{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4283369080","doi":"https://doi.org/10.2514/6.2022-3534","title":"Experimental and Numerical Investigation of Ice Crystal Icing on a Heatable NACA0012 Airfoil","display_name":"Experimental and Numerical Investigation of Ice Crystal Icing on a Heatable NACA0012 Airfoil","publication_year":2022,"publication_date":"2022-06-20","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4283369080","doi":"https://doi.org/10.2514/6.2022-3534"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.2514/6.2022-3534","doi":"https://doi.org/10.2514/6.2022-3534","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.2514/6.2022-3534","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4363604317","display_name":"AIAA AVIATION Forum","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310315709","host_organization_name":"American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310315709"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics"],"type":"conference"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"AIAA AVIATION 2022 Forum","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"parent_works":[],"lineage":["https://openalex.org/W4283369080"],"child_works_count":1,"type":"conference-paper","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://hal.science/hal-03774073","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5043032850","display_name":"Yasir A. Malik","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0009-7201-6857","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0009-0009-7201-6857"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I94509681","display_name":"Technische Universit\u00e4t Braunschweig","ror":"https://ror.org/010nsgg66","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I94509681"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yasir A. Malik","raw_affiliation_strings":["Technische Universitat Braunschweig"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Technische Universitat Braunschweig","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I94509681"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5012293976","display_name":"Lokman Bennani","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7463-2268","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7463-2268"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2801658355","display_name":"Office National d'\u00c9tudes et de Recherches A\u00e9rospatiales","ror":"https://ror.org/005y2ap84","country_code":"FR","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2801658355"]}],"countries":["FR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Lokman Bennani","raw_affiliation_strings":["Office National d'Etudes et de Recherches Aerospatiales"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Office National d'Etudes et de Recherches Aerospatiales","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2801658355"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5076583974","display_name":"Alexandros Vorgias","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4577782","display_name":"Technische Universit\u00e4t Berlin","ror":"https://ror.org/03v4gjf40","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4577782"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Alexandros Vorgias","raw_affiliation_strings":["Technische Universitat Berlin"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Technische Universitat Berlin","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4577782"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5069869023","display_name":"Pierre Trontin","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5191-2689","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5191-2689"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I100532134","display_name":"Lyon 1 Universit\u00e9","ror":"https://ror.org/029brtt94","country_code":"FR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I100532134","https://openalex.org/I203339264"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210149024","display_name":"Laboratoire de M\u00e9canique des Fluides et d'Acoustique","ror":"https://ror.org/04dxeze48","country_code":"FR","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I100532134","https://openalex.org/I112936343","https://openalex.org/I1294671590","https://openalex.org/I203339264","https://openalex.org/I4210149024","https://openalex.org/I48430043"]}],"countries":["FR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Pierre Trontin","raw_affiliation_strings":["Universite Claude Bernard Lyon 1 Service Commun de la Documentation","LMFA - Laboratoire de Mecanique des Fluides et d'Acoustique (36 Av Guy de Collongue 69134 ECULLY CEDEX - France)"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Universite Claude Bernard Lyon 1 Service Commun de la Documentation","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I100532134"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"LMFA - Laboratoire de Mecanique des Fluides et d'Acoustique (36 Av Guy de Collongue 69134 ECULLY CEDEX - France)","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210149024"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5030674355","display_name":"Philippe Villedieu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0001-4459-1442","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0009-0001-4459-1442"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2801658355","display_name":"Office National d'\u00c9tudes et de Recherches A\u00e9rospatiales","ror":"https://ror.org/005y2ap84","country_code":"FR","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2801658355"]}],"countries":["FR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Philippe Villedieu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Office National d'Etudes et de Recherches Aerospatiales"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Office National d'Etudes et de Recherches Aerospatiales","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2801658355"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":2.8153,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":8,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.9087407,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":88,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"AIAA 2022-3534","last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12696","display_name":"Icing and De-icing Technologies","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12696","display_name":"Icing and De-icing Technologies","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12202","display_name":"nanoparticles nucleation surface interactions","score":0.