{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4283736033","doi":"https://doi.org/10.7441/joc.2022.02.07","title":"Competitiveness of Germany and the Labour Market: A Migration Perspective","display_name":"Competitiveness of Germany and the Labour Market: A Migration Perspective","publication_year":2022,"publication_date":"2022-06-30","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4283736033","doi":"https://doi.org/10.7441/joc.2022.02.07"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.7441/joc.2022.02.07","doi":"https://doi.org/10.7441/joc.2022.02.07","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.7441/joc.2022.02.07","pdf_url":"https://www.cjournal.cz/files/447.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210186250","display_name":"Journal of Competitiveness","issn_l":"1804-171X","issn":["1804-171X","1804-1728"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","doaj","erih-plus","jufo-1","norway-1","poland-70","russia-white-list-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310314196","host_organization_name":"Tomas Ba\u0165a University in Zl\u00edn","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310314196"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Tomas Ba\u0165a University in Zl\u00edn"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Competitiveness","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.cjournal.cz/files/447.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5005045167","display_name":"Andrej P\u0159\u00edvara","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9737-7338","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9737-7338","https://orcid.org/0009-0004-3484-6431"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I64935225","display_name":"Bratislava University of Economics and Business","ror":"https://ror.org/0310h1546","country_code":"SK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I64935225"]}],"countries":["SK"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Andrej Privara","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Economics in Bratislava Faculty of National Economy Department of Economic Theory Slovak Republic","University of Economics in Bratislava"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9737-7338","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Economics in Bratislava Faculty of National Economy Department of Economic Theory Slovak Republic","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I64935225"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Economics in Bratislava","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I64935225"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5005045167"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I64935225"],"apc_list":{"value":450,"currency":"EUR","value_usd":485},"apc_paid":{"value":450,"currency":"EUR","value_usd":485},"fwci":1.6242,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":7,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.83589555,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":91,"max":95},"biblio":{"volume":"14","issue":"2","first_page":"116","last_page":"134"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10349","display_name":"Migration and Labor Dynamics","score":0.9955999851226807,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3312","display_name":"Sociology and Political Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10349","display_name":"Migration and Labor Dynamics","score":0.9955999851226807,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3312","display_name":"Sociology and Political Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12428","display_name":"Global Trade and Competitiveness","score":0.0008999999845400453,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1408","display_name":"Strategy and Management"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/14","display_name":"Business, Management and Accounting"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13389","display_name":"German Economic Analysis & Policies","score":0.0006000000284984708,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2002","display_name":"Economics and Econometrics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/20","display_name":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/international-migration","display_name":"international migration","score":0.6269999742507935},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/labor-market-competitiveness","display_name":"labor market competitiveness","score":0.7369999885559082},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/labour-market-efficiency","display_name":"labor market efficiency","score":0.6489999890327454},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/high-skilled-workers","display_name":"high-skilled workers","score":0.5669999718666077},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/employment-rate","display_name":"employment rate","score":0.4819999933242798},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wages","display_name":"wages","score":0.9430000185966492},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/gravity-model","display_name":"gravity model","score":0.4830000102519989},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/eu-member-states","display_name":"EU member states","score":0.597000002861023},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/population-aging","display_name":"population aging","score":0.6190000176429749},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/low-birth-rate","display_name":"low birth rate","score":0.8169999718666077}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2910001868","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q458","display_name":"European