{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4283318564","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1111/spol.12832","title":"Active stewardship in healthcare: Lessons from China's health policy reforms","display_name":"Active stewardship in healthcare: Lessons from China's health policy reforms","publication_year":2022,"publication_date":"2022-06-22","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4283318564","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1111/spol.12832"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1111/spol.12832","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1111/spol.12832","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1111/spol.12832","pdf_url":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdfdirect/10.1111/spol.12832","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S31120751","display_name":"Social Policy and Administration","issn_l":"0144-5596","issn":["0144-5596","1467-9515"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["abdc-a","anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","jufo-2","ki-jl-1","norway-1","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320595","host_organization_name":"Wiley","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320595"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Wiley"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Social Policy &amp; Administration","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"hybrid","oa_url":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdfdirect/10.1111/spol.12832","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5050348990","display_name":"Alex Jingwei He","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9024-4831","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9024-4831","https://orcid.org/0009-0009-4293-3398"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210086892","display_name":"Education University of Hong Kong","ror":"https://ror.org/000t0f062","country_code":"HK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210086892"]}],"countries":["HK"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Alex Jingwei He","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Asian and Policy Studies, The Education University of Hong Kong, New Territories, Hong Kong SAR, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9024-4831","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Asian and Policy Studies, The Education University of Hong Kong, New Territories, Hong Kong SAR, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210086892"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5090584367","display_name":"Azad Singh Bali","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6430-2997","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6430-2997"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I118347636","display_name":"Australian National University","ror":"https://ror.org/019wvm592","country_code":"AU","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I118347636"]}],"countries":["AU"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Azad Singh Bali","raw_affiliation_strings":["Crawford School of Public Policy, Australian National University, Canberra, Australia"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Crawford School of Public Policy, Australian National University, Canberra, Australia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I118347636"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5069415850","display_name":"M. Ramesh","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7376-2300","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7376-2300"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I165932596","display_name":"National University of Singapore","ror":"https://ror.org/01tgyzw49","country_code":"SG","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I165932596"]}],"countries":["SG"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"M. Ramesh","raw_affiliation_strings":["Lee Kuan Yew School of Public Policy, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Lee Kuan Yew School of Public Policy, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I165932596"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":3,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5050348990"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210086892"],"apc_list":{"value":4200,"currency":"USD","value_usd":4200},"apc_paid":{"value":4200,"currency":"USD","value_usd":4200},"fwci":3.6594,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":23,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.93755336,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":95,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"56","issue":"6","first_page":"925","last_page":"940"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11531","display_name":"Healthcare Systems and Reforms","score":0.9965999722480774,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2003","display_name":"Finance"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/20","display_name":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11531","display_name":"Healthcare Systems and Reforms","score":0.9965999722480774,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2003","display_name":"Finance"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/20","display_name":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14186","display_name":"Healthcare Systems and Practices","score":0.0026000000070780516,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3600","display_name":"General Health Professions"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/36","display_name":"Health Professions"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13896","display_name":"Health Services Management and Policy","score":0.00039999998989515007,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3600","display_name":"General Health Professions"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/36","display_name":"Health Professions"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/health-policy-reform","display_name":"health policy reform","score":0.7070000171661377},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/universal-health-coverage","display_name":"universal health coverage","score":0.9319999814033508},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/health-system-governance","display_name":"health system governance","score":0.828000009059906},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/health-care-access","display_name":"health care