{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4283157722","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s40263-022-00927-z","title":"The Two Sides of Siponimod: Evidence for Brain and Immune Mechanisms in Multiple Sclerosis","display_name":"The Two Sides of Siponimod: Evidence for Brain and Immune Mechanisms in Multiple Sclerosis","publication_year":2022,"publication_date":"2022-06-20","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4283157722","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s40263-022-00927-z","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35725892","pmcid":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/9259525"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1007/s40263-022-00927-z","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s40263-022-00927-z","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s40263-022-00927-z","pdf_url":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s40263-022-00927-z.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S153913659","display_name":"CNS Drugs","issn_l":"1172-7047","issn":["1172-7047","1179-1934"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-c","doyens","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320330","host_organization_name":"Adis, Springer Healthcare","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320330","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Adis, Springer Healthcare","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"CNS Drugs","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"review","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"hybrid","oa_url":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s40263-022-00927-z.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5067317369","display_name":"STANLEY L. COHAN","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9568-346X","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9568-346X"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Stanley L. Cohan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Providence Multiple Sclerosis Center, Providence Brain Institute, 9135 SW Barnes Rd Suite 461, Portland, OR, 97225, USA. Stanley.Cohan@providence.org","Providence Multiple Sclerosis Center, Providence Brain Institute, 9135 SW Barnes Rd Suite 461, Portland, OR, 97225, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9568-346X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Providence Multiple Sclerosis Center, Providence Brain Institute, 9135 SW Barnes Rd Suite 461, Portland, OR, 97225, USA. Stanley.Cohan@providence.org","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Providence Multiple Sclerosis Center, Providence Brain Institute, 9135 SW Barnes Rd Suite 461, Portland, OR, 97225, USA","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5033147621","display_name":"Ralph H. B. Benedict","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2080-3631","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2080-3631"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I63190737","display_name":"University at Buffalo, State University of New York","ror":"https://ror.org/01y64my43","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I63190737"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ralph H. B. Benedict","raw_affiliation_strings":["University at Buffalo, State University of New York, Buffalo, NY, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2080-3631","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University at Buffalo, State University of New York, Buffalo, NY, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I63190737"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5020903163","display_name":"Bruce Cree","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7689-2533","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7689-2533"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I180670191","display_name":"University of California, San Francisco","ror":"https://ror.org/043mz5j54","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I180670191"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Bruce A. C. Cree","raw_affiliation_strings":["UCSF Weill Institute for Neurosciences, Department of Neurology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7689-2533","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"UCSF Weill Institute for Neurosciences, Department of Neurology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I180670191"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5061524175","display_name":"John DeLuca","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3745-4156","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3745-4156"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I250153783","display_name":"Kessler Foundation","ror":"https://ror.org/05hacyq28","country_code":"US","type":"nonprofit","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I250153783"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"John DeLuca","raw_affiliation_strings":["Kessler Foundation, West Orange, NJ, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3745-4156","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Kessler Foundation, West Orange, NJ, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I250153783"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5035194673","display_name":"Le H. Hua","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0535-3978","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0535-3978"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1316902750","display_name":"Cleveland Clinic","ror":"https://ror.org/03xjacd83","country_code":"US","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1316902750"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2800445466","display_name":"Lou Ruvo Brain Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/03wqknk68","country_code":"US","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2800445466"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Le H. Hua","raw_affiliation_strings":["Cleveland Clinic Lou Ruvo Center for Brain Health, Las Vegas, NV, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0535-3978","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Cleveland Clinic Lou Ruvo Center for Brain Health, Las