{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4283750153","doi":"https://doi.org/10.17718/tojde.1137208","title":"EMERGENCY DISTANCE EDUCATION DURING THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC: A QUALITATIVE RESEARCH FROM A SPECIAL EDUCATION PERSPECTIVE","display_name":"EMERGENCY DISTANCE EDUCATION DURING THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC: A QUALITATIVE RESEARCH FROM A SPECIAL EDUCATION PERSPECTIVE","publication_year":2022,"publication_date":"2022-07-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4283750153","doi":"https://doi.org/10.17718/tojde.1137208"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.17718/tojde.1137208","doi":"https://doi.org/10.17718/tojde.1137208","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.17718/tojde.1137208","pdf_url":"https://dergipark.org.tr/en/download/article-file/2512861","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2738945537","display_name":"Turkish Online Journal of Distance Education","issn_l":"1302-6488","issn":["1302-6488","1309-4564"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","poland-40","russia-white-list-2"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310318332","host_organization_name":"Anadolu University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310318332"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Anadolu University"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Turkish Online Journal of Distance Education","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"diamond","oa_url":"https://dergipark.org.tr/en/download/article-file/2512861","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5023242150","display_name":"Ay\u015feg\u00fcl P\u00fcrbudak","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7064-0263","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7064-0263"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I121596126","display_name":"Aksaray University","ror":"https://ror.org/026db3d50","country_code":"TR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I121596126"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I149218525","display_name":"Ankara University","ror":"https://ror.org/01wntqw50","country_code":"TR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I149218525"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210155103","display_name":"Ostim Technical University","ror":"https://ror.org/049xhb141","country_code":"TR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210155103"]}],"countries":["TR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Aysegul PURBUDAK","raw_affiliation_strings":["AKSARAY UNIVERSITY","Computer Education and Instructional Technology Ankara University Ankara, TURKIYE","Computer Technology OSTIM Technical University Ankara, TURKIYE","Distance Education Application and Research Center Aksaray University Aksaray, TURKIYE"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7064-0263","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"AKSARAY UNIVERSITY","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I121596126"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Computer Education and Instructional Technology Ankara University Ankara, TURKIYE","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I149218525"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Computer Technology OSTIM Technical University Ankara, TURKIYE","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210155103"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Distance Education Application and Research Center Aksaray University Aksaray, TURKIYE","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I121596126"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5031879221","display_name":"Mutluhan YILMAZ","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4341-4196","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4341-4196"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I121596126","display_name":"Aksaray University","ror":"https://ror.org/026db3d50","country_code":"TR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I121596126"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I149218525","display_name":"Ankara University","ror":"https://ror.org/01wntqw50","country_code":"TR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I149218525"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210155103","display_name":"Ostim Technical University","ror":"https://ror.org/049xhb141","country_code":"TR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210155103"]}],"countries":["TR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mutluhan YILMAZ","raw_affiliation_strings":["OSTIM TECHNICAL UNIVERSITY","Computer Education and Instructional Technology Ankara University Ankara, TURKIYE","Computer Technology OSTIM Technical University Ankara, TURKIYE","Distance Education Application and Research Center Aksaray University Aksaray, TURKIYE"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4341-4196","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"OSTIM TECHNICAL UNIVERSITY","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210155103"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Computer Education and Instructional Technology Ankara University Ankara, TURKIYE","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I149218525"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Computer Technology OSTIM Technical University Ankara, TURKIYE","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210155103"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Distance Education Application and Research Center Aksaray University Aksaray, TURKIYE","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I121596126"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5046490670","display_name":"\u00d6zlem \u00c7ak\u0131r","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7306-5820","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7306-5820"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I121596126","display_name":"Aksaray University","ror":"https://ror.org/026db3d50","country_code":"TR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I121596126"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I149218525","display_name":"Ankara University","ror":"https://ror.org/01wntqw50","country_code":"TR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I149218525"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210155103","display_name":"Ostim Technical University","ror":"https://ror.org/049xhb141","country_code":"TR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210155103"]}],"countries":["TR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ozlem CAKIR","raw_affiliation_strings":["ANKARA UNIVERSITY","Computer Education and Instructional Technology Ankara University Ankara, TURKIYE","Computer Technology OSTIM Technical University Ankara, TURKIYE","Distance