access","score":0.8180000185966492},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/health-care-costs","display_name":"health care costs","score":0.5619999766349792}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777950569","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17021836","display_name":"Stewardship (theology)","level":3,"score":0.8306977152824402},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778137410","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2732820","display_name":"Government (linguistics)","level":2,"score":0.6980370283126831},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2775899829","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3109007","display_name":"Globe","level":2,"score":0.6734029054641724},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C191935318","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q148","display_name":"China","level":2,"score":0.5656846761703491},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C160735492","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q31207","display_name":"Health care","level":2,"score":0.5612035393714905},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780821815","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5340806","display_name":"Portfolio","level":2,"score":0.5298758745193481},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144133560","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4830453","display_name":"Business","level":0,"score":0.5250052213668823},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C147859227","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q294217","display_name":"Public sector","level":2,"score":0.5225552916526794},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121426985","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q591763","display_name":"Private sector","level":2,"score":0.5025746822357178},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C109986646","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q546113","display_name":"Public policy","level":2,"score":0.47135084867477417},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C47344431","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1519812","display_name":"Health policy","level":3,"score":0.45814037322998047},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C100001284","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2248246","display_name":"Public economics","level":1,"score":0.45806199312210083},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C182306322","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1779371","display_name":"Order (exchange)","level":2,"score":0.44880229234695435},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3116431","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q31728","display_name":"Public administration","level":1,"score":0.41078561544418335},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50522688","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189833","display_name":"Economic growth","level":1,"score":0.38694465160369873},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.3158606290817261},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.29270803928375244},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C10138342","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43015","display_name":"Finance","level":1,"score":0.17247992753982544},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.1194697916507721},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136264566","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q159810","display_name":"Economy","level":1,"score":0.09289658069610596},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C94625758","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7163","display_name":"Politics","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C118487528","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q161437","display_name":"Ophthalmology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41895202","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162","display_name":"Linguistics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":5,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1111/spol.12832","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1111/spol.12832","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1111/spol.12832","pdf_url":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdfdirect/10.1111/spol.12832","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S31120751","display_name":"Social Policy and Administration","issn_l":"0144-5596","issn":["0144-5596","1467-9515"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["abdc-a","anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","jufo-2","ki-jl-1","norway-1","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320595","host_organization_name":"Wiley","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320595"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Wiley"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Social Policy &amp; Administration","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:openresearch-repository.anu.edu.au:1885/316838","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/1885/316838","pdf_url":"https://openresearch-repository.anu.edu.au/bitstreams/c72cd2ec-5416-4f44-a2a9-289eea0bb867/download","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402539","display_name":"ANU Open Research (Australian National University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I118347636","host_organization_name":"Australian National University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I118347636"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Social Policy &amp; Administration","raw_type":"Journal article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:scholarbank.nus.edu.sg:10635/229864","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://scholarbank.nus.edu.sg/handle/10635/229864","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S7407052290","display_name":"National University of Singapore","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:jupiter.its.unimelb.edu.au:11343/326358","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://hdl.handle.net/11343/326358","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4377196259","display_name":"Minerva Access (University of Melbourne)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I165779595","host_organization_name":"The University of Melbourne","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I165779595"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Journal