Vegas, NV, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1316902750","https://openalex.org/I2800445466"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5014799222","display_name":"Jerold J. M. Chun","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3964-0921","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3964-0921"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I188891513","display_name":"Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/03m1g2s55","country_code":"US","type":"nonprofit","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I188891513"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jerold Chun","raw_affiliation_strings":["Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3964-0921","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I188891513"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":6,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5067317369"],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":{"value":4190,"currency":"USD","value_usd":4190},"apc_paid":{"value":4190,"currency":"USD","value_usd":4190},"fwci":1.4159,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":44,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.83163433,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":95,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"36","issue":"7","first_page":"703","last_page":"719"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10137","display_name":"Multiple Sclerosis Research Studies","score":0.9961000084877014,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2728","display_name":"Clinical Neurology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10137","display_name":"Multiple Sclerosis Research Studies","score":0.9961000084877014,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2728","display_name":"Clinical Neurology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11308","display_name":"Sphingolipid Metabolism and Signaling","score":0.0032999999821186066,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1312","display_name":"Molecular Biology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10945","display_name":"Lysosomal Storage Disorders Research","score":0.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2716","display_name":"Genetics (clinical)"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/siponimod","display_name":"siponimod","score":1.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sphingosine-1-phosphate-receptor-modulator","display_name":"sphingosine-1-phosphate receptor modulator","score":0.859000027179718},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/s1p1-receptor","display_name":"S1P1 receptor","score":0.8759999871253967},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/relapsing-multiple-sclerosis","display_name":"relapsing multiple sclerosis","score":0.9409999847412109},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/secondary-progressive-multiple-sclerosis","display_name":"secondary progressive multiple sclerosis","score":1.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/lymphocyte-egress","display_name":"lymphocyte egress","score":0.8569999933242798},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/blood-brain-barrier-penetration","display_name":"blood-brain barrier penetration","score":0.7179999947547913},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/neuroinflammation","display_name":"neuroinflammation","score":0.8159999847412109},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/neurodegeneration","display_name":"neurodegeneration","score":0.9810000061988831},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/neurofilament-light-chain","display_name":"neurofilament light chain","score":0.8989999890327454},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/gray-matter-atrophy","display_name":"gray matter atrophy","score":0.8949999809265137},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/magnetization-transfer-ratio","display_name":"magnetization transfer ratio","score":0.8500000238418579},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/disability-progression","display_name":"disability progression","score":0.9430000185966492}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780640218","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8277","display_name":"Multiple sclerosis","level":2,"score":0.6894205808639526},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.6746343374252319},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776925932","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1755122","display_name":"Neurodegeneration","level":3,"score":0.47230198979377747},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779830541","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1622829","display_name":"Microglia","level":3,"score":0.4509557783603668},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C87753298","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17157137","display_name":"Neuroinflammation","level":3,"score":0.4404422342777252},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C169760540","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207011","display_name":"Neuroscience","level":1,"score":0.4016878306865692},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142724271","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7208","display_name":"Pathology","level":1,"score":0.3361522853374481},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776914184","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q101991","display_name":"Inflammation","level":2,"score":0.27845966815948486},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126322002","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11180","display_name":"Internal medicine","level":1,"score":0.2555735111236572},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C203014093","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q101929","display_name":"Immunology","level":1,"score":0.22522249817848206},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.13182750344276428},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779134260","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12136","display_name":"Disease","level":2,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D001384","descriptor_name":"Azetidines","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D001593","descriptor_name":"Benzyl