{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4280641998","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1111/cogs.13137","title":"Analytic Causal Knowledge for Constructing Useable Empirical Causal Knowledge: Two Experiments on Pre\u2010schoolers","display_name":"Analytic Causal Knowledge for Constructing Useable Empirical Causal Knowledge: Two Experiments on Pre\u2010schoolers","publication_year":2022,"publication_date":"2022-05-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4280641998","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1111/cogs.13137","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35587589"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1111/cogs.13137","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1111/cogs.13137","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1111/cogs.13137","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S78735424","display_name":"Cognitive Science","issn_l":"0364-0213","issn":["0364-0213","1551-6709"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-c","erih-plus","jufo-2","ki-jl-2","medline","norway-2","poland-100","russia-white-list-2","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320595","host_organization_name":"Wiley","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320595"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Wiley"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Cognitive Science","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/6753j2xd","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5025051687","display_name":"Patricia W. Cheng","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5047-5467","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5047-5467"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2803209242","display_name":"University of California System","ror":"https://ror.org/00pjdza24","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2803209242"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Patricia W. Cheng","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Psychology, University of California"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Psychology, University of California","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2803209242"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5059904379","display_name":"Catherine M. Sandhofer","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0488-7185","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0488-7185"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2803209242","display_name":"University of California System","ror":"https://ror.org/00pjdza24","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2803209242"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Catherine M. Sandhofer","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Psychology, University of California"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Psychology, University of California","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2803209242"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5039234996","display_name":"Mimi Liljeholm","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9066-6989","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9066-6989"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2803209242","display_name":"University of California System","ror":"https://ror.org/00pjdza24","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2803209242"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mimi Liljeholm","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Cognitive Sciences, University of California"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Cognitive Sciences, University of California","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2803209242"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5025051687"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2803209242"],"apc_list":{"value":3700,"currency":"USD","value_usd":3700},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.2471,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":5,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.48462433,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":95},"biblio":{"volume":"46","issue":"5","first_page":"e13137","last_page":"e13137"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11303","display_name":"Bayesian Modeling and Causal Inference","score":0.8003000020980835,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11303","display_name":"Bayesian Modeling and Causal Inference","score":0.8003000020980835,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10656","display_name":"Child and Animal Learning Development","score":0.08229999989271164,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3204","display_name":"Developmental and Educational Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10778","display_name":"Philosophy and History of Science","score":0.03689999878406525,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1207","display_name":"History and Philosophy of Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/12","display_name":"Arts and Humanities"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/causal-learning","display_name":"causal learning","score":0.7940000295639038},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/causal-invariance","display_name":"causal invariance","score":0.9179999828338623},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/causal-decomposition","display_name":"causal decomposition","score":0.5049999952316284},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/preschool-children","display_name":"preschool children","score":0.8050000071525574},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/causal-reasoning","display_name":"causal