{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4283755147","doi":"https://doi.org/10.31841/kjems.2022.119","title":"Exploring Business Process Re-Engineering (BPR) Efforts in Afghanistan s Public Sector -A Case Study of the National Examination Authority (NExA)","display_name":"Exploring Business Process Re-Engineering (BPR) Efforts in Afghanistan s Public Sector -A Case Study of the National Examination Authority (NExA)","publication_year":2022,"publication_date":"2022-06-25","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4283755147","doi":"https://doi.org/10.31841/kjems.2022.119"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.31841/kjems.2022.119","doi":"https://doi.org/10.31841/kjems.2022.119","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.31841/kjems.2022.119","pdf_url":"https://kardan.edu.af/data/public/files/KJEMS- 5.2-2022-042. final docx02072022054254.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210215233","display_name":"Kardan Journal of Economics and Manangement Sciences","issn_l":"2616-3950","issn":["2616-3950"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I3131024953","host_organization_name":"Kardan University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I3131024953"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Kardan Journal of Economics and Manangement Sciences","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"bronze","oa_url":"https://kardan.edu.af/data/public/files/KJEMS- 5.2-2022-042. final docx02072022054254.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5067598460","display_name":"Jawad Mansoor","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I3131024953","display_name":"Kardan University","ror":"https://ror.org/04vts6h49","country_code":"AF","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I3131024953"]}],"countries":["AF"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jawad Mansoor","raw_affiliation_strings":["Kardan University Kardan Publications Kabul , Afghanistan"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Kardan University Kardan Publications Kabul , Afghanistan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I3131024953"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5003088922","display_name":"Muhammad Shahid Shams","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2956-2464","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2956-2464"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Muhammad Shahid Shams","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2956-2464","affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5014420243","display_name":"Ghulam Farooq Mansoor","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7893-9673","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7893-9673"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ghulam Farooq Mansoor","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.0,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12687","display_name":"Public Administration in Developing Nations","score":0.5234000086784363,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3320","display_name":"Political Science and International Relations"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12687","display_name":"Public Administration in Developing Nations","score":0.5234000086784363,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3320","display_name":"Political Science and International Relations"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10703","display_name":"Business Process Modeling and Analysis","score":0.21899999678134918,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1404","display_name":"Management Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/14","display_name":"Business, Management and Accounting"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10953","display_name":"E-Government and Public Services","score":0.12269999831914902,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3320","display_name":"Political Science and International Relations"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/business-process-reengineering","display_name":"business process reengineering","score":0.9879999756813049},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/public-sector-reform","display_name":"public sector reform","score":0.9919999837875366},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/afghanistan","display_name":"Afghanistan","score":0.8510000109672546},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/anti-corruption","display_name":"anti-corruption","score":0.6869999766349792},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/transparency","display_name":"transparency","score":0.5730000138282776},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/examination-process","display_name":"examination process","score":0.5410000085830688},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/resistance-to-change","display_name":"resistance to change","score":0.6669999957084656},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bureaucracy","display_name":"bureaucracy","score":0.9139999747276306},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/merit-based-recruitment","display_name":"merit-based recruitment","score":0.843999981880188},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/leadership","display_name":"leadership","score":0.6639999747276306},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/public-service-delivery","display_name":"public service delivery","score":0.5799999833106995}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C29143872","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q876690","display_name":"Business process reengineering","level":3,"score":0.741070032119751},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C147859227","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q294217","display_name":"Public sector","level":2,"score":0.6065298318862915},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780233690","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q535347","display_name":"Transparency (behavior)","level":2,"score":0.6062719821929932},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C85345410","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q851587","display_name":"Business process","level":3,"score":0.5169264674186707},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780027415","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q524648","display_name":"Language change","level":2,"score":0.4826829731464386},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C98045186","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q205663","display_name":"Process (computing)","level":2,"score":0.4798019230365753},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C51575053","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q72468","display_name":"Bureaucracy","level":3,"score":0.4745515286922455},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144133560","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4830453","display_name":"Business","level":0,"score":0.4712831377983093},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C195094911","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14167904","display_name":"Process management","level":1,"score":0.44030168652534485},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39549134","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q133080","display_name":"Public