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1606","display_name":"Physical and Theoretical Chemistry"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/16","display_name":"Chemistry"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11524","display_name":"Advanced Aircraft Design and Technologies","score":0.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ice-crystal-icing","display_name":"ice crystal icing","score":0.9980000257492065},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/naca-0012-airfoil","display_name":"NACA 0012 airfoil","score":0.8610000014305115},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ice-accretion","display_name":"ice accretion","score":0.902999997138977},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ice-water-content","display_name":"ice water content","score":0.7630000114440918},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wet-bulb-temperature","display_name":"wet-bulb temperature","score":0.9100000262260437},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/heat-flux","display_name":"heat flux","score":0.8640000224113464},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/angle-of-attack","display_name":"angle of attack","score":0.7419999837875366},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/glacial-erosion","display_name":"glacial erosion","score":0.5329999923706055},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sticking-efficiency","display_name":"sticking efficiency","score":0.6639999747276306},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/unsteady-heat-conduction","display_name":"unsteady heat conduction","score":0.7630000114440918},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/icing-wind-tunnel","display_name":"icing wind tunnel","score":0.6650000214576721}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781439067","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5986479","display_name":"Icing","level":2,"score":0.829873263835907},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776401274","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3756855","display_name":"Accretion (finance)","level":2,"score":0.6327099800109863},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126603772","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7440067","display_name":"Sea ice growth processes","level":5,"score":0.591579020023346},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C57879066","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q41217","display_name":"Mechanics","level":1,"score":0.5773931741714478},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778241976","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12060664","display_name":"Icing conditions","level":3,"score":0.5751473903656006},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192562407","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228736","display_name":"Materials science","level":0,"score":0.5491740703582764},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39432304","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188847","display_name":"Environmental science","level":0,"score":0.5028802752494812},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159188206","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1478382","display_name":"Heat flux","level":3,"score":0.4939151406288147},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C84254168","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q131099","display_name":"Hard rime","level":2,"score":0.4667978882789612},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C91586092","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q757520","display_name":"Atmospheric sciences","level":1,"score":0.45862099528312683},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153294291","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25261","display_name":"Meteorology","level":1,"score":0.33019208908081055},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127313418","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1069","display_name":"Geology","level":0,"score":0.3000108599662781},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.23368924856185913},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149767477","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7440066","display_name":"Sea ice thickness","level":4,"score":0.22058045864105225},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136894858","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q213926","display_name":"Sea ice","level":2,"score":0.15512734651565552},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C44870925","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q37547","display_name":"Astrophysics","level":1,"score":0.1542440950870514},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C161798024","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3651008","display_name":"Arctic ice pack","level":3,"score":0.1453332006931305},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50517652","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q179635","display_name":"Heat transfer","level":2,"score":0.12605157494544983}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.2514/6.2022-3534","doi":"https://doi.org/10.2514/6.2022-3534","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.2514/6.2022-3534","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4363604317","display_name":"AIAA AVIATION Forum","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310315709","host_organization_name":"American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310315709"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics"],"type":"conference"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"AIAA AVIATION 2022 