{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4281480171","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/agriculture12060740","title":"Diversified and Sustainable Business Strategy of Smallholder Farmers in the Suburbs of Taiwan","display_name":"Diversified and Sustainable Business Strategy of Smallholder Farmers in the Suburbs of Taiwan","publication_year":2022,"publication_date":"2022-05-24","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4281480171","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/agriculture12060740"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/agriculture12060740","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/agriculture12060740","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/agriculture12060740","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2077-0472/12/6/740/pdf?version=1653380924","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210202585","display_name":"Agriculture","issn_l":"2077-0472","issn":["2077-0472"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","doaj","norway-1","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Agriculture","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2077-0472/12/6/740/pdf?version=1653380924","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5103059123","display_name":"Ching\u2010Sung Lee","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4394-4242","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4394-4242"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I114150738","display_name":"Fu Jen Catholic University","ror":"https://ror.org/04je98850","country_code":"TW","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I114150738"]}],"countries":["TW"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ching-Sung Lee","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Restaurant, Hotel and Institutional Management, College of Human Ecology, Fu Jen Catholic University, New Taipei City 242062, Taiwan"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4394-4242","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Restaurant, Hotel and Institutional Management, College of Human Ecology, Fu Jen Catholic University, New Taipei City 242062, Taiwan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I114150738"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101863430","display_name":"Yen-Cheng Chen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8120-8687","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8120-8687","https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7939-5137"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I205612303","display_name":"Chinese Culture University","ror":"https://ror.org/04shepe48","country_code":"TW","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205612303"]}],"countries":["TW"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Yen-Cheng Chen","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Applied Science of Living, College of Agriculture, Chinese Culture University, Taipei 11114, Taiwan"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Applied Science of Living, College of Agriculture, Chinese Culture University, Taipei 11114, Taiwan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I205612303"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5104115946","display_name":"Pei-Ling Tsui","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0004-8120-2022","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0009-0004-8120-2022"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I118292597","display_name":"National Taipei University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/00cn92c09","country_code":"TW","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I118292597"]}],"countries":["TW"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Pei-Ling Tsui","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Hospitality Management, National Taitung Junior College, Taitung 95045, Taiwan","Graduate Institute of Technological and Vocational Education, College of Humanities and Social Sciences, National Taipei University of Technology, Taipei 10608, Taiwan"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Hospitality Management, National Taitung Junior College, Taitung 95045, Taiwan","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Graduate Institute of Technological and Vocational Education, College of Humanities and Social Sciences, National Taipei University of Technology, Taipei 10608, Taiwan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I118292597"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5038560710","display_name":"Ming-Chen Chiang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7222-1134","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7222-1134"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I114150738","display_name":"Fu Jen Catholic University","ror":"https://ror.org/04je98850","country_code":"TW","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I114150738"]}],"countries":["TW"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ming-Chen Chiang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Ph.D. Program in Nutrition and Food Science, College of Human Ecology, Fu Jen Catholic University, New Taipei City 242062, Taiwan"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Ph.D. Program in Nutrition and Food Science, College of Human Ecology, Fu Jen Catholic University, New Taipei City 242062, Taiwan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I114150738"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5101863430","https://openalex.org/A5104115946"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I118292597","https://openalex.org/I205612303"],"apc_list":{"value":1800,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":1885},"apc_paid":{"value":1800,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":1885},"fwci":0.9157,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":7,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.79199965,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":88,"max":96},"biblio":{"volume":"12","issue":"6","first_page":"740","last_page":"740"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11805","display_name":"Agricultural