{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4283016312","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1117/1.jei.31.5.051420","title":"RETRACTED: Hybrid whale optimization algorithm-Levy flight approach for multilevel thresholding image segmentation","display_name":"RETRACTED: Hybrid whale optimization algorithm-Levy flight approach for multilevel thresholding image segmentation","publication_year":2022,"publication_date":"2022-06-16","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4283016312","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1117/1.jei.31.5.051420"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1117/1.jei.31.5.051420","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1117/1.jei.31.5.051420","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1117/1.jei.31.5.051420","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S158511090","display_name":"Journal of Electronic Imaging","issn_l":"1017-9909","issn":["1017-9909","1560-229X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-c","jufo-1","norway-1","poland-40","russia-white-list-2","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310315543","host_organization_name":"SPIE","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310315543"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["SPIE"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Electronic Imaging","raw_type":"journal-article"},"parent_works":[],"lineage":["https://openalex.org/W4283016312"],"child_works_count":0,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5022437392","display_name":"Basu Dev Shivahare","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9095-6350","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9095-6350"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I116943215","display_name":"Dr. A.P.J. Abdul Kalam Technical University","ror":"https://ror.org/03h56sg55","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I116943215"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I3129367976","display_name":"APJ Abdul Kalam Technological University","ror":"https://ror.org/04yn30r61","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I3129367976"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Basu Dev Shivahare","raw_affiliation_strings":["Dr. A.P.J. Abdul Kalam Technical Univ","Dr. A.P.J. Abdul Kalam Technical University, Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9095-6350","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dr. A.P.J. Abdul Kalam Technical Univ","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I116943215","https://openalex.org/I3129367976"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dr. A.P.J. Abdul Kalam Technical University, Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I116943215"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5110846771","display_name":"Sanjai Kumar Gupta","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I190570697","display_name":"Bundelkhand University","ror":"https://ror.org/0003ewr82","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I190570697"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sanjai Kumar Gupta","raw_affiliation_strings":["Bundelkhand Institute of Engineering & Technology, Jhansi","Bundelkhand Institute of Engineering and Technology Jhansi, Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Jhansi, Uttar Pradesh, India"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Bundelkhand Institute of Engineering & Technology, Jhansi","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I190570697"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Bundelkhand Institute of Engineering and Technology Jhansi, Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Jhansi, Uttar Pradesh, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I190570697"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.6639,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":10,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.66192872,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":88,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"31","issue":"05","first_page":"1","last_page":"41"},"is_retracted":true,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10100","display_name":"Metaheuristic Optimization Algorithms Research","score":0.8651999831199646,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10100","display_name":"Metaheuristic Optimization Algorithms Research","score":0.8651999831199646,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10052","display_name":"Medical Image Segmentation Techniques","score":0.1264999955892563,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11019","display_name":"Image Enhancement Techniques","score":0.0005000000237487257,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/levy-flight","display_name":"L\u00e9vy flight","score":0.9810000061988831},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/multilevel-thresholding","display_name":"multilevel thresholding","score":0.9940000176429749},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/image-segmentation","display_name":"image segmentation","score":0.9269999861717224},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/metaheuristic-optimization","display_name":"metaheuristic optimization","score":0.9160000085830688}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C191178318","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2256906","display_name":"Thresholding","level":3,"score":0.7165840268135071},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124504099","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q56933","display_name":"Image segmentation","level":3,"score":0.6438577771186829},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.6180346012115479},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5822878479957581},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C85617194","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2072794","display_name":"Particle swarm optimization","level":2,"score":0.5172680020332336},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C89600930","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1423946","display_name":"Segmentation","level":2,"score":0.49600180983543396},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C141934464","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3305386","display_name":"Local optimum","level":2,"score":0.4818354845046997},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C118918019","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4114998","display_name":"L\u00e9vy flight","level":3,"score":0.47866091132164},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.4734073579311371},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C109718341","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1385229","display_name":"Metaheuristic","level":2,"score":0.4533975124359131},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C122357587","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6934508","display_name":"Multi-swarm optimization","level":3,"score":0.43778547644615173},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.3695197105407715},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.35937994718551636},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.2801278531551361},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115961682","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q860623","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.224656879901886},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121194460","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q856741","display_name":"Random walk","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1117/1.jei.31.5.051420","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1117/1.jei.31.5.051420","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1117/1.jei.31.5.051420","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S158511090","display_name":"Journal of Electronic Imaging","issn_l":"1017-9909","issn":["1017-9909","1560-229X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-c","jufo-1","norway-1","poland-40","russia-white-list-2","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310315543","host_organization_name":"SPIE","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310315543"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["SPIE"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Electronic Imaging","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":27,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W561235932","https://openalex.org/W971645397","https://openalex.org/W1485507083","https://openalex.org/W1998843893","https://openalex.org/W2011430131","https://openalex.org/W2083970667","https://openalex.org/W2089045143","https://openalex.org/W2114770744","https://openalex.org/W2120627761","https://openalex.org/W2133059825","https://openalex.org/W2153777140","https://openalex.org/W2232317135","https://openalex.org/W2278035242","https://openalex.org/W2290883490","https://openalex.org/W2476081430","https://openalex.org/W2605396865","https://openalex.org/W2605810061","https://openalex.org/W2886499297","https://openalex.org/W2892295558","https://openalex.org/W2922096023","https://openalex.org/W2923345427","https://openalex.org/W2963103847","https://openalex.org/W3004030808","https://openalex.org/W3022063119","https://openalex.org/W3046634803","https://openalex.org/W3096682064","https://openalex.org/W4220918508"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2997379824","https://openalex.org/W4380991842","https://openalex.org/W3133627529","https://openalex.org/W4281561187","https://openalex.org/W4410304315","https://openalex.org/W4401822662","https://openalex.org/W3214729164","https://openalex.org/W3046634803","https://openalex.org/W3201722048","https://openalex.org/W4220756552"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,34],"Editor-in-Chief":[1],"and":[2,36,45,50],"the":[3,27,43,48,54],"publisher":[4,37],"have":[5,40],"retracted":[6],"this":[7],"article,":[8],"which":[9],"was":[10],"submitted":[11],"as":[12],"part":[13],"of":[14,23,26,47],"a":[15],"guest-edited":[16],"special":[17],"section.":[18],"An":[19],"investigation":[20],"uncovered":[21],"evidence":[22],"systematic":[24],"manipulation":[25],"publication":[28],"process,":[29],"including":[30],"compromised":[31],"peer":[32],"review.":[33],"Editor":[35],"no":[38],"longer":[39],"confidence":[41],"in":[42],"results":[44],"conclusions":[46],"article.BDS":[49],"SKG":[51],"agree":[52],"with":[53],"retraction.":[55]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-11-10T11:39:43.021295","created_date":"2022-06-18T00:00:00"}