{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4283728152","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0270514","title":"Spatiotemporal characteristics and influencing factor analysis of universities\u2019 technology transfer level in China: The perspective of innovation ecosystems","display_name":"Spatiotemporal characteristics and influencing factor analysis of universities\u2019 technology transfer level in China: The perspective of innovation ecosystems","publication_year":2022,"publication_date":"2022-06-30","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4283728152","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0270514","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35771880","pmcid":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/9246116"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0270514","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0270514","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0270514","pdf_url":"https://journals.plos.org/plosone/article/file?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0270514&type=printable","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S202381698","display_name":"PLoS ONE","issn_l":"1932-6203","issn":["1932-6203"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","doaj","dongbi-c","doyens","erih-plus","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310315706","host_organization_name":"Public Library of Science","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310315706"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Public Library of Science"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"PLOS ONE","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref","doaj","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://journals.plos.org/plosone/article/file?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0270514&type=printable","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5067398122","display_name":"Haining Fang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7926-8146","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7926-8146"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I196699116","display_name":"Wuhan University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/03fe7t173","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I196699116"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Haining Fang","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Management, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Management, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I196699116"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101677782","display_name":"Jinmei Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5812-2439","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5812-2439","https://orcid.org/0009-0002-8627-6018"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I196699116","display_name":"Wuhan University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/03fe7t173","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I196699116"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Jinmei Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Safety Science and Emergency Management, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5812-2439","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Safety Science and Emergency Management, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I196699116"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5103255460","display_name":"Qing Sheng Yang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3103-971X","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3103-971X"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I196699116","display_name":"Wuhan University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/03fe7t173","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I196699116"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Qing Yang","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Management, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, China","School of Safety Science and Emergency Management, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Management, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I196699116"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Safety Science and Emergency Management, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I196699116"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5001464751","display_name":"Xingxing Liu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6764-022X","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6764-022X"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I196699116","display_name":"Wuhan University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/03fe7t173","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I196699116"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xingxing Liu","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Safety Science and Emergency Management, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Safety Science and Emergency Management, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I196699116"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5046888389","display_name":"Lanjuan Cao","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I159389169","display_name":"Ningbo University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/037dym702","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I159389169"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I196699116","display_name":"Wuhan University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/03fe7t173","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I196699116"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4405254534","display_name":"NingboTech University","ror":"https://ror.org/01xx18q52","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4405254534"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Lanjuan Cao","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Mechatronics and Energy Engineering, NingboTech University, Ningbo, China","School of Safety Science and Emergency Management, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Mechatronics and Energy Engineering, NingboTech University, Ningbo, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I159389169","https://openalex.org/I4405254534"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Safety Science and Emergency Management, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I196699116"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5101677782"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I196699116"],"apc_list":{"value":1805,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1805},"apc_paid":{"value":1805,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1805},"fwci":0.7454,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":4,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.74871147,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":88,"max":95},"biblio":{"volume":"17","issue":"6","first_page":"e0270514","last_page":"e0270514"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13276","display_name":"University-Industry-Government Innovation Models","score":0.7407000064849854,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1405","display_name":"Management of Technology and Innovation"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/14","display_name":"Business, Management and Accounting"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13276","display_name":"University-Industry-Government Innovation Models","score":0.7407000064849854,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1405","display_name":"Management of Technology and Innovation"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/14","display_name":"Business, Management and Accounting"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13492","display_name":"Science, Technology, and Education in Latin America","score":0.08780000358819962,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3317","display_name":"Demography"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14185","display_name":"Research, Science, and Academia","score":0.046300001442432404,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1405","display_name":"Management of Technology and Innovation"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/14","display_name":"Business, Management and Accounting"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/university-technology-transfer","display_name":"university technology transfer","score":1.