union","level":2,"score":0.6023784279823303},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31173074","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2632514","display_name":"Attractiveness","level":2,"score":0.591188371181488},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C91306197","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q45767","display_name":"Competition (biology)","level":2,"score":0.5616717338562012},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154775046","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188","display_name":"German","level":2,"score":0.5478333234786987},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778137410","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2732820","display_name":"Government (linguistics)","level":2,"score":0.5269116759300232},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C145236788","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q28161","display_name":"Labour economics","level":1,"score":0.5163453817367554},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.46770140528678894},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2908647359","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2625603","display_name":"Population","level":2,"score":0.4635891616344452},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776943663","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q165687","display_name":"Human capital","level":2,"score":0.4575689136981964},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C96250715","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q965330","display_name":"Estimation","level":2,"score":0.44587022066116333},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C70036468","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q131288","display_name":"Immigration","level":2,"score":0.4307669401168823},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C4249254","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3044431","display_name":"Demographic economics","level":1,"score":0.4213620722293854},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C34447519","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q179522","display_name":"Market economy","level":1,"score":0.20867693424224854},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C18547055","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q47417","display_name":"International economics","level":1,"score":0.201793372631073},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.18155720829963684},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205649164","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1071","display_name":"Geography","level":0,"score":0.17568913102149963},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149923435","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q37732","display_name":"Demography","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41895202","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162","display_name":"Linguistics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C187736073","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2920921","display_name":"Management","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11171543","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q41630","display_name":"Psychoanalysis","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144024400","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21201","display_name":"Sociology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C18903297","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7150","display_name":"Ecology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C166957645","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q23498","display_name":"Archaeology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.7441/joc.2022.02.07","doi":"https://doi.org/10.7441/joc.2022.02.07","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.7441/joc.2022.02.07","pdf_url":"https://www.cjournal.cz/files/447.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210186250","display_name":"Journal of Competitiveness","issn_l":"1804-171X","issn":["1804-171X","1804-1728"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","doaj","erih-plus","jufo-1","norway-1","poland-70","russia-white-list-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310314196","host_organization_name":"Tomas Ba\u0165a University in Zl\u00edn","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310314196"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Tomas Ba\u0165a University in Zl\u00edn"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Competitiveness","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:de9f2749abc54efbb8aa1a3b8d3b2f6c","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/de9f2749abc54efbb8aa1a3b8d3b2f6c","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Competitiveness, Vol 14, Iss 2, Pp 116-134 (2022)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.7441/joc.2022.02.07","doi":"https://doi.org/10.7441/joc.2022.02.07","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.7441/joc.2022.02.07","pdf_url":"https://www.cjournal.cz/files/447.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210186250","display_name":"Journal of Competitiveness","issn_l":"1804-171X","issn":["1804-171X","1804-1728"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","doaj","erih-plus","jufo-1","norway-1","poland-70","russia-white-list-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310314196","host_organization_name":"Tomas Ba\u0165a University in Zl\u00edn","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310314196"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Tomas Ba\u0165a University in Zl\u00edn"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Competitiveness","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/8","score":1.0,"display_name":"Decent work and economic growth"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1215814328","display_name":"S\u00fa\u010dasnos\u0165 a perspekt\u00edvy zmien zamestnanosti a s\u00favisiacich procesov   v kontexte nap\u013a\u0148ania cie\u013eov Eur\u00f3pskej strat\u00e9gie zamestnanosti","funder_award_id":"1/0001/16","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320323641","funder_display_name":"Vedeck\u00e1 Grantov\u00e1 Agent\u00fara M\u0160VVa\u0160 SR a SAV"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320323641","display_name":"Vedeck\u00e1 Grantov\u00e1 Agent\u00fara M\u0160VVa\u0160 SR a SAV","ror":"https://ror.org/044gwpv05"}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4283736033.