Forum","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:HAL:hal-03774073v1","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://hal.science/hal-03774073","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402512","display_name":"HAL","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4405252976","host_organization_name":"Centre pour la Communication Scientifique Directe","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4405252976"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"other-oa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"AIAA AVIATION 2022 Forum, Jun 2022, Chicago, United States. pp.AIAA 2022-3534, &#x27E8;10.2514/6.2022-3534&#x27E9;","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/conferenceObject"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:HAL:hal-03774073v1","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://hal.science/hal-03774073","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402512","display_name":"HAL","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4405252976","host_organization_name":"Centre pour la Communication Scientifique Directe","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4405252976"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"other-oa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"AIAA AVIATION 2022 Forum, Jun 2022, Chicago, United States. pp.AIAA 2022-3534, &#x27E8;10.2514/6.2022-3534&#x27E9;","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/conferenceObject"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":11,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W583323484","https://openalex.org/W1583104184","https://openalex.org/W2413850153","https://openalex.org/W2415620327","https://openalex.org/W2620911158","https://openalex.org/W2766985671","https://openalex.org/W2793736167","https://openalex.org/W2887706137","https://openalex.org/W2950447961","https://openalex.org/W3047729098","https://openalex.org/W4237380750"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4380271153","https://openalex.org/W4387234011","https://openalex.org/W4402687960","https://openalex.org/W1874486452","https://openalex.org/W6926328160","https://openalex.org/W2810001830","https://openalex.org/W4407030611","https://openalex.org/W4380589243","https://openalex.org/W2350546711","https://openalex.org/W2793736167"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"View":[0],"Video":[1],"Presentation:":[2],"https://doi.org/10.2514/6.2022-3534.vid":[3],"Experimental":[4,215],"and":[5,57,82,156,169,221,306,315,324,333,343],"numerical":[6,224,325],"study":[7],"is":[8,167,242,251,264,276],"carried":[9],"out":[10],"to":[11,71,104,120,144,172,197,210,219,253,278,293,302],"quantify":[12],"the":[13,31,44,62,83,110,123,160,186,191,193,223,255,259,280,285],"accretion":[14,68,87,115,148,180,240,304,328,336],"growth":[15,149,329],"resulting":[16,177],"from":[17,118,164],"ice":[18,48,96,112,140,153,206,331],"crystal":[19],"icing":[20,33,165,213],"(ICI)":[21],"on":[22,109,204,244],"a":[23,234,294,347],"heatable":[24],"NACA0012":[25,286],"model.":[26],"Experiments":[27],"are":[28,217,231,290,311],"performed":[29,232],"in":[30,100,134,146,178,212,233,299],"Braunschweig":[32],"wind":[34],"tunnel":[35,53],"encompassing":[36],"extensive":[37],"variation":[38],"of":[39,59,61,125,188,190,261,284,308,313,322,335,350],"influential":[40],"parameters":[41],"such":[42],"as":[43,89,91],"supplied":[45,135],"heat":[46,136,158,273],"flux,":[47],"water":[49,97,141,154],"content,":[50],"flow":[51,101],"velocity,":[52],"wet":[54,75,130],"bulb":[55,76,131],"temperature":[56,77,175],"angle":[58,187],"attack":[60,189],"test":[63],"article.":[64],"Investigations":[65],"reveal":[66],"that":[67],"severity":[69,92],"tends":[70,103,143],"increase":[72,133,211],"for":[73,86,138,199],"positive":[74],"with":[78,94,114],"consecutive":[79],"shedding":[80,309],"cycles":[81],"time":[84,334],"required":[85],"inception":[88,181],"well":[90],"reduces":[93],"increasing":[95,157,185],"content.":[98],"Increase":[99],"velocity":[102],"have":[105],"an":[106,245,339],"eroding":[107],"effect":[108],"accreting":[111],"layer,":[113],"shapes":[116,332],"shifting":[117],"mushroom":[119],"conical":[121],"under":[122],"influence":[124],"aerodynamic":[126,202],"stresses.":[127],"For":[128,151],"negative":[129],"temperatures,":[132],"flux":[137,159],"higher":[139,147],"content":[142,155],"result":[145],"rates.":[150],"constant":[152],"cooling":[161],"power":[162],"generated":[163],"cloud":[166],"insufficient":[168],"takes":[170],"longer":[171,179],"overcome":[173],"high":[174],"gradients":[176],"time.":[182],"Lastly,":[183],"upon":[184],"model,":[192],"stagnation":[194],"point":[195],"shifts":[196],"allow":[198],"lower":[200],"tangential":[201],"stresses":[203],"accreted":[205],"layer":[207],"which":[208],"leads":[209],"severity.":[214],"results":[216,326],"used":[218,252,277],"calibrate":[220],"validate":[222],"models":[225],"developed":[226],"at":[227],"ONERA.":[228],"The":[229,238],"simulations":[230],"two":[235],"dimensional":[236],"framework.":[237],"unsteady":[239,281],"solver":[241,275],"based":[243],"enthalpy":[246],"approach.":[247],"An":[248],"empirical":[249],"model":[250,301,310],"compute":[254],"sticking":[256],"efficiency.":[257],"Concerning":[258],"phenomenon":[260],"erosion,":[262],"it":[263],"taken":[265],"into":[266],"account":[267],"using":[268],"previously":[269],"derived":[270],"models.":[271],"A":[272],"conduction":[274],"simulate":[279],"thermal":[282],"behavior":[283],"airfoil.":[287],"Both":[288],"solvers":[289],"coupled":[291],"thanks":[292],"Robin-Robin":[295],"Schwarz":[296],"method.":[297],"Improvements":[298],"erosion":[300],"mitigate":[303],"over-prediction":[305],"development":[307],"part":[312],"ongoing":[314],"future":[316],"efforts.":[317],"To":[318],"sum":[319],"up,":[320],"comparison":[321],"experimental":[323],"concerning":[327],"rates,":[330],"initiation":[337],"show":[338],"overall":[340],"good":[341],"qualitative":[342],"quantitative":[344],"agreement":[345],"across":[346],"wide":[348],"range":[349],"parametric":[351],"variation.":[352]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":4}],"updated_date":"2026-11-15T12:55:33.944570","created_date":"2022-06-25T00:00:00"}