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/innovation-ecosystems","display_name":"innovation ecosystems","score":0.9750000238418579},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/spatiotemporal-variation","display_name":"spatiotemporal variation","score":0.9070000052452087},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/provincial-disparities","display_name":"provincial disparities","score":0.597000002861023},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/spatial-autocorrelation","display_name":"spatial autocorrelation","score":0.8259999752044678},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/spatial-spillover-effects","display_name":"spatial spillover effects","score":0.9549999833106995},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/influencing-factors","display_name":"influencing factors","score":0.546999990940094},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/informatization","display_name":"informatization","score":0.6679999828338623},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/regional-economic-development","display_name":"regional economic development","score":0.5099999904632568},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/role-of-the-state","display_name":"role of the state","score":0.35100001096725464},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/financial-institutions","display_name":"financial institutions","score":0.593999981880188},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/regional-openness","display_name":"regional openness","score":0.777999997138977},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/china","display_name":"China","score":0.9269999861717224}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C84976871","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2015673","display_name":"Openness to experience","level":2,"score":0.6721144318580627},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C191935318","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q148","display_name":"China","level":2,"score":0.5645718574523926},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C6422946","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q857354","display_name":"Panel data","level":2,"score":0.5596882104873657},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C55527203","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q334194","display_name":"Spillover effect","level":2,"score":0.5307996869087219},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C110121322","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q865811","display_name":"Distribution (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.48223575949668884},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776352007","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q181588","display_name":"Informatization","level":2,"score":0.472780704498291},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C26271046","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q187097","display_name":"Economic geography","level":1,"score":0.47045743465423584},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107029721","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q19188","display_name":"Mainland China","level":3,"score":0.45699235796928406},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C552854447","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q131201","display_name":"Sustainable development","level":2,"score":0.4391457140445709},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159620131","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1938983","display_name":"Spatial analysis","level":2,"score":0.4257742762565613},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C180478619","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7574066","display_name":"Spatial heterogeneity","level":2,"score":0.4162902235984802},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778137410","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2732820","display_name":"Government (linguistics)","level":2,"score":0.4132435917854309},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144133560","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4830453","display_name":"Business","level":0,"score":0.4080086052417755},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205649164","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1071","display_name":"Geography","level":0,"score":0.33279579877853394},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.24747273325920105},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C18903297","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7150","display_name":"Ecology","level":1,"score":0.20899030566215515},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.11885324120521545},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149782125","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q160039","display_name":"Econometrics","level":1,"score":0.09493917226791382},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77805123","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q161272","display_name":"Social psychology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62649853","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q199687","display_name":"Remote sensing","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C175444787","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q39072","display_name":"Microeconomics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134306372","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7754","display_name":"Mathematical analysis","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C166957645","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q23498","display_name":"Archaeology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41895202","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162","display_name":"Linguistics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D002681","descriptor_name":"China","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005163","descriptor_name":"Factor Analysis, Statistical","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D014495","descriptor_name":"Universities","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D017753","descriptor_name":"Ecosystem","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D018581","descriptor_name":"Technology Transfer","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D057217","descriptor_name":"Economic Development","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true}],"locations_count":5,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0270514","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0270514","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0270514","pdf_url":"https://journals.plos.org/plosone/article/file?