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4283736033.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":68,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2038804745","https://openalex.org/W2321851995","https://openalex.org/W2604349061","https://openalex.org/W2625449966","https://openalex.org/W2733923719","https://openalex.org/W2763062464","https://openalex.org/W2788894520","https://openalex.org/W2806764996","https://openalex.org/W2900808214","https://openalex.org/W2904414974","https://openalex.org/W2904877823","https://openalex.org/W2908485670","https://openalex.org/W2912171830","https://openalex.org/W2913353737","https://openalex.org/W2913628512","https://openalex.org/W2921158396","https://openalex.org/W2948341508","https://openalex.org/W2980958753","https://openalex.org/W2989550673","https://openalex.org/W2991252336","https://openalex.org/W3006764771","https://openalex.org/W3012494031","https://openalex.org/W3014769150","https://openalex.org/W3021507383","https://openalex.org/W3030151863","https://openalex.org/W3030760309","https://openalex.org/W3037122475","https://openalex.org/W3037340124","https://openalex.org/W3038113969","https://openalex.org/W3046334164","https://openalex.org/W3060962465","https://openalex.org/W3091139814","https://openalex.org/W3093823092","https://openalex.org/W3098988985","https://openalex.org/W3103632295","https://openalex.org/W3105430670","https://openalex.org/W3106848452","https://openalex.org/W3107404843","https://openalex.org/W3110356680","https://openalex.org/W3110762561","https://openalex.org/W3114675559","https://openalex.org/W3115275500","https://openalex.org/W3118475992","https://openalex.org/W3119307601","https://openalex.org/W3120107658","https://openalex.org/W3134283918","https://openalex.org/W3150408558","https://openalex.org/W3158097485","https://openalex.org/W3170565216","https://openalex.org/W3173450939","https://openalex.org/W3173758732","https://openalex.org/W3175341181","https://openalex.org/W3176701297","https://openalex.org/W3183380451","https://openalex.org/W3184273653","https://openalex.org/W3186274739","https://openalex.org/W3194111073","https://openalex.org/W3201754525","https://openalex.org/W3203942325","https://openalex.org/W3215447186","https://openalex.org/W3216969845","https://openalex.org/W4200257497","https://openalex.org/W4200465421","https://openalex.org/W4205115025","https://openalex.org/W4205610688","https://openalex.org/W4206155424","https://openalex.org/W4300120152","https://openalex.org/W4315431987"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4236187021","https://openalex.org/W4362539154","https://openalex.org/W2795092836","https://openalex.org/W2891864225","https://openalex.org/W2923046234","https://openalex.org/W2550359623","https://openalex.org/W2044793139","https://openalex.org/W4396877326","https://openalex.org/W1582724623","https://openalex.org/W7005697264"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,127,152,191],"current":[1,128],"paper":[2],"contributes":[3],"to":[4,20,25,39,55,84],"the":[5,12,27,48,147,159,163,195,205,209],"existing":[6],"literature":[7],"on":[8,204],"migration":[9],"by":[10],"explaining":[11],"emigration":[13],"pattern":[14],"from":[15,32,106],"Denmark,":[16,107],"Finland":[17,108],"and":[18,68,109,118,149,186],"Sweden":[19,110],"Germany.":[21],"We":[22,60],"have":[23,61,79],"tried":[24],"discover":[26],"reason":[28],"why":[29],"people":[30],"migrate":[31],"high-income":[33],"European":[34],"Union":[35],"(EU)":[36],"member":[37,58,87],"states":[38],"Germany,":[40,82],"which":[41,142,166],"for":[42,73,104,145,180,200],"a":[43,187],"long":[44],"time":[45],"has":[46],"hosted":[47],"highest":[49],"number":[50],"of":[51,94,113,122,138,198,208],"migrants":[52,105,201],"when":[53],"compared":[54,83],"other":[56,85],"EU":[57,86],"states.":[59],"employed":[62],"gravity":[63],"models":[64],"using":[65],"fixed":[66],"effects":[67],"ordinary":[69],"least":[70],"squares":[71],"estimation":[72],"1998":[74],"\u2013":[75],"2019.":[76],"Our":[77],"results":[78,153],"indicated":[80],"that":[81,155,194],"states,":[88],"is":[89,100,143,173,202],"more":[90],"competitive":[91],"in":[92,111,136,211],"terms":[93,112,137],"its":[95,114,123],"labour":[96,124,139,160,164,212],"market":[97,140,161],"efficiency.":[98],"Germany":[99,199],"an":[101,183],"attractive":[102],"destination":[103],"employment":[115],"rate,":[116],"wages":[117],"effective":[119],"government":[120,210],"support":[121],"force":[125],"programmes.":[126],"research":[129],"provides":[130],"insights":[131],"into":[132],"enhancing":[133],"German":[134],"competitiveness":[135],"factors,":[141],"important":[144],"both":[146],"migrant":[148],"native":[150],"populations.":[151],"show":[154],"if":[156],"wisely":[157],"managed,":[158],"attracts":[162],"force,":[165],"can":[167],"address":[168],"critical":[169],"social":[170],"issues":[171,179],"Europe":[172],"currently":[174],"facing.":[175],"In":[176],"particular,":[177],"competition":[178],"high-skilled":[181],"workers,":[182],"aging":[184],"population,":[185],"low":[188],"birth":[189],"rate.":[190],"study":[192],"indicates":[193],"long-term":[196],"attractiveness":[197],"based":[203],"efficient":[206],"participation":[207],"management-related":[213],"decisions.":[214]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-11-10T11:39:43.021295","created_date":"2022-07-01T00:00:00"}