Education Application and Research Center Aksaray University Aksaray, TURKIYE"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7306-5820","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"ANKARA UNIVERSITY","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I149218525"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Computer Education and Instructional Technology Ankara University Ankara, TURKIYE","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I149218525"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Computer Technology OSTIM Technical University Ankara, TURKIYE","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210155103"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Distance Education Application and Research Center Aksaray University Aksaray, TURKIYE","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I121596126"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":2.1806,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":9,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.87898915,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":93,"max":96},"biblio":{"volume":"23","issue":"3","first_page":"86","last_page":"102"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13084","display_name":"Education during COVID-19 pandemic","score":0.9848999977111816,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3304","display_name":"Education"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13084","display_name":"Education during COVID-19 pandemic","score":0.9848999977111816,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3304","display_name":"Education"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11101","display_name":"Online Learning Methods and Innovations","score":0.010200000368058681,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3304","display_name":"Education"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12395","display_name":"Educational Innovations and Technology","score":0.00279999990016222,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3304","display_name":"Education"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/distance-education","display_name":"distance education","score":0.8040000200271606},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/covid-19","display_name":"COVID-19 pandemic","score":0.9639999866485596},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/special-education","display_name":"special education","score":0.9620000123977661},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/special-needs-students","display_name":"special needs students","score":0.902999997138977},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/special-education-teachers","display_name":"special education teachers","score":0.9819999933242798},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/teacher-challenges","display_name":"teacher challenges","score":0.6019999980926514},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/accessibility","display_name":"accessibility","score":0.5889999866485596},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/inclusive-education","display_name":"inclusive education","score":0.8029999732971191},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/family-involvement","display_name":"family involvement","score":0.5609999895095825},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/online-learning-platforms","display_name":"online learning platforms","score":0.6510000228881836}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C28858896","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q212105","display_name":"Special education","level":2,"score":0.6491395235061646},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C503872463","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q159595","display_name":"Distance education","level":2,"score":0.5767598748207092},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C190248442","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q839486","display_name":"Qualitative research","level":2,"score":0.5560207962989807},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C98045186","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q205663","display_name":"Process (computing)","level":2,"score":0.5071744918823242},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C109359841","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q728944","display_name":"Inclusion (mineral)","level":2,"score":0.4837058186531067},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778012447","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1034415","display_name":"Scope (computer science)","level":2,"score":0.48355910181999207},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.45488643646240234},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C19417346","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7922","display_name":"Pedagogy","level":1,"score":0.42382386326789856},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C12713177","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1900281","display_name":"Perspective (graphical)","level":2,"score":0.4187781512737274},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C145420912","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q853077","display_name":"Mathematics education","level":1,"score":0.41437873244285583},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144024400","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21201","display_name":"Sociology","level":0,"score":0.40652257204055786},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C509550671","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q126945","display_name":"Medical education","level":1,"score":0.35434669256210327},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.18501931428909302},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.17667382955551147},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C36289849","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q34749","display_name":"Social science","level":1,"score":0.14198514819145203},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77805123","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q161272","display_name":"Social psychology","level":1,"score":0.12591376900672913},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.17718/tojde.1137208","doi":"https://doi.org/10.17718/tojde.1137208","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.17718/tojde.1137208","pdf_url":"https://dergipark.org.tr/en/download/article-file/2512861","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2738945537","display_name":"Turkish Online Journal of Distance Education","issn_l":"1302-6488","issn":["1302-6488","1309-4564"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","poland-40","russia-white-list-2"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310318332","host_organization_name":"Anadolu