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0270514&type=printable","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S202381698","display_name":"PLoS ONE","issn_l":"1932-6203","issn":["1932-6203"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","doaj","dongbi-c","doyens","erih-plus","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310315706","host_organization_name":"Public Library of Science","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310315706"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Public Library of Science"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"PLOS ONE","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:9246116","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/9246116","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"PLoS One","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmid:35771880","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35771880","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"PloS one","raw_type":"Journal Article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:RePEc:plo:pone00:0270514","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://journals.plos.org/plosone/article?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0270514","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401271","display_name":"RePEc: Research Papers in Economics","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I77793887","host_organization_name":"Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I77793887"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:c00326b3982c458a8fd1d72503414a58","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/c00326b3982c458a8fd1d72503414a58","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"PLoS ONE, Vol 17, Iss 6, p e0270514 (2022)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0270514","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0270514","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0270514","pdf_url":"https://journals.plos.org/plosone/article/file?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0270514&type=printable","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S202381698","display_name":"PLoS ONE","issn_l":"1932-6203","issn":["1932-6203"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","doaj","dongbi-c","doyens","erih-plus","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310315706","host_organization_name":"Public Library of Science","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310315706"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Public Library of Science"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"PLOS ONE","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Industry, innovation and infrastructure","score":1.0,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/9"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4283728152.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4283728152.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":72,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1042349932","https://openalex.org/W1578588103","https://openalex.org/W1972636496","https://openalex.org/W2008518744","https://openalex.org/W2009815689","https://openalex.org/W2030732983","https://openalex.org/W2038028648","https://openalex.org/W2041455880","https://openalex.org/W2058423199","https://openalex.org/W2058781281","https://openalex.org/W2060828353","https://openalex.org/W2073305391","https://openalex.org/W2073805776","https://openalex.org/W2083223917","https://openalex.org/W2084213446","https://openalex.org/W2091977096","https://openalex.org/W2095197847","https://openalex.org/W2119472607","https://openalex.org/W2127674923","https://openalex.org/W2129208071","https://openalex.org/W2134786537","https://openalex.org/W2141063781","https://openalex.org/W2155522416","https://openalex.org/W2155831255","https://openalex.org/W2168607130","https://openalex.org/W2191853063","https://openalex.org/W2199615185","https://openalex.org/W2343485037","https://openalex.org/W2439291928","https://openalex.org/W2462951379","https://openalex.org/W2521439472","https://openalex.org/W2554155794","https://openalex.org/W2585256662","https://openalex.org/W2593524728","https://openalex.org/W2604782646","https://openalex.org/W2729576549","https://openalex.org/W2743365167","https://openalex.org/W2755595207","https://openalex.org/W2761700848","https://openalex.org/W2781802529","https://openalex.org/W2809210302","https://openalex.org/W2884601217","https://openalex.org/W2912326593","https://openalex.org/W2915556169","https://openalex.org/W2941911169","https://openalex.org/W2948363955","https://openalex.org/W2950457394","https://openalex.org/W2956777157","https://openalex.org/W2983890578","https://openalex.org/W2996310635","https://openalex.org/W2996491349","https://openalex.org/W3007685859","https://openalex.org/W3012518245","https://openalex.org/W3031219563","https://openalex.org/W3039331318","https://openalex.org/W3087129323","https://openalex.org/W3094701195","https://openalex.org/W3111074237","https://openalex.org/W3121737815","https://openalex.org/W3124376267","https://openalex.org/W3124699926","https://openalex.org/W3124778745","https://openalex.org/W3158904317","https://openalex.org/W3169743122","https://openalex.org/W3178169542","https://openalex.org/W3179495697","https://openalex.org/W3182466228","https://openalex.org/W3185996446","https://openalex.org/W3194518655","https://openalex.org/W3205461066","https://openalex.org/W3206653434","https://openalex.org/W4256473156"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4410121973","https://openalex.org/W2393020373","https://openalex.org/W2606916004","https://openalex.org/W2372250731","https://openalex.org/W4288786508","https://openalex.org/W4413135248","https://openalex.org/W2358436750","https://openalex.org/W7169542109","https://openalex.org/W3037986078","https://openalex.org/W6922917636"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Universities":[0],"are":[1,81],"important":[2],"parts":[3],"of":[4,18,35,49,76,90,115,187],"innovation":[5,77],"ecosystems,":[6],"and":[7,56,139,150,169,184,194],"university":[8],"technology":[9],"transfer":[10],"(UTT),":[11],"which":[12],"aims":[13],"for":[14],"the":[15,28,32,45,58,62,74,87,106,134,191],"sustainable":[16],"commercialization":[17],"sci-tech":[19],"achievements,":[20],"is":[21,94,109,125],"closely":[22],"related":[23],"to":[24,54,121],"other":[25,195],"actors":[26],"in":[27,38,92,101,133,144,178,190],"ecosystem.":[29],"Based":[30],"on":[31,164,176],"panel":[33],"data":[34],"31":[36],"provinces":[37],"mainland":[39],"China,":[40],"this":[41],"paper":[42],"empirically":[43],"analyzes":[44],"spatiotemporal":[46],"distribution":[47,114],"characteristics":[48],"UTT":[50,91,116,131,177],"levels":[51,117,132],"from":[52,73,119],"2011":[53],"2019":[55],"estimates":[57],"influencing":[59,188],"factors":[60,189],"using":[61],"spatial":[63,70,128,161,199],"Durbin":[64],"model":[65],"(SDM)":[66],"with":[67],"an":[68,98],"economic":[69],"weighting":[71],"matrix":[72],"perspective":[75],"ecosystems.":[78],"The":[79,156,182],"results":[80],"presented":[82],"as":[83],"follows:":[84],"(1)":[85],"Although":[86],"overall":[88],"level":[89],"China":[93],"low,":[95],"it":[96],"shows":[97],"upward":[99],"trend":[100],"most":[102],"provinces.":[103,135],"In":[104],"addition,":[105],"interprovincial":[107],"gap":[108],"obvious,":[110],"forming":[111],"a":[112,126,159,172],"ladder":[113],"increasing":[118],"west":[120],"east.":[122],"(2)":[123],"There":[124],"significant":[127,142,153,160,173,198],"autocorrelation":[129],"between":[130],"(3)":[136],"Industry,":[137],"economy,":[138],"informatization":[140,170],"play":[141],"roles":[143],"promoting":[145],"UTT,":[146,165],"while":[147,166],"financial":[148],"institutes":[149],"openness":[151],"have":[152,171],"inhibitory":[154,174],"effects.":[155],"economy":[157],"has":[158],"spillover":[162],"effect":[163,175],"government,":[167],"industry":[168],"neighboring":[179],"regions.":[180],"(4)":[181],"direct":[183],"indirect":[185],"effects":[186],"Eastern":[192],"Region":[193],"regions":[196],"show":[197],"heterogeneity.":[200]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-11-04T10:54:05.112534","created_date":"2022-07-01T00:00:00"}