economics and policies","score":0.2615000009536743,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2002","display_name":"Economics and Econometrics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/20","display_name":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11805","display_name":"Agricultural economics and policies","score":0.2615000009536743,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2002","display_name":"Economics and Econometrics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/20","display_name":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12896","display_name":"Sustainable Agricultural Systems Analysis","score":0.18870000541210175,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1102","display_name":"Agronomy and Crop Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13478","display_name":"Agricultural Development and Management","score":0.14259999990463257,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1100","display_name":"General Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/smallholder-farmers","display_name":"smallholder farmers","score":0.996999979019165},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/diversified-business-strategy","display_name":"diversified business strategy","score":0.8500000238418579},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/corporate-sustainability-strategy","display_name":"corporate sustainability strategy","score":0.9039999842643738},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/suburban-agriculture","display_name":"suburban agriculture","score":0.6600000262260437},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/agricultural-diversification","display_name":"agricultural diversification","score":0.550000011920929},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/catering","display_name":"catering services","score":0.8119999766349792},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/food-safety","display_name":"food safety","score":0.7889999747276306},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/expert-opinion","display_name":"expert opinion","score":0.3630000054836273},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/indicator-weighting","display_name":"indicator weighting","score":0.5059999823570251}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144133560","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4830453","display_name":"Business","level":0,"score":0.7492207288742065},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C87345402","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q485202","display_name":"Analytic hierarchy process","level":2,"score":0.6131815910339355},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C118518473","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11451","display_name":"Agriculture","level":2,"score":0.549410879611969},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C110269972","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q184872","display_name":"Recreation","level":2,"score":0.5328503251075745},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C18918823","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q49389","display_name":"Tourism","level":2,"score":0.5004854202270508},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162853370","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q39809","display_name":"Marketing","level":1,"score":0.470051646232605},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C54924851","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2751054","display_name":"Sustainable agriculture","level":3,"score":0.4594572186470032},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C552854447","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q131201","display_name":"Sustainable development","level":2,"score":0.44856709241867065},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C4216890","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q815823","display_name":"Business model","level":2,"score":0.4340862035751343},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.1584591567516327},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205649164","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1071","display_name":"Geography","level":0,"score":0.13195589184761047},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144237770","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q747534","display_name":"Mathematical economics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C166957645","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q23498","display_name":"Archaeology","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":4,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/agriculture12060740","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/agriculture12060740","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/agriculture12060740","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2077-0472/12/6/740/pdf?version=1653380924","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210202585","display_name":"Agriculture","issn_l":"2077-0472","issn":["2077-0472"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","doaj","norway-1","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Agriculture","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:https://irlib.pccu.edu.tw/:987654321/52109","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://irlib.pccu.edu.tw//handle/987654321/52109","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S7407064331","display_name":"Chinese Culture University Repository","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:RePEc:gam:jagris:v:12:y:2022:i:6:p:740-:d:822532","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2077-0472/12/6/740/","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401271","display_name":"RePEc: Research Papers in