reasoning","score":0.550000011920929}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11671645","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5054567","display_name":"Causal model","level":2,"score":0.5517933368682861},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127705205","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5748245","display_name":"Heuristics","level":2,"score":0.5368146896362305},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177148314","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q170084","display_name":"Generalization","level":2,"score":0.46730470657348633},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.3827020525932312},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149782125","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q160039","display_name":"Econometrics","level":1,"score":0.3287297487258911},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.3150453567504883},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.14567431807518005},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134306372","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7754","display_name":"Mathematical analysis","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126255220","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q141495","display_name":"Mathematical optimization","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D002648","descriptor_name":"Child","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D002675","descriptor_name":"Child, Preschool","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005793","descriptor_name":"Generalization, Psychological","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D007858","descriptor_name":"Learning","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D015982","descriptor_name":"Bias","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D015984","descriptor_name":"Causality","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D019359","descriptor_name":"Knowledge","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true}],"locations_count":4,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1111/cogs.13137","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1111/cogs.13137","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1111/cogs.13137","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S78735424","display_name":"Cognitive Science","issn_l":"0364-0213","issn":["0364-0213","1551-6709"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-c","erih-plus","jufo-2","ki-jl-2","medline","norway-2","poland-100","russia-white-list-2","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320595","host_organization_name":"Wiley","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320595"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Wiley"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Cognitive Science","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:35587589","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35587589","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Cognitive science","raw_type":"Journal Article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:escholarship.org:ark:/13030/qt6753j2xd","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/6753j2xd","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400115","display_name":"eScholarship (California Digital Library)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I2801248553","host_organization_name":"California Digital Library","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2801248553"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Cognitive Science, vol 46, iss 5","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:escholarship.org:ark:/13030/qt7wn6j5dz","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/7wn6j5dz","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400115","display_name":"eScholarship (California Digital Library)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I2801248553","host_organization_name":"California Digital Library","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2801248553"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the Annual Meeting of the Cognitive Science Society, vol 39, iss 0","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:escholarship.org:ark:/13030/qt6753j2xd","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/6753j2xd","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400115","display_name":"eScholarship (California Digital Library)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I2801248553","host_organization_name":"California Digital Library","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2801248553"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Cognitive Science, vol 46, iss 5","raw_type":"article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"sustainable_development_goals_aurora":[{"score":0.7099999785423279,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/4","display_name":"Quality