Article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:repository.hkust.edu.hk:1783.1-123106","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://gateway.isiknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=WOS&KeyUT=000814421800001","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401796","display_name":"Rare & Special e-Zone (The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I200769079","host_organization_name":"Hong Kong University of Science and Technology","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I200769079"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1111/spol.12832","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1111/spol.12832","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1111/spol.12832","pdf_url":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdfdirect/10.1111/spol.12832","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S31120751","display_name":"Social Policy and Administration","issn_l":"0144-5596","issn":["0144-5596","1467-9515"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["abdc-a","anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","jufo-2","ki-jl-1","norway-1","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320595","host_organization_name":"Wiley","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320595"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Wiley"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Social Policy &amp; Administration","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.428600013256073,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","display_name":"Good health and well-being"}],"sustainable_development_goals_aurora":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320698","display_name":"National University of Singapore","ror":"https://ror.org/01tgyzw49"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320328618","display_name":"Lingnan University","ror":"https://ror.org/0563pg902"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320336870","display_name":"Lee Kuan Yew School of Public Policy, National University of Singapore","ror":null}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4283318564.pdf"},"referenced_works_count":46,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1147735437","https://openalex.org/W1819173779","https://openalex.org/W1907654032","https://openalex.org/W1956126445","https://openalex.org/W1973962553","https://openalex.org/W1977420904","https://openalex.org/W1984826867","https://openalex.org/W2019041536","https://openalex.org/W2021803718","https://openalex.org/W2025122900","https://openalex.org/W2038645891","https://openalex.org/W2038928177","https://openalex.org/W2049382664","https://openalex.org/W2055693555","https://openalex.org/W2056371669","https://openalex.org/W2074566178","https://openalex.org/W2084558300","https://openalex.org/W2097990026","https://openalex.org/W2102802839","https://openalex.org/W2110066007","https://openalex.org/W2115688167","https://openalex.org/W2122328620","https://openalex.org/W2126055292","https://openalex.org/W2129801194","https://openalex.org/W2143010699","https://openalex.org/W2145442411","https://openalex.org/W2159743120","https://openalex.org/W2167985294","https://openalex.org/W2340285710","https://openalex.org/W2588787311","https://openalex.org/W2616729184","https://openalex.org/W2743274911","https://openalex.org/W2811166104","https://openalex.org/W2883958670","https://openalex.org/W2884618659","https://openalex.org/W2900026771","https://openalex.org/W2912753153","https://openalex.org/W2913571020","https://openalex.org/W2949855882","https://openalex.org/W2976258142","https://openalex.org/W2994153865","https://openalex.org/W3048648285","https://openalex.org/W3119730436","https://openalex.org/W3156645261","https://openalex.org/W3199245808","https://openalex.org/W4250670702"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4417029293","https://openalex.org/W2391934772","https://openalex.org/W2314842369","https://openalex.org/W2544694219","https://openalex.org/W4416690729","https://openalex.org/W2133336536","https://openalex.org/W4236819809","https://openalex.org/W1512285780","https://openalex.org/W2411604067","https://openalex.org/W3010765558"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Abstract":[0],"Governments":[1],"across":[2],"the":[3,18,28,53,62,74,86,91,129,132,136,147,165,177],"globe":[4],"have":[5],"made":[6],"repeated":[7],"attempts":[8],"to":[9,108,121,159,175,199],"reform":[10],"their":[11],"health":[12,34,111,181],"systems":[13],"in":[14,32,36,134,173],"recent":[15,123],"decades":[16],"with":[17],"purpose":[19],"of":[20,30,49,67,114,131,167,179,190],"improving":[21],"access":[22],"while":[23],"containing":[24],"costs.":[25],"What":[26],"is":[27,55,76,106,193,198],"role":[29,46,130],"government":[31,54,75,133],"contemporary":[33,110],"policy":[35,69,95,112,191],"achieving":[37,109],"these":[38],"somewhat":[39],"contradictory":[40],"goals?":[41],"This":[42],"paper":[43],"conceptualises":[44],"this":[45,72,119],"as":[47],"one":[48],"\u201cactive":[50],"stewardship\u201d":[51],"wherein":[52],"a":[56,65,78,88,187],"central":[57,107],"actor":[58],"steering":[59],"and":[60,97,126,146,163,170],"coordinating":[61],"sector":[63,137],"through":[64],"portfolio":[66],"diverse":[68],"tools.":[70],"In":[71],"conceptualisation,":[73],"not":[77],"passive":[79],"participant\u2014in":[80],"merely":[81],"financing,":[82],"delivering,":[83],"or":[84],"regulating":[85],"sector\u2014but":[87],"steersman":[89],"at":[90],"helm":[92],"that":[93,103,128,156,186],"sets":[94],"objectives":[96],"actively":[98,161],"pursues":[99],"them.":[100],"We":[101,117],"argue":[102],"active":[104,196],"stewardship":[105,197],"priorities":[113],"universal":[115,180],"healthcare.":[116],"apply":[118],"conceptualisation":[120],"China's":[122,153],"healthcare":[124],"forms":[125],"show":[127],"governing":[135],"has":[138],"changed":[139],"substantially":[140],"over":[141],"time,":[142],"particularly":[143],"since":[144],"2009,":[145],"changes":[148],"are":[149],"showing":[150],"promising":[151],"results.":[152],"experience":[154],"suggests":[155,185],"governments":[157],"need":[158],"more":[160],"guide":[162],"shape":[164],"behaviour":[166],"both":[168],"public":[169],"private":[171],"players":[172],"order":[174],"achieve":[176],"goals":[178],"coverage.":[182],"It":[183],"also":[184],"high":[188],"degree":[189],"capacity":[192],"essential":[194],"if":[195],"be":[200],"effective.":[201]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2026-10-30T12:39:25.321706","created_date":"2022-06-24T00:00:00"}