Compounds","qualifier_ui":"Q000494","qualifier_name":"pharmacology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D001921","descriptor_name":"Brain","qualifier_ui":"Q000000981","qualifier_name":"diagnostic imaging","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D007249","descriptor_name":"Inflammation","qualifier_ui":"Q000188","qualifier_name":"drug therapy","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D009103","descriptor_name":"Multiple Sclerosis","qualifier_ui":"Q000000981","qualifier_name":"diagnostic imaging","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D009103","descriptor_name":"Multiple Sclerosis","qualifier_ui":"Q000188","qualifier_name":"drug therapy","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D012008","descriptor_name":"Recurrence","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D020528","descriptor_name":"Multiple Sclerosis, Chronic Progressive","qualifier_ui":"Q000188","qualifier_name":"drug therapy","is_major_topic":true}],"locations_count":4,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1007/s40263-022-00927-z","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s40263-022-00927-z","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s40263-022-00927-z","pdf_url":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s40263-022-00927-z.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S153913659","display_name":"CNS Drugs","issn_l":"1172-7047","issn":["1172-7047","1179-1934"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-c","doyens","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320330","host_organization_name":"Adis, Springer Healthcare","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320330","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Adis, Springer Healthcare","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"CNS Drugs","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:9259525","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/9259525","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-nc","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"CNS Drugs","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmid:35725892","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35725892","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"CNS drugs","raw_type":"Journal Article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:escholarship.org:ark:/13030/qt3405n7nr","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/3405n7nr","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400115","display_name":"eScholarship (California Digital Library)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I2801248553","host_organization_name":"California Digital Library","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2801248553"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-nc","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"CNS Drugs, vol 36, iss 7","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1007/s40263-022-00927-z","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s40263-022-00927-z","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s40263-022-00927-z","pdf_url":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s40263-022-00927-z.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S153913659","display_name":"CNS Drugs","issn_l":"1172-7047","issn":["1172-7047","1179-1934"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-c","doyens","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320330","host_organization_name":"Adis, Springer Healthcare","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320330","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Adis, Springer Healthcare","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"CNS Drugs","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","display_name":"Good health and well-being","score":0.9940000176429749}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306161","display_name":"National Multiple Sclerosis Society","ror":"https://ror.org/03019wv17"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320307781","display_name":"Sanofi","ror":"https://ror.org/027vj4x92"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320308604","display_name":"Biogen","ror":"https://ror.org/02jqkb192"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320309086","display_name":"Celgene","ror":"https://ror.org/0527yg379"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320309432","display_name":"F. Hoffmann-La Roche","ror":"https://ror.org/00by1q217"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320310388","display_name":"Novartis Pharmaceuticals Corporation","ror":"https://ror.org/028fhxy95"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320084","display_name":"Multiple Sclerosis Society","ror":"https://ror.org/043fwdk81"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332193","display_name":"Genentech","ror":"https://ror.org/04gndp242"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332200","display_name":"EMD Serono","ror":"https://ror.org/027zrs220"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320333587","display_name":"Sanofi Genzyme","ror":null}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4283157722.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4283157722.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":118,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W42654371","https://openalex.org/W153101962","https://openalex.org/W1493585689","https://openalex.org/W1549006420","https://openalex.org/W1554042779","https://openalex.org/W1912698152","https://openalex.org/W1963793744","https://openalex.org/W1980374113","https://openalex.org/W1982334431","https://openalex.org/W1986092959","https://openalex.org/W1991572217","https://openalex.org/W1994080411","https://openalex.org/W1997965901","https://openalex.org/W2002444618","https://openalex.org/W2005419194","https://openalex.org/W2006985918","https://openalex.org/W2008603022","https://openalex.org/W2013234597","https://openalex.org/W2015541518","https://openalex.org/W2024921751","https://openalex.org/W2028031986","https://openalex.org/W2035208392","https://openalex.org/W2046677899","https://openalex.org/W2046826638","https://openalex.org/W2049363669","https://openalex.org/W2052761964","https://openalex.org/W2068019570","https://openalex.org/W2072718666","https://openalex.org/W2082317598","https://openalex.org/W2085767042