education"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":108,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W66951146","https://openalex.org/W160989634","https://openalex.org/W284239745","https://openalex.org/W310385793","https://openalex.org/W1524326598","https://openalex.org/W1558275943","https://openalex.org/W1582307075","https://openalex.org/W1897139626","https://openalex.org/W1922398840","https://openalex.org/W1980862600","https://openalex.org/W1984735186","https://openalex.org/W1986273646","https://openalex.org/W1986791396","https://openalex.org/W1994214302","https://openalex.org/W1999872191","https://openalex.org/W2001513998","https://openalex.org/W2003336134","https://openalex.org/W2006538239","https://openalex.org/W2007033824","https://openalex.org/W2012268147","https://openalex.org/W2013320481","https://openalex.org/W2013353303","https://openalex.org/W2017470614","https://openalex.org/W2020801136","https://openalex.org/W2036251661","https://openalex.org/W2046832728","https://openalex.org/W2047669279","https://openalex.org/W2049250716","https://openalex.org/W2054662478","https://openalex.org/W2055904739","https://openalex.org/W2057965298","https://openalex.org/W2058498316","https://openalex.org/W2071036138","https://openalex.org/W2071967653","https://openalex.org/W2075454710","https://openalex.org/W2082671186","https://openalex.org/W2102630578","https://openalex.org/W2103152357","https://openalex.org/W2105884991","https://openalex.org/W2107402663","https://openalex.org/W2107942550","https://openalex.org/W2108032050","https://openalex.org/W2109860023","https://openalex.org/W2119991646","https://openalex.org/W2120380598","https://openalex.org/W2121980903","https://openalex.org/W2128152674","https://openalex.org/W2131405106","https://openalex.org/W2134845716","https://openalex.org/W2139362978","https://openalex.org/W2140501356","https://openalex.org/W2144981148","https://openalex.org/W2145780367","https://openalex.org/W2146622734","https://openalex.org/W2147994905","https://openalex.org/W2151006324","https://openalex.org/W2154167968","https://openalex.org/W2154521990","https://openalex.org/W2154594412","https://openalex.org/W2155965100","https://openalex.org/W2159080219","https://openalex.org/W2160521350","https://openalex.org/W2160782319","https://openalex.org/W2161055006","https://openalex.org/W2162763502","https://openalex.org/W2171932297","https://openalex.org/W2172378643","https://openalex.org/W2185014795","https://openalex.org/W2409534017","https://openalex.org/W2522500382","https://openalex.org/W2583640572","https://openalex.org/W2586649600","https://openalex.org/W2599606487","https://openalex.org/W2615322227","https://openalex.org/W2625439778","https://openalex.org/W2734648945","https://openalex.org/W2747318853","https://openalex.org/W2752443224","https://openalex.org/W2760669695","https://openalex.org/W2770697518","https://openalex.org/W2786837305","https://openalex.org/W2915011129","https://openalex.org/W2990138404","https://openalex.org/W2999905431","https://openalex.org/W3005300799","https://openalex.org/W3166287758","https://openalex.org/W3215786582","https://openalex.org/W4230581167","https://openalex.org/W4232687929","https://openalex.org/W4234998101","https://openalex.org/W4249496198","https://openalex.org/W4250866842","https://openalex.org/W4255938189","https://openalex.org/W4280641998","https://openalex.org/W4285232700","https://openalex.org/W4299551239","https://openalex.org/W4301139280","https://openalex.org/W4301441647","https://openalex.org/W4301861531","https://openalex.org/W6645640999","https://openalex.org/W6650750689","https://openalex.org/W6777185606","https://openalex.org/W6827768719","https://openalex.org/W6980455312","https://openalex.org/W7047160172","https://openalex.org/W7073983019","https://openalex.org/W7074602641","https://openalex.org/W7075292137"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4309411340","https://openalex.org/W3215786582","https://openalex.org/W7045514315","https://openalex.org/W2787382955","https://openalex.org/W6948038377","https://openalex.org/W2111242901","https://openalex.org/W6966210505","https://openalex.org/W2144475403","https://openalex.org/W2159963739","https://openalex.org/W6925246302"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,70,92,133],"present":[1],"paper":[2,71,183],"examines":[3],"a":[4,120,175],"type":[5],"of":[6,14,23,33,47,95,139,153,188,192,195],"abstract":[7],"domain-general":[8],"knowledge":[9,32,43,63,102,142],"required":[10],"for":[11,39,98,115],"the":[12,20,28,45,57,61,111,136,144,161,182,186,193],"process":[13],"constructing":[15,99],"useable":[16,100],"domain-specific":[17],"causal":[18,24,96,101,141,163,196],"knowledge,":[19],"evident":[21],"goal":[22],"learning.":[25],"It":[26],"tests":[27],"hypothesis":[29],"that":[30,60,104,170,198],"analytic":[31],"causal-invariance":[34,112,145],"decomposition":[35,46,113,122,155],"functions":[36],"is":[37,65],"essential":[38],"this":[40],"process.":[41],"Such":[42],"specifies":[44],"an":[48,179],"observed":[49],"outcome":[50],"into":[51],"contributions":[52],"from":[53],"constituent":[54],"causes":[55,167],"under":[56],"default":[58],"assumption":[59],"empirical":[62,140],"acquired":[64],"invariant":[66],"across":[67,84,201],"contextual/background":[68],"causes.":[69],"reports":[72],"two":[73],"psychological":[74],"experiments":[75],"(and":[76],"replication":[77],"studies)":[78],"with":[79,174],"pre-school-age":[80],"children":[81,107],"on":[82],"generalization":[83,200],"contexts":[85],"involving":[86,130,165],"binary":[87,131,172],"cause":[88],"and":[89,158,168,178],"effect":[90],"variables.":[91],"critical":[93],"role":[94],"invariance":[97],"predicts":[103],"even":[105],"young":[106],"should":[108],"(tacitly)":[109],"use":[110],"function":[114,123],"such":[116],"variables":[117,173],"rather":[118],"than":[119],"non-causal-invariance":[121,154],"common":[124],"in":[125,128,151],"statistical":[126],"practice":[127],"research":[129],"outcomes.":[132],"findings":[134],"support":[135],"rational":[137,190],"shaping":[138],"by":[143],"constraint,":[146],"ruling":[147],"out":[148],"alternative":[149],"explanations":[150],"terms":[152],"functions,":[156],"heuristics,":[157],"biases.":[159],"For":[160],"same":[162],"structure":[164],"candidate":[166],"outcomes":[169],"are":[171],"\"present\"":[176],"value":[177],"\"absent\"":[180],"value,":[181],"argues":[184],"against":[185],"possibility":[187],"multiple":[189],"characterizations":[191],"\"sameness":[194],"influence\"":[197],"justifies":[199],"contexts.":[202]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-10-31T12:09:11.096373","created_date":"2022-05-22T00:00:00"}
