{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4282029985","doi":"https://doi.org/10.2166/ws.2022.234","title":"An experimental study of air-demand ratio in free-surface gated circular conduits","display_name":"An experimental study of air-demand ratio in free-surface gated circular conduits","publication_year":2022,"publication_date":"2022-06-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4282029985","doi":"https://doi.org/10.2166/ws.2022.234"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.2166/ws.2022.234","doi":"https://doi.org/10.2166/ws.2022.234","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.2166/ws.2022.234","pdf_url":"https://iwaponline.com/ws/article-pdf/22/6/5933/1070707/ws022065933.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S124453322","display_name":"Water Science & Technology Water Supply","issn_l":"1606-9749","issn":["1606-9749","1607-0798"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","norway-1","poland-20","russia-white-list-3","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320298","host_organization_name":"IWA Publishing","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320298"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["IWA Publishing"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Water Supply","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"hybrid","oa_url":"https://iwaponline.com/ws/article-pdf/22/6/5933/1070707/ws022065933.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101782414","display_name":"\u0130brahim Halil Demirel","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4932-9443","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4932-9443","https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8087-3474"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I32481161","display_name":"Batman University","ror":"https://ror.org/051tsqh55","country_code":"TR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I32481161"]}],"countries":["TR"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"I. H. Demirel","raw_affiliation_strings":["a Kozluk Vocational High School, Batman University, Kozluk, Batman 72400, Turkey","Kozluk Vocational High School, Batman University, Kozluk, Batman 72400, Turkey"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4932-9443","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"a Kozluk Vocational High School, Batman University, Kozluk, Batman 72400, Turkey","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I32481161"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Kozluk Vocational High School, Batman University, Kozluk, Batman 72400, Turkey","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I32481161"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5056152699","display_name":"Fahri \u00d6zkan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8226-6034","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8226-6034"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I143396566","display_name":"F\u0131rat University","ror":"https://ror.org/05teb7b63","country_code":"TR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I143396566"]}],"countries":["TR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"F. Ozkan","raw_affiliation_strings":["b Faculty of Technology, Dept. of Civil Engineering, Firat University, Elazig 23119, Turkey","Faculty of Technology, Dept. of Civil Engineering, Firat University, Elazig 23119, Turkey"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8226-6034","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"b Faculty of Technology, Dept. of Civil Engineering, Firat University, Elazig 23119, Turkey","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I143396566"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Faculty of Technology, Dept. of Civil Engineering, Firat University, Elazig 23119, Turkey","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I143396566"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5101782414"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I32481161"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.1058,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":2,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.33713209,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":88,"max":95},"biblio":{"volume":"22","issue":"6","first_page":"5933","last_page":"5946"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12022","display_name":"Hydraulic flow and structures","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2205","display_name":"Civil and Structural Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12022","display_name":"Hydraulic flow and structures","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2205","display_name":"Civil and Structural Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11220","display_name":"Water Systems and Optimization","score":0.0003000000142492354,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2205","display_name":"Civil and Structural Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13951","display_name":"Fluid dynamics and aerodynamics studies","score":9.999999747378752e-05,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2206","display_name":"Computational Mechanics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/aeration","display_name":"aeration","score":0.824999988079071},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/free-surface-flow","display_name":"free surface flow","score":0.906000018119812},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/air-vents","display_name":"air vents","score":0.9010000228881836},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/air-inlets","display_name":"air inlets","score":0.46799999475479126},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/froude-number","display_name":"Froude number","score":0.9520000219345093},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/gate-opening","display_name":"gate opening","score":0.9110000133514404}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C206835866","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q273090","display_name":"Froude number","level":3,"score":0.7718532681465149},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C89836073","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1719631","display_name":"Electrical conduit","level":2,"score":0.7014786601066589},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C116067010","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4698686","display_name":"Airflow","level":2,"score":0.5279772877693176},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39432304","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188847","display_name":"Environmental science","level":0,"score":0.4710136651992798},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C23795335","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1790295","display_name":"Suction","level":2,"score":0.44571614265441895},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C172120300","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1134348","display_name":"Volumetric