","https://openalex.org/W2096771031","https://openalex.org/W2096842388","https://openalex.org/W2096967123","https://openalex.org/W2102478723","https://openalex.org/W2105206040","https://openalex.org/W2109380000","https://openalex.org/W2110294085","https://openalex.org/W2112165124","https://openalex.org/W2120307001","https://openalex.org/W2123311421","https://openalex.org/W2124153461","https://openalex.org/W2124440700","https://openalex.org/W2127330795","https://openalex.org/W2132924600","https://openalex.org/W2137101980","https://openalex.org/W2139560482","https://openalex.org/W2142577589","https://openalex.org/W2145876349","https://openalex.org/W2148333046","https://openalex.org/W2148667555","https://openalex.org/W2151358435","https://openalex.org/W2152730481","https://openalex.org/W2153518194","https://openalex.org/W2154116107","https://openalex.org/W2157586986","https://openalex.org/W2160209245","https://openalex.org/W2168760032","https://openalex.org/W2168932712","https://openalex.org/W2190341771","https://openalex.org/W2248580189","https://openalex.org/W2254322651","https://openalex.org/W2293079710","https://openalex.org/W2300922079","https://openalex.org/W2325038063","https://openalex.org/W2471246678","https://openalex.org/W2471513101","https://openalex.org/W2472857726","https://openalex.org/W2506374602","https://openalex.org/W2512303823","https://openalex.org/W2517566610","https://openalex.org/W2588292672","https://openalex.org/W2589559048","https://openalex.org/W2606541781","https://openalex.org/W2614808368","https://openalex.org/W2740199658","https://openalex.org/W2754494528","https://openalex.org/W2769381839","https://openalex.org/W2783862753","https://openalex.org/W2790816436","https://openalex.org/W2793453767","https://openalex.org/W2793526309","https://openalex.org/W2794201194","https://openalex.org/W2885927965","https://openalex.org/W2888865579","https://openalex.org/W2888900801","https://openalex.org/W2890335646","https://openalex.org/W2896912757","https://openalex.org/W2897299107","https://openalex.org/W2909092545","https://openalex.org/W2909270098","https://openalex.org/W2914396477","https://openalex.org/W2950468535","https://openalex.org/W2952602120","https://openalex.org/W2952686744","https://openalex.org/W2958023986","https://openalex.org/W2989756568","https://openalex.org/W2993076331","https://openalex.org/W2995943719","https://openalex.org/W2999212267","https://openalex.org/W2999906211","https://openalex.org/W3015602791","https://openalex.org/W3019192457","https://openalex.org/W3024386069","https://openalex.org/W3028649032","https://openalex.org/W3039421804","https://openalex.org/W3043468850","https://openalex.org/W3100414769","https://openalex.org/W3107003361","https://openalex.org/W3110272217","https://openalex.org/W3111909225","https://openalex.org/W3112364762","https://openalex.org/W3178657798","https://openalex.org/W3209574759","https://openalex.org/W3214599091","https://openalex.org/W4220834195","https://openalex.org/W4220926696","https://openalex.org/W4247118366","https://openalex.org/W4249484872"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2980134220","https://openalex.org/W3044316681","https://openalex.org/W2765090859","https://openalex.org/W4404749548","https://openalex.org/W3196909241","https://openalex.org/W4308118431","https://openalex.org/W3194217482","https://openalex.org/W4291016299","https://openalex.org/W2991464762","https://openalex.org/W4381955569"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Siponimod":[0],"is":[1,176],"a":[2,54,96,143],"selective":[3],"sphingosine":[4],"1-phosphate":[5],"receptor":[6,74],"subtype":[7],"1":[8,10,73,137],"(S1P":[9,14],")":[11,16],"and":[12,23,48,65,112,116,138,152,160,191,193,206,216],"5":[13,15,140],"modulator":[17],"approved":[18],"in":[19,164,180,201,227],"the":[20,24,88,91,129,214,220],"United":[21],"States":[22],"European":[25],"Union":[26],"as":[27],"an":[28,71],"oral":[29],"treatment":[30,175],"for":[31,53],"adults":[32],"with":[33,120,166,172,178,198],"relapsing":[34],"forms":[35],"of":[36,57,59,98,123,145,182,188,223,225],"multiple":[37,44],"sclerosis":[38,45],"(RMS),":[39],"including":[40,148],"active":[41],"secondary":[42],"progressive":[43],"(SPMS).":[46],"Preclinical":[47],"clinical":[49,217],"studies":[50],"provide":[51],"support":[52],"dual":[55,221],"mechanism":[56,222],"action":[58,224],"siponimod,":[60],"targeting":[61],"peripherally":[62],"mediated":[63],"inflammation":[64,159],"exerting":[66],"direct":[67],"central":[68,92],"effects.":[69],"As":[70,95],"S1P":[72,136,139],"modulator,":[75],"siponimod":[76,103,126,174,226],"reduces":[77,104],"lymphocyte":[78],"egress":[79],"from":[80,87],"lymph":[81],"nodes,":[82],"thus":[83],"inhibiting":[84],"their":[85],"migration":[86],"periphery":[89],"to":[90,135,156],"nervous":[93],"system.":[94],"result":[97],"its":[99],"peripheral":[100],"immunomodulatory":[101],"effects,":[102,125],"both":[105],"magnetic":[106],"resonance":[107],"imaging":[108],"(MRI)":[109],"lesion":[110],"(gadolinium-enhancing":[111],"new/enlarging":[113],"T2":[114],"hyperintense)":[115],"relapse":[117],"activity":[118],"compared":[119,171],"placebo.":[121],"Independent":[122],"these":[124],"can":[127],"penetrate":[128],"blood\u2013brain":[130],"barrier":[131],"and,":[132],"by":[133],"binding":[134],"receptors":[141],"on":[142],"variety":[144],"brain":[146],"cells,":[147],"astrocytes,":[149],"oligodendrocytes,":[150],"neurons,":[151],"microglia,":[153],"exert":[154],"effects":[155],"modulate":[157],"neural":[158],"neurodegeneration.":[161],"Clinical":[162],"data":[163,218],"patients":[165],"SPMS":[167],"have":[168],"shown":[169],"that,":[170],"placebo,":[173],"associated":[177],"reductions":[179,200],"levels":[181],"neurofilament":[183],"light":[184],"chain":[185],"(a":[186],"marker":[187],"neuroaxonal":[189],"damage)":[190],"thalamic":[192],"cortical":[194],"gray":[195],"matter":[196],"atrophy,":[197],"smaller":[199],"MRI":[202],"magnetization":[203],"transfer":[204],"ratio":[205],"reduced":[207],"confirmed":[208],"disability":[209],"progression.":[210],"This":[211],"review":[212],"examines":[213],"preclinical":[215],"supporting":[219],"RMS.":[228]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":10},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":14},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2026-11-06T12:05:46.655746","created_date":"2022-06-21T00:00:00"}