relations","level":1,"score":0.4022215008735657},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C94625758","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7163","display_name":"Politics","level":2,"score":0.2923111319541931},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162853370","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q39809","display_name":"Marketing","level":1,"score":0.2764449715614319},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.2704339623451233},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C174998907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q357662","display_name":"Work in process","level":2,"score":0.12314477562904358},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.11904549598693848},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C137335462","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q380772","display_name":"Lean manufacturing","level":2,"score":0.09786093235015869},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142362112","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q735","display_name":"Art","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124952713","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8242","display_name":"Literature","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.31841/kjems.2022.119","doi":"https://doi.org/10.31841/kjems.2022.119","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.31841/kjems.2022.119","pdf_url":"https://kardan.edu.af/data/public/files/KJEMS- 5.2-2022-042. final docx02072022054254.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210215233","display_name":"Kardan Journal of Economics and Manangement Sciences","issn_l":"2616-3950","issn":["2616-3950"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I3131024953","host_organization_name":"Kardan University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I3131024953"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Kardan Journal of Economics and Manangement Sciences","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.31841/kjems.2022.119","doi":"https://doi.org/10.31841/kjems.2022.119","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.31841/kjems.2022.119","pdf_url":"https://kardan.edu.af/data/public/files/KJEMS- 5.2-2022-042. final docx02072022054254.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210215233","display_name":"Kardan Journal of Economics and Manangement Sciences","issn_l":"2616-3950","issn":["2616-3950"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I3131024953","host_organization_name":"Kardan University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I3131024953"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Kardan Journal of Economics and Manangement Sciences","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.8046000003814697,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/16","display_name":"Peace, justice, and strong institutions"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4283755147.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4283755147.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":40,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W112475697","https://openalex.org/W657165158","https://openalex.org/W1809943226","https://openalex.org/W1967004991","https://openalex.org/W1984544738","https://openalex.org/W1989980410","https://openalex.org/W2003207753","https://openalex.org/W2005497495","https://openalex.org/W2011038854","https://openalex.org/W2057724496","https://openalex.org/W2063246488","https://openalex.org/W2099851726","https://openalex.org/W2122137068","https://openalex.org/W2131718280","https://openalex.org/W2142612646","https://openalex.org/W2158663583","https://openalex.org/W2172246398","https://openalex.org/W2242911634","https://openalex.org/W2322163974","https://openalex.org/W2329892679","https://openalex.org/W2482203237","https://openalex.org/W2509472274","https://openalex.org/W2560532882","https://openalex.org/W2617510991","https://openalex.org/W2648395559","https://openalex.org/W2734483109","https://openalex.org/W2767749341","https://openalex.org/W2801866174","https://openalex.org/W2801954585","https://openalex.org/W2889749365","https://openalex.org/W2892989470","https://openalex.org/W2900406860","https://openalex.org/W2944506276","https://openalex.org/W2979426818","https://openalex.org/W2981319302","https://openalex.org/W3085027364","https://openalex.org/W3134060356","https://openalex.org/W3150204118","https://openalex.org/W4247330871","https://openalex.org/W6884955913"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W7214136769","https://openalex.org/W6949829599","https://openalex.org/W2560532882","https://openalex.org/W2003207753","https://openalex.org/W7135257132","https://openalex.org/W7212233429","https://openalex.org/W4389428733","https://openalex.org/W2319465925","https://openalex.org/W2461889444","https://openalex.org/W2063740002"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"\u200e\u200e":[0],"Recently":[1],"the":[2,50,58,78,81,88,94,105,109,133,138,161,172,180,185],"public":[3,186],"sector":[4,60,187],"of":[5,10,28,44,52,80,90,104,117,176,179],"Afghanistan":[6],"made":[7,31],"a":[8,36,64,70,102],"series":[9],"reforms":[11,33],"to":[12,48,151],"improve":[13],"its":[14],"service":[15],"delivery":[16],"\u200eand":[17],"eliminate":[18],"widespread":[19],"corruption.":[20],"The":[21,41,67],"National":[22],"Examination":[23],"Authority":[24],"(NExA)":[25],"being":[26],"one":[27],"\u200ethem":[29],"has":[30,112],"dramatic":[32],"aiming":[34],"for":[35,163,171],"corruption-free":[37],"and":[38,85,121,147,153,158,190],"transparent":[39],"process.":[40,139],"main":[42,134],"\u200epurpose":[43],"this":[45,97],"study":[46,68,82,98,125,167],"is":[47,83],"explore":[49],"efforts":[51],"Business":[53],"Process":[54],"Re-engineering":[55],"(BPR)":[56],"in":[57,115,137,174,184],"\u200epublic":[59],"using":[61],"NExA":[62],"as":[63,87,101],"case":[65],"study.":[66],"adopted":[69],"qualitative":[71],"methodology,":[72],"with":[73],"an":[74],"\u200einductive":[75],"approach,":[76],"while":[77],"philosophy":[79],"interpretivism":[84],"organization":[86],"\u200eunit":[89],"analysis.":[91],"Based":[92],"on":[93],"in-depth":[95],"interviews,":[96],"found":[99,127],"that":[100,128],"result":[103],"\u200ebusiness":[106,181],"process":[107,111,182],"reforms,":[108],"examination":[110],"improved":[113],"vastly":[114],"terms":[116,175],"transparency,":[118],"\u200ecost,":[119],"efficiency,":[120],"citizen":[122],"happiness.":[123],"This":[124,166],"also,":[126],"Information":[129],"Technology":[130],"(IT)":[131],"\u200eplayed":[132],"enabler":[135],"role":[136],"Other":[140],"enablers":[141],"were":[142,160],"sound":[143],"leadership,":[144],"teamwork,":[145],"\u200epolitical":[146],"financial":[148],"support,":[149],"commitment":[150],"change,":[152],"merit-based":[154],"recruitment.":[155],"Resistance,":[156],"\u200ebureaucracy":[157],"insecurity":[159],"constraints":[162],"BPR":[164],"implementation.":[165],"further":[168],"\u200eprovides":[169],"recommendations":[170],"policymakers":[173],"smooth":[177],"implementation":[178],"re-engineering":[183],"organization.":[188],"Limitations":[189],"future":[191],"\u200eimplications":[192],"are":[193],"also":[194],"discussed.\u200e\u200e":[195]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-11-04T10:54:05.112534","created_date":"2022-07-02T00:00:00"}
