GV)":[43],"over":[44],"a":[45,71,120,131,148],"period":[46],"several":[48],"days.":[49],"It":[50,65,97],"detects":[51],"episodes":[52],"hyperglycemia":[54,268],"hypoglycemia,":[56,270,272,274,276],"which":[57],"allows":[58,67],"immediate":[59],"response":[60,74],"prevent":[62],"these":[63],"episodes.":[64],"also":[66],"physicians":[68,316],"provide":[70],"personalized":[72],"glycemic":[73,292],"patients.":[77,159],"Materials":[78],"methods:":[80],"Though":[81],"systems":[83],"have":[84],"been":[85],"available":[86],"for":[87,100,147,150,225,259],"more":[88],"than":[89],"20":[90],"years,":[91],"their":[92],"use":[93,189],"quite":[95],"low.":[96],"challenging":[99],"clinicians":[101],"invest":[103],"time":[104],"in":[105,157,212,230,251,298],"learning":[106],"understanding":[108],"diverse":[110],"reports":[111],"various":[114],"devices.":[116],"Moreover,":[117],"there":[118,195],"lack":[121],"consensus":[123,179],"on":[124,309,326],"frequency":[126,154],"TIR":[128,161],"measurement.":[129],"Hence.":[130],"review":[132],"literature":[135],"was":[136],"performed":[137],"existing":[139],"guidelines":[140],"from":[141],"India":[142,231,237],"abroad":[144],"were":[145],"reviewed":[146],"need":[149],"its":[153],"measurements":[156],"DM":[158],"Results:":[160],"inversely":[163],"correlated":[164],"risk":[167],"microvascular":[169],"macrovascular":[171],"complications.":[172],"recommended":[175],"by":[176,221,243],"expert":[177,245],"clinician":[178],"national":[181],"international":[183],"medical":[184],"organizations.":[185],"For":[186],"patients":[188,260,320],"CGMs":[191],"involves":[192],"cost.":[193],"Besides,":[194],"discomfort":[198],"inconvenience":[200],"wearing":[202],"device.":[204],"Hence,":[205],"defining":[206],"implications":[208],"practice":[213],"important.":[215],"According":[216],"2020":[219],"recommendations":[220,242],"Research":[223],"Society":[224,235],"Study":[227],"Diabetes":[229,264],"(RSSDI)":[232],"\u2014":[233],"Endocrine":[234],"(ESI)":[238],"2019":[241],"an":[244],"group":[246],"endocrinologists":[248],"diabetologists,":[250],"Indian":[253],"context,":[254],"could":[256],"be":[257,313],"suggested":[258],"with":[261,321],"Type":[262],"2":[263],"who":[265],"encounter":[266],"severe":[267],"or":[269,279],"repeated":[271],"asymptomatic":[273],"nocturnal":[275],"refractory":[277],"hyperglycemia,":[278],"large":[280],"excursions.":[283],"Conclusions:":[284],"The":[285],"role":[286],"achieve":[290],"better":[291],"control":[293],"prevention":[295],"complications":[297],"T1D":[299],"T2D":[301],"well":[303,318],"established.":[304],"Significant":[305],"education":[306],"awareness":[308],"needs":[311],"provided":[314],"as":[317,319],"high":[322],"GV":[323],"those":[325],"insulin":[327],"therapy.":[328]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-11-10T11:39:43.021295","created_date":"2022-07-03T00:00:00"}