University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310318332"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Anadolu University"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Turkish Online Journal of Distance Education","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:dergipark.org.tr:article/1137208","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://dergipark.org.tr/tr/pub/tojde/issue/70682/1137208","pdf_url":"https://dergipark.org.tr/tr/pub/tojde/issue/70682/1137208","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2738945537","display_name":"Turkish Online Journal of Distance Education","issn_l":"1302-6488","issn":["1302-6488","1309-4564"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","poland-40","russia-white-list-2"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310318332","host_organization_name":"Anadolu University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310318332"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Anadolu University"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Turkish Online Journal of Distance Education","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:eprints.ucl.ac.uk.OAI2:10159225","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/id/eprint/10159225/","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400024","display_name":"UCL Discovery (University College London)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I45129253","host_organization_name":"University College London","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I45129253"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Turkish Online Journal of Distance Education , 23 (3) pp. 86-102. (2022)","raw_type":"Article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.17718/tojde.1137208","doi":"https://doi.org/10.17718/tojde.1137208","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.17718/tojde.1137208","pdf_url":"https://dergipark.org.tr/en/download/article-file/2512861","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2738945537","display_name":"Turkish Online Journal of Distance Education","issn_l":"1302-6488","issn":["1302-6488","1309-4564"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","poland-40","russia-white-list-2"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310318332","host_organization_name":"Anadolu University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310318332"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Anadolu University"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Turkish Online Journal of Distance Education","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/4","score":0.9901999831199646,"display_name":"Quality education"},{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/10","score":0.7578999996185303,"display_name":"Reduced inequalities"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4283750153.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4283750153.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":8,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2937493216","https://openalex.org/W3013689518","https://openalex.org/W3037269613","https://openalex.org/W3082781938","https://openalex.org/W3084242149","https://openalex.org/W3093550164","https://openalex.org/W4234055129","https://openalex.org/W6756715565"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4296376857","https://openalex.org/W4313131642","https://openalex.org/W4310771203","https://openalex.org/W3159808450","https://openalex.org/W4312440890","https://openalex.org/W6892550261","https://openalex.org/W3046858975","https://openalex.org/W7135869853","https://openalex.org/W4205135909","https://openalex.org/W7124462330"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"It":[0],"is":[1,39,85],"a":[2,28,43,133,264,272],"fact":[3],"that":[4,50,166,212],"the":[5,11,16,40,61,65,80,83,88,109,112,116,119,154,160,169,179,193,217,228,245,282],"world":[6],"was":[7,34,64,105,185],"caught":[8],"unprepared":[9],"for":[10,27,210,226,233,238],"Covid-19":[12],"outbreak.":[13],"Especially":[14],"when":[15],"epidemic":[17],"broke":[18],"out":[19,107],"in":[20,100,172,216,244,268],"many":[21,55],"countries,":[22],"educational":[23],"activities":[24],"were":[25,125,130,140,147,201],"suspended":[26],"while,":[29],"and":[30,73,96,127,144,192,232,286],"then":[31],"distance":[32,180,218,246],"education":[33,72,75,98,123,163,181,205,213,219,243,247],"started.":[35],"Since":[36],"this":[37,78,101,269],"process":[38,248,270],"result":[41],"of":[42,67,82,111,118,153,289],"sudden":[44],"transition,":[45],"it":[46,51,54],"has":[47],"been":[48],"seen":[49],"brings":[52],"with":[53,93,132,174,281],"difficulties.":[56],"Among":[57],"these":[58],"difficulties,":[59],"perhaps":[60],"most":[62,170],"prominent":[63],"situation":[66],"students":[68,92,176,239],"who":[69,240],"need":[70,241],"special":[71,74,94,97,122,162,204,242],"teachers.":[76],"In":[77],"direction,":[79],"aim":[81],"study":[84],"to":[86,159,252],"determine":[87],"difficulties":[89],"experienced":[90],"by":[91,149,196],"needs":[95],"teachers":[99,124,164,206],"process.":[102,182],"This":[103],"research":[104],"carried":[106],"within":[108],"framework":[110],"qualitative":[113,155],"method.":[114],"Within":[115],"scope":[117],"research,":[120],"20":[121],"reached,":[126],"their":[128,175],"opinions":[129],"taken":[131],"semi-structured":[134],"interview":[135],"form.":[136],"The":[137,260],"responses":[138],"received":[139],"divided":[141],"into":[142],"codes":[143],"categories,":[145],"which":[146],"analyzed":[148],"content":[150],"analysis,":[151],"one":[152],"analysis":[156],"methods.":[157],"According":[158],"findings,":[161],"stated":[165,187],"they":[167,221],"had":[168],"difficulty":[171],"communicating":[173],"while":[177],"negating":[178],"Accessibility":[183],"problem":[184,191],"also":[186],"as":[188,256,271],"an":[189],"important":[190],"problems":[194],"caused":[195],"low":[197],"parental":[198],"technology":[199],"literacy":[200],"emphasized.":[202],"Although":[203],"find":[207],"positive":[208],"justifications":[209],"ensuring":[211],"somehow":[214],"continues":[215],"process,":[220],"make":[222],"several":[223],"valuable":[224],"suggestions":[225],"structuring":[227],"system":[229],"more":[230,265],"inclusive":[231],"all":[234],"potential":[235],"users.":[236],"Platforms":[237],"can":[249,262,278],"be":[250,279],"designed":[251],"support":[253],"topics":[254],"such":[255],"content,":[257],"interaction,":[258],"socialization.":[259],"family":[261,276],"take":[263],"active":[266],"role":[267],"stakeholder.":[273],"For":[274],"this,":[275],"members":[277],"motivated":[280],"necessary":[283],"prior":[284],"information":[285],"demands":[287],"full":[288],"expectations.":[290]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2026-11-13T13:42:25.865203","created_date":"2022-07-02T00:00:00"}