{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4283075744","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/educsci12060417","title":"Building Improvised Microbial Fuel Cells: A Model Integrated STEM Curriculum for Middle-School Learners in Singapore","display_name":"Building Improvised Microbial Fuel Cells: A Model Integrated STEM Curriculum for Middle-School Learners in Singapore","publication_year":2022,"publication_date":"2022-06-18","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4283075744","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/educsci12060417"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/educsci12060417","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/educsci12060417","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/educsci12060417","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2227-7102/12/6/417/pdf?version=1655686559","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2738008561","display_name":"Education Sciences","issn_l":"2227-7102","issn":["2227-7102"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","erih-plus","norway-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Education Sciences","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2227-7102/12/6/417/pdf?version=1655686559","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5006501785","display_name":"Oon Seng Tan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2986-2782","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2986-2782"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I172675005","display_name":"Nanyang Technological University","ror":"https://ror.org/02e7b5302","country_code":"SG","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I172675005"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I194744927","display_name":"National Institute of Education","ror":"https://ror.org/02fhgbp51","country_code":null,"type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I172675005","https://openalex.org/I194744927"]}],"countries":["SG"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Timothy Ter Ming Tan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Natural Sciences and Science Education Academic Group, National Institute of Education, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 637616, Singapore"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2986-2782","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Natural Sciences and Science Education Academic Group, National Institute of Education, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 637616, Singapore","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I172675005","https://openalex.org/I194744927"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5087986800","display_name":"Yew\u2010Jin Lee","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3286-2778","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3286-2778"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I172675005","display_name":"Nanyang Technological University","ror":"https://ror.org/02e7b5302","country_code":"SG","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I172675005"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I194744927","display_name":"National Institute of Education","ror":"https://ror.org/02fhgbp51","country_code":null,"type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I172675005","https://openalex.org/I194744927"]}],"countries":["SG"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Yew-Jin Lee","raw_affiliation_strings":["Natural Sciences and Science Education Academic Group, National Institute of Education, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 637616, Singapore"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3286-2778","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Natural Sciences and Science Education Academic Group, National Institute of Education, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 637616, Singapore","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I172675005","https://openalex.org/I194744927"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5087986800"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I172675005","https://openalex.org/I194744927"],"apc_list":{"value":1400,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":1466},"apc_paid":{"value":1400,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":1466},"fwci":4.7641,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":14,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.95070663,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":88,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"12","issue":"6","first_page":"417","last_page":"417"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10072","display_name":"Science Education and Pedagogy","score":0.9976000189781189,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3304","display_name":"Education"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10072","display_name":"Science Education and Pedagogy","score":0.9976000189781189,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3304","display_name":"Education"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12590","display_name":"STEM Education","score":0.0008999999845400453,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3304","display_name":"Education"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10672","display_name":"Design Education and Practice","score":0.00019999999494757503,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2210","display_name":"Mechanical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/microbial-fuel-cells","display_name":"microbial fuel cells","score":0.878000020980835},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/integrated-stem-education","display_name":"STEM integration","score":0.6600000262260437},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/middle-school-science-education","display_name":"junior high school science","score":0.7350000143051147},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering-design-challenges","display_name":"engineering design challenges","score":0.7940000295639038},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering-literacy","display_name":"engineering literacy","score":0.7390000224113464},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/scientific-literacy","display_name":"scientific literacy","score":0.7329999804496765},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/inquiry-based-learning","display_name":"inquiry-based learning","score":0.6809999942779541},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/enrichment-programs","display_name":"enrichment programs","score":0.765999972820282},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/evidence-based-reasoning","display_name":"evidence-based reasoning","score":0.8600000143051147},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/problem-solving","display_name":"problem solving","score":0.746999979019165}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C47177190","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207137","display_name":"Curriculum","level":2,"score":0.8018269538879395},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C145420912","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q853077","display_name":"Mathematics education","level":1,"score":0.6120014786720276},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77379859","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2064596","display_name":"Scientific literacy","level":3,"score":0.5448513031005859},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C44877443","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2485457","display_name":"Science education","level":2,"score":0.470253586769104},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779532063","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3623716","display_name":"Inquiry-based learning","level":2,"score":0.4599553346633911},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C5041995","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q853745","display_name":"Engineering