Economics","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I77793887","host_organization_name":"Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I77793887"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:a1dc72a3ce9441acaaf7d8dd8c3f865e","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/a1dc72a3ce9441acaaf7d8dd8c3f865e","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Agriculture, Vol 12, Iss 6, p 740 (2022)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/agriculture12060740","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/agriculture12060740","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/agriculture12060740","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2077-0472/12/6/740/pdf?version=1653380924","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210202585","display_name":"Agriculture","issn_l":"2077-0472","issn":["2077-0472"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","doaj","norway-1","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Agriculture","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/2","display_name":"Zero hunger","score":0.800000011920929},{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/8","display_name":"Decent work and economic growth","score":0.48510000109672546}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1424781145","display_name":"Constructing a Mode of Introducing Augmented Reality Technology and Situational Simulation Teaching into Baking Practice Courses","funder_award_id":"MOST110-2637-H602-001","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322795","funder_display_name":"Ministry of Science and Technology, Taiwan"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G581463414","display_name":"Depressed or Uplifting? a Study on the Construction and Empirical Analysis of Background Music Indicators in Work Environment","funder_award_id":"MOST110-2410-H034-033","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322795","funder_display_name":"Ministry of Science and Technology, Taiwan"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322795","display_name":"Ministry of Science and Technology, Taiwan","ror":"https://ror.org/02kv4zf79"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4281480171.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4281480171.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":38,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1968307125","https://openalex.org/W1976023962","https://openalex.org/W2014000197","https://openalex.org/W2017566716","https://openalex.org/W2028734214","https://openalex.org/W2030901171","https://openalex.org/W2034960640","https://openalex.org/W2094420704","https://openalex.org/W2277198388","https://openalex.org/W2344635802","https://openalex.org/W2469740239","https://openalex.org/W2489983413","https://openalex.org/W2506768821","https://openalex.org/W2594015714","https://openalex.org/W2638710400","https://openalex.org/W2727815315","https://openalex.org/W2738718654","https://openalex.org/W2757977112","https://openalex.org/W2768924522","https://openalex.org/W2883656625","https://openalex.org/W2889589292","https://openalex.org/W2913139628","https://openalex.org/W2932013257","https://openalex.org/W3009552560","https://openalex.org/W3022271745","https://openalex.org/W3034983004","https://openalex.org/W3037390126","https://openalex.org/W3040193248","https://openalex.org/W3082998075","https://openalex.org/W3087462382","https://openalex.org/W3112826276","https://openalex.org/W3118625602","https://openalex.org/W3148209813","https://openalex.org/W3162306199","https://openalex.org/W3183881774","https://openalex.org/W3202526256","https://openalex.org/W3202777741","https://openalex.org/W6654734538"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W7137624738","https://openalex.org/W7054647960","https://openalex.org/W4394718663","https://openalex.org/W2023820030","https://openalex.org/W4416859371","https://openalex.org/W4392831501","https://openalex.org/W7027412785","https://openalex.org/W7113311353","https://openalex.org/W3217680266","https://openalex.org/W7112300301"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Taiwan\u2019s":[0,74,105,197,220],"smallholder":[1,47,71,141,172,194,217],"farmers":[2,72,142,195,218],"are":[3,50],"transforming":[4],"into":[5],"a":[6],"diversified":[7,39,65,119,146,166,189,211],"business":[8,42,68,122,149,169,214],"model":[9],"to":[10,12,37,112,129],"respond":[11],"the":[13,19,34,59,62,77,80,87,102,114,130,178,181,184,200],"transformation":[14],"of":[15,57,64,83,89,145,165,177,183,188,210],"economic":[16],"structures":[17],"and":[18,23,31,40,44,66,93,116,120,137,147,160,167,186,190,199,212],"demand":[20],"for":[21,46,70,118,140,171,193,216],"sightseeing":[22],"recreation.":[24],"On":[25],"that":[26,202],"account,":[27],"it":[28],"is":[29,180],"urgent":[30],"valuable":[32],"at":[33],"research":[35,131],"level":[36],"develop":[38],"sustainable":[41,67,121,148,168,191,213],"strategies":[43,69,123,170,192,215],"models":[45,117,187],"farmers.":[48,173],"There":[49],"two":[51],"goals":[52],"in":[53,73,101,143,196,219],"this":[54],"study.":[55],"First":[56],"all,":[58],"study":[60,78,179],"formulated":[61],"indicators":[63,85,115,185],"suburbs.":[75,221],"Second,":[76],"measured":[79],"relevant":[81],"weights":[82],"these":[84],"from":[86],"perspectives":[88],"experts.":[90],"The":[91,174],"qualitative":[92],"quantitative":[94],"Analytic":[95],"Hierarchy":[96],"Process":[97],"(AHP)":[98],"was":[99],"applied":[100],"study,":[103],"with":[104],"agricultural":[106],"experts":[107],"being":[108],"our":[109],"main":[110],"subjects":[111],"establish":[113],"based":[124],"on":[125],"their":[126],"opinions.":[127],"According":[128],"results,":[132],"there":[133],"were":[134],"6":[135],"criteria":[136],"25":[138],"sub-criteria":[139,164],"terms":[144],"strategies,":[150],"among":[151],"which,":[152],"catering":[153,203],"services":[154],"topped":[155],"other":[156,163],"criteria;":[157],"food":[158],"health":[159],"safety":[161],"outweighed":[162],"greatest":[175],"contribution":[176],"establishment":[182],"suburbs":[198],"discovery":[201],"service":[204],"can":[205],"be":[206],"an":[207],"important":[208],"orientation":[209]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-11-04T10:54:05.112534","created_date":"2022-05-26T00:00:00"}