flow rate","level":2,"score":0.4436708092689514},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C57879066","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q41217","display_name":"Mechanics","level":1,"score":0.4021749496459961},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38349280","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1434290","display_name":"Flow (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.3775348663330078},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192562407","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228736","display_name":"Materials science","level":0,"score":0.3378479480743408},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153294291","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25261","display_name":"Meteorology","level":1,"score":0.29928794503211975},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.16266700625419617},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C78519656","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q101333","display_name":"Mechanical engineering","level":1,"score":0.0978485643863678},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.08498099446296692}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.2166/ws.2022.234","doi":"https://doi.org/10.2166/ws.2022.234","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.2166/ws.2022.234","pdf_url":"https://iwaponline.com/ws/article-pdf/22/6/5933/1070707/ws022065933.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S124453322","display_name":"Water Science & Technology Water Supply","issn_l":"1606-9749","issn":["1606-9749","1607-0798"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","norway-1","poland-20","russia-white-list-3","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320298","host_organization_name":"IWA Publishing","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320298"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["IWA Publishing"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Water Supply","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:openaccess.firat.edu.tr:11508/46530","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://hdl.handle.net/11508/46530","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4377196733","display_name":"DSpace - FIRAT (F\u0131rat University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I143396566","host_organization_name":"F\u0131rat University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I143396566"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.2166/ws.2022.234","doi":"https://doi.org/10.2166/ws.2022.234","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.2166/ws.2022.234","pdf_url":"https://iwaponline.com/ws/article-pdf/22/6/5933/1070707/ws022065933.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S124453322","display_name":"Water Science & Technology Water Supply","issn_l":"1606-9749","issn":["1606-9749","1607-0798"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","norway-1","poland-20","russia-white-list-3","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320298","host_organization_name":"IWA Publishing","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320298"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["IWA Publishing"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Water Supply","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4282029985.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4282029985.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":19,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W349796544","https://openalex.org/W1966852751","https://openalex.org/W1978976889","https://openalex.org/W1979604740","https://openalex.org/W1982213161","https://openalex.org/W1984451583","https://openalex.org/W2013339894","https://openalex.org/W2083192958","https://openalex.org/W2088292376","https://openalex.org/W2089766944","https://openalex.org/W2123920956","https://openalex.org/W2127268617","https://openalex.org/W2142058316","https://openalex.org/W2168376229","https://openalex.org/W2229103833","https://openalex.org/W2267208290","https://openalex.org/W3029667011","https://openalex.org/W3171864766","https://openalex.org/W4206497443"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2126161463","https://openalex.org/W3171864766","https://openalex.org/W4376616312","https://openalex.org/W4398147991","https://openalex.org/W4379409252","https://openalex.org/W7140211117","https://openalex.org/W3029667011","https://openalex.org/W3037868927","https://openalex.org/W3130716172","https://openalex.org/W1978976889"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Abstract":[0],"Aeration":[1],"is":[2,15,181,191],"the":[3,7,28,39,50,57,60,64,98,104,109,112,120,133,142,145,155,166,170,184,188,194,198],"process":[4],"by":[5,18,22,73,193],"which":[6],"area":[8],"of":[9,41,67,88,111,138,144,169,197],"contact":[10],"between":[11],"water":[12],"and":[13,85],"air":[14,61,65,69,75,117,135,146,185,189],"increased,":[16],"either":[17],"natural":[19],"methods":[20],"or":[21],"mechanical":[23],"devices.":[24],"This":[25],"study":[26],"investigated":[27],"most":[29],"suitable":[30],"design":[31],"to":[32,125],"provide":[33],"a":[34,151,159,177],"maximum":[35],"air-demand":[36,91,105,156],"ratio":[37,92],"in":[38,45,115],"case":[40],"free":[42],"surface":[43],"flow":[44,95],"gated":[46,171],"circular":[47],"conduits.":[48],"In":[49,97],"experiments":[51],"performed":[52],"for":[53,81,90,132],"this":[54],"purpose,":[55],"as":[56],"parameters":[58],"affecting":[59],"demand":[62,136],"ratio,":[63],"inlet":[66],"each":[68],"vent":[70,147],"was":[71,101,123],"measured":[72],"opening":[74],"vents":[76,190],"at":[77],"regular":[78],"intervals":[79],"downstream":[80,168],"different":[82,86],"conduit":[83,172],"openings":[84],"lengths":[87],"conduits":[89,131],"depending":[93],"on":[94,154],"rates.":[96],"study,":[99],"it":[100,161],"observed":[102],"that":[103,165,183],"ratios":[106],"increased":[107],"with":[108],"increase":[110],"Froude":[113],"number":[114],"all":[116],"vents.":[118],"Although":[119],"Qa/Qw":[121],"value":[122],"found":[124],"be":[126],"0.28":[127],"in.the":[128],"6":[129],"m":[130],"best":[134],"rate":[137],"2.5%":[139],"gate":[140],"opening,":[141],"location":[143],"did":[148],"not":[149,175],"have":[150],"significant":[152],"effect":[153,196],"ratio.":[157],"As":[158],"result,":[160],"has":[162],"been":[163],"understood":[164],"suction":[167],"flows":[173],"does":[174],"show":[176],"local":[178],"change.":[179],"It":[180],"thought":[182],"sucked":[186],"from":[187],"formed":[192],"drag":[195],"water.":[199]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-11-13T13:42:25.865203","created_date":"2022-06-13T00:00:00"}