education","level":2,"score":0.4515858292579651},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136197465","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1729295","display_name":"Variety (cybernetics)","level":2,"score":0.44583794474601746},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C19417346","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7922","display_name":"Pedagogy","level":1,"score":0.4408876895904541},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778308277","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25304922","display_name":"21st century skills","level":2,"score":0.43220287561416626},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C547764534","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8236","display_name":"Literacy","level":2,"score":0.41747766733169556},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.4115290641784668},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.31507623195648193},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.3053314983844757},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C110354214","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6314146","display_name":"Engineering management","level":1,"score":0.19240891933441162},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.1405370831489563}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/educsci12060417","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/educsci12060417","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/educsci12060417","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2227-7102/12/6/417/pdf?version=1655686559","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2738008561","display_name":"Education Sciences","issn_l":"2227-7102","issn":["2227-7102"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","erih-plus","norway-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Education Sciences","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:repository.nie.edu.sg:10497/24595","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/educsci12060417","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S7407063280","display_name":"NIE Digital Repository (National Institute of Education, Nanyang Technological University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:d7e516b6145446ca89a2c8856df15a70","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/d7e516b6145446ca89a2c8856df15a70","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Education Sciences, Vol 12, Iss 6, p 417 (2022)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/educsci12060417","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/educsci12060417","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/educsci12060417","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2227-7102/12/6/417/pdf?version=1655686559","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2738008561","display_name":"Education Sciences","issn_l":"2227-7102","issn":["2227-7102"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","erih-plus","norway-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Education Sciences","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.9901999831199646,"display_name":"Quality education","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/4"}],"sustainable_development_goals_aurora":[{"score":0.8999999761581421,"display_name":"Quality education","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/4"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8707658270","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"OER 1/12 LYJ","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320336813","funder_display_name":"National Institute of Education, Nanyang Technological University"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320766","display_name":"Nanyang Technological University","ror":"https://ror.org/02e7b5302"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320336813","display_name":"National Institute of Education, Nanyang Technological University","ror":"https://ror.org/02fhgbp51"}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4283075744.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4283075744.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":38,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W562316309","https://openalex.org/W1581894930","https://openalex.org/W1972192916","https://openalex.org/W1976707687","https://openalex.org/W1990539237","https://openalex.org/W2002069561","https://openalex.org/W2003596627","https://openalex.org/W2016557258","https://openalex.org/W2021661877","https://openalex.org/W2025335260","https://openalex.org/W2025677634","https://openalex.org/W2029425561","https://openalex.org/W2032359173","https://openalex.org/W2069788741","https://openalex.org/W2071318150","https://openalex.org/W2120930971","https://openalex.org/W2121744999","https://openalex.org/W2122581859","https://openalex.org/W2131370811","https://openalex.org/W2143673341","https://openalex.org/W2145254651","https://openalex.org/W2156998818","https://openalex.org/W2165662378","https://openalex.org/W2265745964","https://openalex.org/W2468792982","https://openalex.org/W2505090097","https://openalex.org/W2522395822","https://openalex.org/W2595760534","https://openalex.org/W2604443026","https://openalex.org/W2901731214","https://openalex.org/W2938579880","https://openalex.org/W3034461528","https://openalex.org/W3042089948","https://openalex.org/W4244443827","https://openalex.org/W4245657279","https://openalex.org/W4256232260","https://openalex.org/W6657011474","https://openalex.org/W6727144006"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2042727131","https://openalex.org/W1508383327","https://openalex.org/W4398766425","https://openalex.org/W4310185961","https://openalex.org/W4404208308","https://openalex.org/W4404017857","https://openalex.org/W4382071012","https://openalex.org/W4298080187","https://openalex.org/W2358451865","https://openalex.org/W4303946448"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0],"benefits":[1],"of":[2,87,103,133,157,173],"STEM":[3,31],"education":[4],"for":[5,37,59,161,170],"learning":[6,53,108],"important":[7],"knowledge,":[8],"skills,":[9,129],"and":[10,111,118,130,164],"affect":[11],"are":[12],"widely":[13],"accepted,":[14],"though":[15],"the":[16,34,75,101,115,153,171],"former":[17],"is":[18],"currently":[19],"absent":[20],"in":[21,98,114],"Singapore\u2019s":[22],"formal":[23],"curriculum.":[24],"This":[25,148],"study":[26,151],"therefore":[27],"describes":[28],"a":[29,80,131,158,168],"model-integrated":[30],"curriculum":[32,76,160],"at":[33],"middle-school":[35,162],"level":[36],"developing":[38],"scientific":[39],"as":[40,79,136,167],"well":[41],"engineering":[42,56,112],"literacy.":[43],"Based":[44],"on":[45],"design-based":[46],"inquiry":[47,51],"(DBI),":[48],"it":[49],"incorporated":[50],"science":[52,70,110],"with":[54,69,84],"an":[55],"design":[57],"challenge":[58],"students":[60,90,123,163],"to":[61],"build":[62],"improvised":[63],"microbial":[64],"fuel":[65],"cells":[66],"(MFC).":[67],"Co-planned":[68],"teachers":[71],"from":[72,94],"various":[73,127],"disciplines,":[74],"was":[77],"implemented":[78],"10-week":[81],"enrichment":[82],"program":[83],"two":[85],"groups":[86],"Grade":[88],"8":[89],"(N":[91],"=":[92],"77)":[93],"one":[95],"secondary":[96],"school":[97],"Singapore.":[99],"Through":[100],"use":[102],"vignettes,":[104],"we":[105],"show":[106],"how":[107],"about/of":[109],"occurred":[113],"conceptual,":[116],"epistemic,":[117],"social":[119],"domains.":[120],"In":[121],"addition,":[122],"applied":[124],"evidence-based":[125],"reasoning,":[126],"epistemic":[128],"variety":[132],"problem-solving":[134],"approaches":[135],"they":[137],"iteratively":[138],"improved":[139],"their":[140],"MFC":[141],"set-ups,":[142],"which":[143],"often":[144],"outperformed":[145],"commercial":[146],"kits.":[147],"proof-of-concept":[149],"case":[150],"represents":[152],"first":[154],"successful":[155],"implementation":[156],"STEM-integrated":[159],"can":[165],"serve":[166],"model":[169],"development":[172],"similar":[174],"programs":[175],"elsewhere.":[176]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-09-29T14:09:16.559479","created_date":"2022-06-19T00:00:00"}
